Nanometer rare earth kayan, wani sabon karfi a cikin masana'antu juyin juya halin

Nanotechnology wani sabon fanni ne na tsaka-tsaki da aka haɓaka a hankali a ƙarshen 1980s da farkon 1990s. Saboda yana da babban damar ƙirƙirar sabbin hanyoyin samar da kayayyaki, sabbin kayayyaki da sabbin kayayyaki, zai tashi da sabon juyin juya halin masana'antu a cikin sabon ƙarni. Matsayin ci gaban nanoscience da nanotechnology na yanzu yana kama da na kwamfuta da fasahar bayanai a cikin 1950s. Yawancin masana kimiyya da suka himmatu ga wannan fanni sun yi hasashen cewa ci gaban fasahar nanotechnology zai yi tasiri mai fa'ida kuma mai nisa a fannonin fasaha da yawa. Masana kimiyya sun yi imanin cewa yana da kaddarorin ban mamaki da aiki na musamman, Babban tasirin tsarewa wanda ke haifar da abubuwan ban mamaki na kayan nano da yawa na duniya sune takamaiman tasirin ƙasa, ƙaramin girman sakamako, tasirin dubawa, tasirin nuna gaskiya, tasirin rami da tasirin jimla macroscopic. Wadannan tasirin suna sanya kaddarorin jiki na tsarin nano ya bambanta da na kayan al'ada a cikin haske, wutar lantarki, zafi da magnetism, kuma suna gabatar da fasali da yawa na sabon labari.A nan gaba, akwai manyan kwatance guda uku don masana kimiyya don bincike da haɓaka nanotechnology: shirye-shirye da aikace-aikace. na nanomaterials tare da kyakkyawan aiki; Zane da shirya daban-daban nano na'urorin da kayan aiki; Ganowa da nazarin kaddarorin yankunan nano. A halin yanzu, nano rare earth galibi yana da waɗannan kwatancen aikace-aikacen, kuma aikace-aikacen sa yana buƙatar haɓakawa nan gaba.

Nanometer lanthanum oxide (La2O3)

Nanometer lanthanum oxide ana amfani da piezoelectric kayan, electrothermal kayan, thermoelectric kayan, magnetoresistance kayan, luminescent kayan (blue foda), hydrogen ajiya kayan, Tantancewar gilashin, Laser kayan, daban-daban gami kayan, catalysts ga shirya Organic sinadaran kayayyakin, kuma catalysts ga neutralizing. shaye-shaye na mota, da kuma canza fina-finan noma masu haske kuma ana shafa su zuwa nanometer lanthanum oxide.

Nanometer cerium oxide (CeO2)

Babban amfani da nano cerium oxide sune kamar haka: 1. A matsayin ƙari na gilashi, nano cerium oxide na iya ɗaukar hasken ultraviolet da hasken infrared, kuma an shafa shi a gilashin mota. Ba zai iya hana haskoki na ultraviolet kawai ba, har ma ya rage yawan zafin jiki a cikin mota, don haka ceton wutar lantarki don kwandishan. 2. Aiwatar da nano cerium oxide a cikin abin da ke haifar da fitar da hayakin mota zai iya hana dumbin iskar iskar hayaki mai fitar da iskar.3. Ana iya amfani da Nano-cerium oxide a cikin launi don canza launin robobi, kuma ana iya amfani dashi a cikin sutura, tawada da masana'antar takarda. 4. Aikace-aikacen nano cerium oxide a cikin kayan aikin gogewa an san shi sosai azaman babban madaidaicin buƙatu don polishing silicon wafers da sapphire single crystal substrates.5. Bugu da kari, nano cerium oxide kuma za a iya amfani da hydrogen ajiya kayan, thermoelectric kayan, Nano cerium oxide tungsten lantarki electrodes, yumbu capacitors, piezoelectric ceramics, Nano cerium oxide silicon carbide abrasives, man fetur cell albarkatun kasa, fetur catalysts, wasu m Magnetic kayan, daban-daban gami da karafa da wadanda ba na ƙarfe ba, da dai sauransu.

