Aikace-aikace na scandium oxide
Tsarin sinadaran scandium oxide shine Sc2O3. Properties: Farar m. Tare da tsarin cubic na sesquioxide na duniya mai wuya. Yawan yawa 3.864. Matsayin narkewa 2403 ℃ 20 ℃. Insoluble a cikin ruwa, mai narkewa a cikin zafi acid. Ana shirya ta thermal bazuwar gishiri na scandium. Ana iya amfani da shi azaman kayan ƙafe don rufin semiconductor. Yi m Laser tare da m zango, high definition TV lantarki gun, karfe halide fitilar, da dai sauransu.
Scandium oxide (Sc2O3) yana ɗaya daga cikin mahimman samfuran scandium. Kayayyakinsa na zahiri da na sinadarai sun yi kama da na oxides na ƙasa (kamar La2O3, Y2O3 da Lu2O3, da sauransu), don haka hanyoyin samar da kayan aiki suna kama da juna. Sc2O3 na iya samar da Scandium karfe (sc), gishiri daban-daban (ScCl3, ScF3, ScI3, Sc2 (C2O4) 3, da dai sauransu) da kuma nau'in scandium alloys (Al-Sc, Al-Zr-Sc jerin). Wadannan samfurori na scandium suna da ƙimar fasaha mai amfani da tasiri mai kyau na tattalin arziki.Sc2O3 an yi amfani dashi sosai a cikin aluminum gami, hasken wutar lantarki, laser, mai kara kuzari, mai kunnawa, yumbu, sararin samaniya da sauransu saboda halayensa. A halin yanzu, an bayyana matsayin aikace-aikacen Sc2O3 a fannonin gami, tushen hasken lantarki, mai haɓakawa, kunnawa da yumbu a cikin Sin da duniya daga baya.
(1) aikace-aikacen gami
A halin yanzu, Al-Sc alloy sanya daga Sc da Al yana da abũbuwan amfãni daga low yawa (SC = 3.0g / cm3, Al = 2.7g / cm3, high ƙarfi, high taurin, mai kyau roba, karfi lalata juriya da thermal kwanciyar hankali, Don haka, an yi amfani da shi sosai a cikin sassan sassa na makamai masu linzami, sararin samaniya, jirgin sama, motoci da jiragen ruwa, kuma a hankali ya juya zuwa ga farar hula, irin su rike da na'urorin wasanni (hockey da baseball) Yana da halaye na babban ƙarfi. , high rigidity da haske nauyi, kuma yana da babban m darajar.
Scandium yafi taka rawar gyare-gyare da gyaran hatsi a cikin gami, wanda ke haifar da samuwar sabon nau'in Al3Sc tare da kyawawan kaddarorin. Al-Sc alloy ya yi jerin gwanon silsila, alal misali, Rasha ta kai nau'ikan Al-Sc iri 17, haka nan kasar Sin tana da allo da dama (kamar Al-Mg-Sc-Zr da Al-Zn-Mg-Sc). alloy). Ba za a iya maye gurbin halayen irin wannan nau'in allo da wasu kayan ba, don haka daga ra'ayi na ci gaba, ci gaban aikace-aikacensa da yuwuwar yana da girma, kuma ana tsammanin ya zama babban aikace-aikacen nan gaba. Misali, kasar Rasha ta samar da masana'antu da kuma bunkasa cikin sauri don samar da sassa na haske, kuma kasar Sin tana hanzarta gudanar da bincike da aikace-aikacenta, musamman a sararin samaniya da na jiragen sama.
(2) aikace-aikacen sabbin kayan tushen hasken lantarki
An canza Sc2O3 mai tsabta zuwa ScI3, sannan aka sanya shi zuwa sabon kayan aikin hasken lantarki na ƙarni na uku tare da NaI, wanda aka sarrafa shi zuwa fitilar scandium-sodium halogen don haske (kimanin 0.1mg ~ 10mg na Sc2O3≥99% abu da aka yi amfani da shi ga kowane fitilar. . A ƙarƙashin aikin babban ƙarfin lantarki, layin sikelin na scandium shine blue kuma layin spectral sodium shine rawaya, kuma launuka biyu suna aiki tare da juna don samar da haske kusa da hasken rana. makamashi ceton, tsawon rai da kuma karfi hazo karya iko.
(3) Aikace-aikace na Laser kayan
Gadolinium gallium scandium garnet (GGSG) za a iya shirya ta hanyar ƙara Sc2O3≥ 99.9% zuwa GGG, kuma abun da ke ciki shine nau'in Gd3Sc2Ga3O12. Ƙarfin fitar da Laser na ƙarni na uku da aka yi da shi ya ninka sau 3.0 sama da na Laser mai girma iri ɗaya, wanda ya kai na'urar laser mai ƙarfi da ƙaramin ƙarfi, ƙara ƙarfin fitarwa na Laser oscillation da haɓaka aikin laser. . Lokacin shirya kristal guda ɗaya, kowane cajin shine 3kg ~ 5kg, kuma ana ƙara kusan 1.0kg na albarkatun ƙasa tare da Sc2O3≥99.9%. A halin yanzu, ana amfani da irin wannan nau'in Laser a cikin fasahar soja, kuma a hankali ana tura shi zuwa masana'antar farar hula. Daga mahangar ci gaba, yana da babban damar yin amfani da soja da farar hula a nan gaba.
(4) aikace-aikacen kayan lantarki
Pure Sc2O3 za a iya amfani da hadawan abu da iskar shaka cathode activator ga cathode lantarki gun na launi TV hoto tube da kyau sakamako. Fesa Layer na Ba, Sr da Ca oxide tare da kauri na milimita ɗaya akan cathode na bututun launi, sannan a watsar da Layer na Sc2O3 mai kauri na 0.1 millimeter akansa. A cikin cathode na oxide Layer, Mg da Sr suna amsawa tare da Ba, wanda ke inganta ragewar Ba, kuma abubuwan da aka saki sun fi aiki, suna ba da manyan electrons na yanzu, wanda ya sa phosphor ke fitar da haske. Idan aka kwatanta da cathode ba tare da Sc2O3 shafi , zai iya ƙara yawan halin yanzu ta sau 4, ya sa hoton TV ya fi dacewa kuma ya tsawaita rayuwar cathode ta sau 3. Adadin Sc2O3 da aka yi amfani da shi don kowane 21-inch mai tasowa cathode shine 0.1mg A halin yanzu, ana amfani da wannan cathode a wasu ƙasashe na duniya, kamar Japan, wanda zai iya haɓaka gasa kasuwa da haɓaka tallace-tallace na TV.
Lokacin aikawa: Agusta-10-2021