Barium karfe

Ma'auni na Ƙasa	43009
CAS No	7440-39-3
Sunan Sinanci	Barium karfe
Sunan Ingilishi	barium
Laƙabi	barium
Tsarin kwayoyin halitta	Ba	Bayyanar da sifa	Ƙarfe mai ƙyalƙyali na azurfa-fari, rawaya a cikin nitrogen, ɗan ƙarami
Nauyin kwayoyin halitta	137.33	Wurin tafasa	1640 ℃
Wurin narkewa	725 ℃	Solubility	Insoluble a cikin inorganic acid, insoluble a gama gari
Yawan yawa	Dangantaka yawa (ruwa=1) 3.55	Kwanciyar hankali	Rashin kwanciyar hankali
Alamar haɗari	10 (abubuwa masu ƙonewa a cikin hulɗa da danshi)	Amfani na farko	Ana amfani da shi wajen kera gishirin barium, kuma ana amfani da shi azaman wakili mai lalata, ballast da kuma gami

2. Tasiri kan muhalli.

i. hadarin lafiya

Hanyar mamayewa: inhalation, ciki.
Hadarin lafiya: Karfe na Barium kusan ba mai guba bane. Gishiri mai narkewa kamar barium chloride, barium nitrate, da dai sauransu (barium carbonate ya hadu da acid na ciki don samar da barium chloride, wanda za'a iya tunawa ta hanyar narkewar abinci) zai iya zama guba mai tsanani bayan an sha, tare da alamun bayyanar cututtuka na hanji na narkewa, ci gaba da ciwon tsoka. , shigar myocardial, da ƙarancin potassium na jini. Ciwon tsoka na numfashi da lahani na zuciya na iya haifar da mutuwa. Shakar ƙurar fili mai narkewa na barium na iya haifar da mummunan guba na barium, aikin yana kama da guba na baki, amma yanayin tsarin narkewa yana da sauƙi. Tsawon lokaci mai tsawo ga mahadi na barium na iya haifar da salivation, rauni, ƙarancin numfashi, kumburi da yashewar mucosa na baki, rhinitis, tachycardia, karuwar hawan jini da asarar gashi. Shakar ƙurar fili na barium maras narkewa na dogon lokaci, kamar barium sulfate, na iya haifar da barium pneumoconiosis.

ii. bayanan toxicological da halayyar muhalli

Halayen haɗari: ƙananan amsawar sinadarai, na iya ƙonewa a cikin iska lokacin da aka yi zafi zuwa narkakkar yanayi, amma ƙura na iya ƙonewa a cikin ɗaki. Yana iya haifar da konewa da fashewa lokacin da aka fallasa ga zafi, harshen wuta ko halayen sinadaran. A cikin hulɗa da ruwa ko acid, yana mayar da martani da ƙarfi kuma yana sakin iskar hydrogen don haifar da konewa. A cikin hulɗa da fluorine, chlorine, da dai sauransu, wani mummunan halayen haɗari zai faru. Lokacin da aka tuntube shi da acid ko dilute acid, zai haifar da konewa da fashewa.
Konewa (bazuwar) samfur: barium oxide.

3. Hanyoyin sa ido na gaggawa a kan wurin.

　

4. Hanyoyin saka idanu na dakin gwaje-gwaje.

Titration mai ƙarfi (GB/T14671-93, ingancin ruwa)
Hanyar sha atom (GB/T15506-95, ingancin ruwa)
Jagoran Hanyar Sharar Atomic don Nazarin Gwaji da Tattalin Arziki mai Tsafta, Babban tashar sa ido kan muhalli ta kasar Sin da sauran su suka fassara.

5. Matsayin muhalli.

Tsohuwar Tarayyar Soviet	Matsakaicin halatta adadin abubuwa masu haɗari a cikin iskar bita	0.5mg/m3
China (GB/T114848-93)	Ma'aunin ingancin ruwan karkashin kasa (mg/L)	Class I 0.01; Class II 0.1; Class III 1.0; Class IV 4.0; Class V sama da 4.0
China (wanda za a kafa)	Matsakaicin halatta adadin abubuwa masu haɗari a cikin hanyoyin ruwan sha	0.7mg/L

6. Maganin gaggawa da hanyoyin zubar da ciki.

i. amsa gaggawa ga zubewa

Ware gurɓataccen yanki da ke zubar da ruwa da hana shiga. Yanke tushen wuta. An shawarci ma’aikatan gaggawa da su sanya abin rufe fuska na tace kura da kayan kariya na wuta. Kar a yi hulɗa kai tsaye tare da zubewar. Ƙananan zubewa: Ka guji tayar da ƙura kuma a tattara a bushe, mai tsabta, kwantena da aka rufe tare da felu mai tsabta. Canja wurin don sake yin amfani da su. Manyan zubewa: Rufe da zanen filastik ko zane don rage tarwatsewa. Yi amfani da kayan aikin da ba sa haskakawa don canja wuri da sake yin fa'ida.

ii. matakan kariya

Kariyar numfashi: Gabaɗaya ba a buƙatar kariya ta musamman, amma ana ba da shawarar cewa a sanya abin rufe fuska mai tacewa da kai a cikin yanayi na musamman.
Kariyar ido: Saka gilashin aminci na sinadarai.
Kariyar jiki: Sanya tufafin kariya na sinadarai.
Kariyar hannu: Sanya safar hannu na roba.
Wani: An haramta shan taba a wurin aiki. Kula da tsaftar mutum.

iii. matakan taimakon farko

Alamar fata: Cire gurɓataccen tufafi kuma a kurkura fata sosai da sabulu da ruwa.
CUTAR IDO: ɗaga gashin ido kuma a zubar da ruwan gudu ko gishiri. Nemi kulawar likita.
INHALATION: Cire daga wurin da sauri zuwa iska mai kyau. Ci gaba da hanyar iska a bude. Idan numfashi yana da wahala, ba da iskar oxygen. Idan numfashi ya tsaya, ba da numfashin wucin gadi nan da nan. Nemi kulawar likita.
Ci: Sha ruwan dumi mai yawa, haifar da amai, lavage na ciki tare da maganin 2% -5% sodium sulfate, da haifar da gudawa. Nemi kulawar likita.

Hanyoyin kashe wuta: ruwa, kumfa, carbon dioxide, halogenated hydrocarbons (irin su 1211 mai kashewa) da sauran kashe wuta. Busassun foda ko wasu busassun foda (kamar busassun yashi) dole ne a yi amfani da su don kashe wutar.