Muhimman mahadi na ƙasa da ba kasafai ba: Menene amfanin yttrium oxide foda?
Ƙasar da ba kasafai ba ita ce hanya mai mahimmanci mai mahimmanci, kuma tana da rawar da ba za a iya maye gurbinta ba a cikin samar da masana'antu. Gilashin mota, ƙarfin maganadisu na nukiliya, fiber na gani, nunin kristal na ruwa, da sauransu ba za su iya rabuwa da ƙari na ƙasa ba. Daga cikin su, yttrium (Y) yana ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan ƙarfe na ƙasa da ba kasafai ba kuma nau'in ƙarfe ne mai launin toka. Duk da haka, saboda yawan abin da ke cikin ɓawon burodi na ƙasa, farashin yana da arha kuma ana amfani dashi sosai. A cikin samar da zamantakewa na yanzu, ana amfani da shi a yanayin yttrium alloy da yttrium oxide.
Yttrium Metal
Daga cikin su, yttrium oxide (Y2O3) shine mafi mahimmancin fili na yttrium. Ba shi da narkewa a cikin ruwa da alkali, mai narkewa a cikin acid, kuma yana da bayyanar farin crystalline foda (tsarin crystal na tsarin tsarin cubic ne). Yana da kyakkyawan kwanciyar hankali na sinadarai kuma yana ƙarƙashin injin. Ƙarƙashin ƙaƙƙarfan ƙima, juriya mai zafi, juriya na lalata, babban dielectric, nuna gaskiya (infrared) da sauran fa'idodi, don haka an yi amfani da shi a fannoni da yawa. Menene takamaiman? Bari mu duba.
Tsarin crystal na yttrium oxide
01 Maganar yttrium stabilized zirconia foda. Canje-canjen lokaci masu zuwa za su faru a lokacin sanyi na ZrO2 mai tsabta daga babban zafin jiki zuwa zafin jiki: lokaci mai siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar (c) → tetragonal (t) → tsarin monoclinic (m), inda t zai faru a 1150 ° C → m canjin lokaci, tare da haɓaka ƙarar kusan 5%. Duk da haka, idan t → m zangon canjin lokaci na ZrO2 yana daidaitawa zuwa yanayin zafin jiki, ƙaddamarwar lokaci na t → m yana haifar da damuwa a lokacin loading.Saboda tasirin ƙarar da aka samu ta hanyar canjin lokaci, babban adadin kuzari na karaya yana tunawa. , don haka kayan yana nuna ƙarfin rashin ƙarfi na rashin ƙarfi, don haka kayan yana nuna rashin ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, wanda ya haifar da ƙarfin jujjuyawar lokaci, da tsayin daka da tsayin daka. jima'i.
Don cimma canjin canjin lokaci na yumbu na zirconia, dole ne a ƙara wani ma'auni kuma a ƙarƙashin wasu yanayi na harbe-harbe, babban zafin jiki barga lokaci-tetragonal meta-kwantar da yanayin zafin jiki, ya sami wani lokaci tetragonal wanda za a iya canzawa lokaci a zazzabi dakin. . Yana da tasiri na stabilizers akan zirconia. Y2O3 shine mafi yawan bincike na zirconium oxide stabilizer har zuwa yanzu. Kayan Y-TZP na sintered yana da kyawawan kayan aikin injiniya a dakin da zafin jiki, ƙarfin ƙarfi, ƙaƙƙarfan fashe mai kyau, kuma girman hatsi na kayan da ke cikin haɗin gwiwa yana da ƙananan kuma uniform, don haka yana da. ya jawo hankali sosai. 02 Abubuwan Taimakon Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwaƙwalwa na Ƙaƙwalwa na Ƙaƙwalwa na Ƙaƙwalwa na Ƙaƙwalwa ) na buƙatar shiga. Matsayin kayan aikin sintering gabaɗaya za a iya raba su zuwa sassa masu zuwa: samar da ingantaccen bayani tare da sinter;Hana canjin sigar crystal; hana ci gaban hatsi crystal; samar da ruwa lokaci. Misali, a cikin sintirin alumina, ana ƙara magnesium oxide MgO sau da yawa a matsayin mai daidaita tsarin microstructure yayin aikin sintiri. Zai iya tace hatsi, yana rage bambanci sosai a cikin makamashin iyakar hatsi, ya raunana anisotropy na ci gaban hatsi, kuma yana hana ci gaban hatsin da aka katse. Tun da MgO yana da saurin canzawa sosai a yanayin zafi, don samun sakamako mai kyau, Yttrium oxide galibi ana haɗe shi da MgO. Y2O3 na iya tace hatsin lu'ulu'u kuma yana haɓaka ƙima. 03YAG foda roba yttrium aluminum garnet (Y3Al5O12) wani fili ne da mutum ya yi, babu ma'adanai na halitta, mara launi, taurin Mohs zai iya kaiwa 8.5, ma'anar narkewa 1950 ℃, insoluble a sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, hydrofluoric acid, da dai sauransu. high zafin jiki m lokaci hanya ne na gargajiya hanya domin shirya YAG foda.A bisa ga rabo samu a cikin binary Phase diagram na yttrium oxide da aluminum oxide, da biyu powders suna gauraye da kora a high zafin jiki, da YAG foda an kafa ta cikin m. -lokaci dauki tsakanin oxides. A karkashin yanayin zafi mai zafi, a cikin amsawar alumina da yttrium oxide, za a fara samar da mesophases YAM da YAP, kuma a karshe YAG za a kafa.