Nanometer praseodymium oxide (Pr6O11)

Babban amfani da nanometer praseodymium oxide sune kamar haka: 1. Ana amfani dashi sosai wajen gina yumbu da yumbu na yau da kullun. Ana iya haɗa shi da yumbu glaze don yin glaze mai launi, kuma ana iya amfani da shi azaman launin ruwan kasa kawai. Alamun da aka shirya shine rawaya mai haske tare da sautin tsantsa da kyan gani. 2. Ana amfani da shi don kera magneto na dindindin kuma ana amfani dashi sosai a cikin na'urori da injina daban-daban. 3. Ana amfani da man fetur catalytic cracking.The aiki, selectivity da kwanciyar hankali na catalysis za a iya inganta. 4. Nano-praseodymium oxide kuma ana iya amfani dashi don goge goge. Bugu da ƙari, aikace-aikacen nanometer praseodymium oxide a fagen fiber na gani yana da yawa kuma yana da yawa. Nanometer neodymium oxide (Nd2O3) Nanometer neodymium oxide ya zama wuri mai zafi a kasuwa tsawon shekaru da yawa saboda matsayinsa na musamman a fagen duniyar da ba kasafai ba. Hakanan ana amfani da Nano-neodymium oxide zuwa kayan da ba na ƙarfe ba. Ƙara 1.5% ~ 2.5% nano neodymium oxide a cikin magnesium ko aluminum gami zai iya inganta yanayin zafin jiki mai girma, ƙarfin iska da juriya na lalata, kuma ana amfani dashi sosai azaman sararin samaniya. abu don jirgin sama. Bugu da kari, nano yttrium aluminum garnet doped tare da nano neodymium oxide samar da gajeren-kalaman Laser katako, wanda aka yadu amfani da waldi da yankan bakin ciki kayan da kauri kasa 10mm a masana'antu. A bangaren likitanci, ana amfani da Nano-YAG Laser doped tare da nano-Nd _ 2O_3 don cire raunukan tiyata ko kashe raunuka maimakon wukake na tiyata. Hakanan ana amfani da Nanometer neodymium oxide don canza launin gilashi da kayan yumbu, samfuran roba da ƙari.

Samarium oxide nanoparticles (Sm2O3)

Babban amfani da nano-sized samarium oxide sune: nano-sized samarium oxide ne haske rawaya, wanda ake amfani da yumbu capacitors da catalysts. Bugu da kari, samarium oxide mai girman nano yana da kaddarorin nukiliya, kuma ana iya amfani da shi azaman kayan tsari, kayan kariya da kayan sarrafa makamashin atomic reactor, ta yadda za a iya amfani da babbar makamashin da ke haifar da fission na nukiliya cikin aminci. Europium oxide nanoparticles (Eu2O3) galibi ana amfani dashi a cikin phosphor.Eu3+ ana amfani dashi azaman mai kunna phosphor ja, kuma Eu2+ ana amfani dashi azaman shuɗi phosphor. Y0O3:Eu3+ shine mafi kyawun phosphor a cikin ingantaccen haske, kwanciyar hankali na sutura, farashin dawowa, da dai sauransu, kuma ana amfani dashi ko'ina saboda haɓaka haɓakar haske da bambanci. Kwanan nan, nano europium oxide kuma ana amfani dashi azaman ƙarar iskar phosphor don sabon tsarin bincike na likita na X-ray.Nano-europium oxide kuma ana iya amfani dashi don kera ruwan tabarau masu launi da matattarar gani, don na'urorin ajiyar kumfa na Magnetic, kuma yana iya nuna basirarsa a cikin sarrafa kayan, garkuwa kayan da tsarin kayan na atomic reactors. Kyakkyawan barbashi gadolinium europium oxide (Y2O3: Eu3+) jan phosphor an shirya shi ta amfani da nano yttrium oxide (Y2O3) da nano europium oxide (Eu2O3) azaman albarkatun ƙasa. Lokacin amfani da shi don shirya phosphor mai launin ƙasa maras nauyi, an gano cewa: (a) na iya zama da kyau kuma a hade tare da koren foda da shuɗin foda; (b) Kyakkyawan aikin shafa; (c) Saboda girman barbashi na ja foda ƙananan ne, ƙayyadaddun yanki yana ƙaruwa kuma adadin ƙwayoyin luminescent yana ƙaruwa, ana iya rage adadin ja foda a cikin ƙananan phosphors na duniya mai wuyar gaske, wanda ke haifar da ƙananan farashi.

