Kwayoyin cuta na iya zama mabuɗin don ciro ƙasa mai wuyar gaske
tushen: Phys.orgAbubuwan da ba kasafai suke fitowa daga ma'adanan kasa ba suna da matukar muhimmanci ga rayuwar zamani amma tace su bayan hakar ma'adinai yana da tsada, yana cutar da muhalli kuma galibi yana faruwa a kasashen waje.Wani sabon bincike ya bayyana wata hujja ta ƙa'ida don injiniyan ƙwayoyin cuta, Gluconobacter oxydans, wanda ke ɗaukar babban mataki na farko don saduwa da buƙatun abubuwan da ba a taɓa gani ba ta hanyar da ta dace da farashi da ingancin haƙar ma'aunin zafin jiki na gargajiya da hanyoyin tsaftacewa kuma yana da tsabta sosai. cika ka'idojin muhalli na Amurka."Muna ƙoƙarin fito da wata hanyar da za ta dace da muhalli, ƙarancin zafin jiki, hanyar da ba ta da ƙarfi don fitar da abubuwan da ba kasafai ba a duniya daga cikin dutse," in ji Buz Barstow, babban marubucin jaridar kuma mataimakin farfesa a fannin nazarin halittu da injiniyan muhalli a. Jami'ar Cornell.Abubuwan da ke da 15 daga cikinsu a cikin tebur na lokaci-lokaci-sun zama dole don komai daga kwamfutoci, wayoyin hannu, allon fuska, microphones, injin turbin iska, motocin lantarki da masu gudanarwa zuwa radars, sonars, fitilun LED da batura masu caji.Yayin da Amurka ta taɓa tace abubuwan da ba su da yawa a duniya, wannan samarwa ya tsaya sama da shekaru biyar da suka gabata. Yanzu, gyaran waɗannan abubuwan yana faruwa kusan gaba ɗaya a wasu ƙasashe, musamman China."Mafi yawan abubuwan da ba kasafai ake samarwa da hakowa ba suna hannun kasashen waje," in ji wani marubuci Esteban Gazel, mataimakin farfesa a fannin kimiyyar duniya da na yanayi a Cornell. "Don haka don tsaron kasarmu da kuma tsarin rayuwarmu, ya kamata mu dawo kan hanyar da za a bi don sarrafa albarkatun."Don saduwa da buƙatun Amurka na shekara-shekara na abubuwan da ba kasafai ba, ana buƙatar kusan tan miliyan 71.5 (~ ton miliyan 78.8) na ɗanyen tama don cire kilo 10,000 (~ 22,000 fam) na abubuwa.Hanyoyin da ake amfani da su na yanzu sun dogara da narkar da dutse tare da sulfuric acid mai zafi, sannan ta yin amfani da kaushi na kwayoyin halitta don raba abubuwa masu kama da juna daga juna a cikin bayani.Barstow ya ce "Muna son gano hanyar da za mu samar da kwaro da ke yin wannan aikin mafi kyau," in ji Barstow.G. oxydans an san shi da yin acid mai suna biolixiviant wanda ke narkar da dutse; kwayoyin suna amfani da acid don cire phosphates daga abubuwan da ba kasafai ba. Masu binciken sun fara sarrafa kwayoyin halittar G. oxydans ta yadda zai fitar da abubuwan da kyau.Don yin haka, masu binciken sun yi amfani da wata fasaha da Barstow ya taimaka wajen haɓakawa, mai suna Knockout Sudoku, wanda ya ba su damar kashe kwayoyin halitta 2,733 a cikin G. oxydans 'genome daya bayan daya. Tawagar ta gano mutant, kowanne da takamaiman kwayar halittar da aka fitar, ta yadda za su iya gane wane irin nau'in halitta ne ke taka rawa wajen fitar da abubuwa daga dutsen."Ina da kyakkyawan fata," in ji Gazel. "Muna da tsari a nan wanda zai kasance mafi inganci fiye da duk abin da aka yi a baya."Alexa Schmitz, mai bincike na postdoctoral a cikin Barstow's lab, shine marubucin farko na binciken, "Gluconobacter oxydans Knockout Collection Finds Ingantattun Rare Earth Element Extraction," wanda aka buga a Nature Communications.