Hanya mai ƙarfi mai zafin jiki don shirya YAG foda yana da aikace-aikace da yawa. Misali, girmansa na Al-O karami ne kuma karfin haɗin gwiwa yana da girma. A karkashin tasirin electrons, da Tantancewar yi da aka kiyaye barga, da kuma gabatar da rare duniya abubuwa iya muhimmanci inganta luminescence yi na phosphor. Kuma YAG iya zama phosphor ta hanyar doping tare da trivalent rare duniya ions kamar Ce3+ da Eu3+. Bugu da kari, YAG crystal yana da kyau bayyananne, sosai barga jiki da sinadaran Properties, high inji ƙarfi, da kuma mai kyau thermal creep juriya. Yana da wani Laser crystal abu tare da fadi da kewayon aikace-aikace da manufa yi.
YAG crystal 04 m yumbu yttrium oxide ya kasance koyaushe abin da aka fi mayar da hankali kan bincike a fagen yumbu masu gaskiya. Yana cikin tsarin kristal mai siffar sukari kuma yana da kaddarorin gani na isotropic na kowane axis. Idan aka kwatanta da anisotropy na alumina na gaskiya, hoton ba shi da gurɓatacce, don haka a hankali, an kimanta shi kuma an haɓaka shi ta hanyar manyan ruwan tabarau ko windows na gani na soja. Babban halayen halayensa na zahiri da sinadarai sune: ①Babban narkewa, Tsarin sinadarai da kwanciyar hankali na hoto yana da kyau, kuma kewayon bayyananniyar gani yana da faɗi (0.23 ~ 8.0μm); ②A 1050nm, index ɗinsa mai jujjuyawa yana da girma kamar 1.89, wanda ke sa ya sami watsawar ka'idar fiye da 80%; ③Y2O3 yana da isasshen isa don saukar da mafi yawan ratar band ɗin daga babban bandungiyar gudanarwa zuwa valence band na matakin watsiwar ions na ƙasa mai ƙarancin ƙarfi za a iya keɓance su da kyau ta hanyar doping na ƙarancin ƙasa ions. ; ④ Ƙarfin phonon ba shi da ƙarfi, kuma matsakaicin iyakar yankewar phonon kusan 550cm-1. Ƙarƙashin ƙarfin phonon na iya kashe yuwuwar canjin radiyo, ƙara yuwuwar canjin radiyo, da haɓaka ingantaccen ƙimar ƙima; ⑤ High thermal watsin, game da 13.6W / (m · K), high thermal watsin ne musamman
muhimmanci a gare shi a matsayin m Laser matsakaici abu.
Yttrium oxide ceramics na gaskiya wanda Kamfanin Kamishima na Japan ya haɓaka
The narkewa batu na Y2O3 ne game da 2690 ℃, da sintering zafin jiki a dakin da zazzabi ne game da 1700 ~ 1800 ℃. Don yin yumbu mai watsa haske, yana da kyau a yi amfani da matsi mai zafi da ƙwanƙwasa. Saboda kyawawan kaddarorinsa na zahiri da sinadarai, yumbun yumbura na Y2O3 ana amfani da su sosai kuma ana iya haɓaka su, gami da: tagogin infrared na makami mai linzami da domes, ruwan tabarau na gani da infrared, fitilun fitarwa mai ƙarfi, yumbu scintilators, yumbu Laser da sauran filayen.
Lokacin aikawa: Nuwamba-25-2021