Gadolinium oxide nanoparticles (Gd2O3)

Babban amfaninsa sune kamar haka: 1. Rukunin paramagnetic mai narkewa na ruwa zai iya inganta siginar hoto na NMR na jikin mutum a cikin jiyya. 2. Base sulfur oxide za a iya amfani da matsayin matrix grid na oscilloscope tube da X-ray allo tare da musamman haske. 3. Nano-gadolinium oxide a cikin nano-gadolinium gallium garnet shine manufa guda ɗaya don ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa. 4. Lokacin da babu Camot sake zagayowar iyaka, Ana iya amfani da matsayin m Magnetic sanyaya matsakaici. 5. Ana amfani da shi azaman mai hanawa don sarrafa matakin amsawar sarkar makamashin nukiliya don tabbatar da amincin halayen nukiliya. Bugu da ƙari, yin amfani da nano-gadolinium oxide da nano-lanthanum oxide yana taimakawa wajen canza yankin vitrification da inganta yanayin zafi na gilashi. Hakanan za'a iya amfani da nano gadolinium oxide don masana'anta capacitors da kuma hasken hasken X-ray. A halin yanzu, duniya tana yin ƙoƙari sosai don haɓaka aikace-aikacen nano-gadolinium oxide da abubuwan da ke tattare da shi a cikin injin daskarewa, kuma ta sami ci gaba mai ƙarfi.

Terbium oxide nanoparticles (Tb4O7)

Babban filayen aikace-aikacen sune kamar haka: 1. Ana amfani da Phosphors azaman activators na kore foda a cikin tricolor phosphor, irin su phosphate matrix kunna ta nano terbium oxide, silicate matrix kunna ta nano terbium oxide da nano cerium oxide magnesium aluminate matrix kunna ta nano terbium oxide, wanda duk ke fitar da koren haske a cikin yanayin farin ciki. 2. Magneto na gani ajiya kayan, A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, Nano-terbium oxide magneto-Optical kayan da aka bincike da kuma ci gaba. Ana amfani da faifan magneto-optical faifai da aka yi da fim ɗin amorphous Tb-F azaman nau'in ajiyar kwamfuta, kuma ana iya ƙara ƙarfin ajiyar ta sau 10 ~ 15. 3. Magneto na gani gilashin, Faraday optically aiki gilashi dauke da nanometer terbium oxide, shi ne wani key abu don yin rotators, isolators, annulators da kuma yadu amfani a Laser technology.Nanometer terbium oxide nanometer dysprosium oxide ne yafi amfani a sonar, kuma an yadu amfani. ana amfani da su a fagage da yawa, kamar tsarin allurar mai, sarrafa bawul ɗin ruwa, matsayawar micro-matsayi, injin injina, inji da mai sarrafa regulator na sararin samaniyar jirgin sama. Babban amfani da Dy2O3 nano dysprosium oxide sune:1. Ana amfani da Nano-dysprosium oxide azaman mai kunnawa phosphor, kuma trivalent nano-dysprosium oxide shine alamar kunna ion na kayan luminescent tricolor tare da cibiyar haske ɗaya. Ya ƙunshi nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i) nau'i-nau'i. Nanometer dysprosium oxide ne zama dole karfe albarkatun kasa shirya Terfenol gami da manyan magnetostrictive gami nano-terbium oxide da Nano-dysprosium oxide, wanda zai iya gane wasu daidai ayyukan inji motsi. 3. Nanometer dysprosium oxide karfe za a iya amfani da a matsayin magneto-Optical ajiya abu tare da babban rikodi gudun da kuma karanta hankali. 4. An yi amfani da shi don shirye-shiryen nanometer dysprosium oxide lamp.The aiki abu da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin nano dysprosium oxide fitilar nano dysprosium oxide ne nano dysprosium oxide, wanda yana da abũbuwan amfãni daga high haske, mai kyau launi, high launi zazzabi, kananan size da kuma barga baka, kuma ya kasance. ana amfani da shi azaman tushen haske don fim da bugu. 5. Ana amfani da Nanometer dysprosium oxide don auna bakan makamashi na neutron ko azaman abin sha a cikin masana'antar makamashin atomic saboda babban yanki na neutron kama giciye.

Ho _ 2O_ 3 Nanometer

Babban amfani da nano-holmium oxide sune kamar haka: 1. A matsayin ƙari na fitilar halogen na ƙarfe, fitilar halogen ta ƙarfe wani nau'i ne na fitilar fitar da iskar gas, wanda aka samo shi a kan fitilar mercury mai matsa lamba, kuma halayensa shine. cewa kwan fitila cike da daban-daban rare duniya halides. A halin yanzu, mafi ƙarancin ƙasa iodide ana amfani da su, waɗanda ke fitar da layi daban-daban lokacin da iskar gas ke fitarwa. Abun aiki da ake amfani da shi a cikin fitilar nano-holmium oxide shine nano-holmium oxide iodide, wanda zai iya samun mafi girman ƙwayar atom a cikin yankin arc, don haka sosai inganta radiation yadda ya dace. 2. Nanometer holmium oxide za a iya amfani dashi azaman ƙari na yttrium iron ko yttrium aluminum garnet; 3. Nano-holmium oxide za a iya amfani da shi azaman yttrium iron aluminum garnet (Ho: YAG), wanda zai iya fitar da 2μm Laser, kuma yawan sha na jikin mutum zuwa 2μm Laser yana da girma. Yana da kusan umarni uku na girma fiye da Hd: YAG0. Sabili da haka, lokacin amfani da Ho: YAG Laser don aikin likita, ba kawai zai iya inganta ingantaccen aiki da daidaito ba, amma kuma yana rage yankin lalacewar thermal zuwa ƙaramin girman. The free katako da aka samar da nano holmium oxide crystal zai iya kawar da mai ba tare da samar da zafi mai yawa ba, don haka rage lalacewar thermal da ke haifar da kyallen takarda masu lafiya.An ruwaito cewa maganin glaucoma tare da nanometer holmium oxide Laser a Amurka zai iya rage zafi. tiyata. 4. A magnetostrictive alloy Terfenol-D, ƙananan adadin nano-sized holmium oxide kuma za a iya ƙara don rage waje filin da ake bukata domin jikewa magnetization na gami.5. Bugu da kari, za a iya amfani da fiber optic doped tare da nano-holmium oxide don kera na'urorin sadarwa na gani kamar Laser fiber optic, fiber fiber fiber, firikwensin fiber na gani da sauransu. Zai taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin saurin sadarwa na fiber na gani a yau.

Nanometer yttrium oxide (Y2O3)

Babban amfani da nano yttrium oxide sune kamar haka: 1. Additives don karfe da abubuwan da ba na ƙarfe ba. FeCr alloy yawanci ya ƙunshi 0.5% ~ 4% nano yttrium oxide, wanda zai iya haɓaka juriya da iskar shaka da ductility na wadannan bakin karfe Bayan ƙara daidai adadin gauraye rare ƙasa mai arziki a nanometer yttrium oxide cikin MB26 gami, da m Properties na gami kasance a fili. inganta jiya, Yana iya maye gurbin wasu matsakaici da karfi aluminum gami ga danniya aka gyara na jirgin sama; Ƙara ƙaramin adadin nano yttrium oxide m ƙasa a cikin Al-Zr gami zai iya inganta haɓakar gami; Yawancin masana'antun waya a kasar Sin sun karbe wannan gami. An ƙara Nano-yttrium oxide a cikin gami da jan ƙarfe don haɓaka haɓaka aiki da ƙarfin injina. 2. Silicon nitride yumbu kayan da ke dauke da 6% nano yttrium oxide da 2% aluminum. Ana iya amfani dashi don haɓaka sassan injin. 3. Hakowa, yankan, waldawa da sauran kayan aikin injiniya ana aiwatar da su akan manyan sikelin ta amfani da nano neodymium oxide aluminum garnet laser katako tare da ikon 400 watts. 4. Allon microscope na lantarki wanda ke kunshe da Y-Al garnet guda crystal yana da haske mai haske, ƙananan ƙarancin haske mai tarwatsawa, da kyakkyawan yanayin zafi da juriya na inji.5. High nano yttrium oxide tsarin gami mai dauke da 90% nano gadolinium oxide za a iya amfani da shi zuwa jirgin sama da sauran lokatai da ake buƙatar ƙananan yawa da babban narkewa. 6. Babban zafin jiki na proton conductive kayan dauke da 90% nano yttrium oxide suna da matukar muhimmanci ga samar da man fetur Kwayoyin, electrolytic Kwayoyin da gas na'urori masu auna sigina bukatar high hydrogen solubility. Bugu da kari, Nano-yttrium oxide kuma ana amfani da matsayin high-zazzabi fesa resistant abu, diluent na atomic reactor man fetur, ƙari na dindindin maganadisu abu da kuma gter a cikin lantarki masana'antu.

Baya ga abin da ke sama, ana iya amfani da nano rare earth oxides a kayan tufafi don kula da lafiyar ɗan adam da kare muhalli. Daga sassan bincike na yanzu, duk suna da wasu kwatance: anti-ultraviolet radiation; Gurbacewar iska da hasken ultraviolet suna da saurin kamuwa da cututtukan fata da cututtukan fata; Rigakafin gurɓataccen gurɓataccen abu yana sa masu gurɓatawa su manne wa tufafi; Har ila yau, ana nazarin ta ta hanyar kiyaye dumin dumi. Domin fata yana da wuyar gaske kuma yana da sauƙin tsufa, ya fi dacewa da mildew a cikin kwanakin damina. Ana iya laushi fata ta hanyar bleaching tare da nano rare earth cerium oxide, wanda ba shi da sauƙi ga tsufa da mildew, kuma yana da dadi don sawa. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, nano-coating kayan kuma su ne mayar da hankali na nano-materials bincike, da kuma babban bincike mayar da hankali a kan aiki coatings. Y2O3 tare da 80nm a Amurka za a iya amfani da shi azaman infrared garkuwa shafi.A yadda ya dace na nuna zafi ne sosai high. CeO2 yana da babban juzu'i da kwanciyar hankali. Lokacin da nano rare earth yttrium oxide, nano lanthanum oxide da nano cerium oxide foda aka kara a cikin shafi, bango na waje zai iya tsayayya da tsufa, saboda bangon bango na waje yana da sauƙin tsufa kuma ya fadi saboda fenti yana nunawa ga hasken rana da hasken ultraviolet. na dogon lokaci, kuma yana iya tsayayya da haskoki na ultraviolet bayan ƙara cerium oxide da yttrium oxide. Bugu da ƙari, girman ƙwayarsa yana da ƙananan ƙananan, kuma nano cerium oxide ana amfani dashi azaman ultraviolet absorber, wanda ake sa ran amfani dashi don hana tsufa na filastik. samfurori saboda hasken ultraviolet, tankuna, motoci, jiragen ruwa, tankunan ajiyar man fetur, da dai sauransu, wanda zai iya kare kariya daga manyan allunan tallace-tallace na waje da kuma hana mildew, danshi da gurɓataccen bango na ciki. Saboda ƙananan ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta, ƙura ba ta da sauƙi don mannewa bango. Kuma ana iya goge shi da ruwa. Har yanzu akwai amfani da yawa na nano rare earth oxides don ƙarin bincike da haɓakawa, kuma muna fata da gaske cewa za ta sami kyakkyawar makoma.