Nanotechnology da Nanomaterials: Nanometer Titanium Dioxide a cikin Kayan shafawa na Sunscreen

Nanotechnology da Nanomaterials: Nanometer Titanium Dioxide a cikin Kayan shafawa na Sunscreen

Fadin kalmomi

Kusan kashi 5% na haskoki da rana ke haskakawa suna da haskoki na ultraviolet tare da tsawon ≤400 nm. Za a iya raba haskoki na ultraviolet a cikin hasken rana: hasken ultraviolet mai tsayi mai tsayi tare da tsawon 320 nm ~ 400 nm, wanda ake kira A-type ultraviolet rays (UVA); Hasken ultraviolet mai matsakaicin raƙuman ruwa mai tsayi na 290 nm zuwa 320 nm ana kiran su nau'in ultraviolet radiation (UVB) da gajeriyar raƙuman hasken ultraviolet mai tsayin 200 nm zuwa 290 nm ana kiran nau'in C-nau'in ultraviolet.

Saboda gajeriyar zangonsa da ƙarfinsa, hasken ultraviolet yana da babban ƙarfi mai lalata, wanda zai iya lalata fatar mutane, yana haifar da kumburi ko kunar rana, kuma yana haifar da cutar kansar fata sosai. UVB shine babban abin da ke haifar da kumburin fata da kunar rana.

1. ka'idar kariya ta hasken ultraviolet tare da nano TiO2

TiO _2 na'ura mai kama da nau'in N-nau'i ne. Sigar crystal na nano-TiO_2 da ake amfani da ita a cikin kayan kwalliyar rana gabaɗaya ba ta da ƙarfi, kuma faɗin band ɗin da aka haramta shine 3.0 eV Lokacin da hasken UV tare da tsayin daka ƙasa da 400nm irradiate TiO _2, electrons akan valence band na iya ɗaukar haskoki UV kuma su yi farin ciki da conduction band, da electron-rami nau'i-nau'i ana samar a lokaci guda, don haka TiO_2 yana da aikin sha UV haskoki. Tare da ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta da ɓangarorin ɗimbin yawa, Wannan yana ƙaruwa da yuwuwar toshewa ko tashe hasken ultraviolet.

2. Halayen nano-TiO2 a cikin kayan kwalliyar rana

2.1

High UV garkuwa yadda ya dace

Ƙarfin garkuwar ultraviolet na kayan kwalliyar rana yana bayyana ta hanyar kariya ta rana (ƙimar SPF), kuma mafi girman ƙimar SPF, mafi kyawun tasirin hasken rana. Matsakaicin makamashin da ake buƙata don samar da mafi ƙanƙanta erythema da ake iya ganowa don fata da aka lulluɓe da samfuran hasken rana zuwa makamashin da ake buƙata don samar da erythema na digiri ɗaya don fata ba tare da samfuran hasken rana ba.

Kamar yadda nano-TiO2 ke sha da watsar da hasken ultraviolet, ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin mafi kyawun hasken rana na jiki a gida da waje. Gabaɗaya, ikon nano-TiO2 don kare UVB shine sau 3-4 na nano-ZnO.

2.2

Dace girman girman barbashi

Ƙarfin garkuwar ultraviolet na nano-TiO2 an ƙaddara ta hanyar iya ɗaukarsa da ikon watsawa. Karamin girman asalin barbashi na nano-TiO2, yana da ƙarfi ƙarfin sha na ultraviolet. Dangane da ka'idar watsa haske ta Rayleigh, akwai mafi kyawun girman barbashi na asali don matsakaicin ikon watsawa na nano-TiO2 zuwa haskoki na ultraviolet tare da tsayin raƙuman ruwa daban-daban. Gwaje-gwaje kuma sun nuna cewa tsayin tsayin hasken ultraviolet, ƙarfin garkuwar nano-TiO 2 ya dogara da ƙarfin watsawa; Gajeren tsayin raƙuman ruwa, ƙarin garkuwar sa ya dogara da iyawar sa.

2.3

Kyakkyawan tarwatsawa da bayyana gaskiya

Girman ɓangarorin asali na nano-TiO2 yana ƙasa da 100 nm, ƙasa da tsayin hasken da ake iya gani. A ka'ida, nano-TiO2 na iya watsa hasken da ake iya gani lokacin da ya tarwatse gaba daya, don haka a bayyane yake. Saboda gaskiyar nano-TiO2, ba zai rufe fata ba lokacin da aka saka shi cikin kayan kwalliyar hasken rana. Sabili da haka, yana iya nuna kyawun fata na halitta.Transparency yana ɗaya daga cikin mahimman bayanai na nano-TiO2 a cikin kayan kwalliyar rana. A gaskiya ma, Nano-TiO 2 ne m amma ba gaba daya m a sunscreen kayan shafawa, saboda nano-TiO2 yana da kananan barbashi, manyan musamman surface area da kuma musamman high surface makamashi, kuma yana da sauki don samar da aggregates, ta haka rinjayar da dispersibility da kuma nuna gaskiya na samfurori.

2.4

Kyakkyawan juriya yanayi

Nano-TiO 2 don kayan kwalliyar hasken rana yana buƙatar juriya na yanayi (musamman juriya mai haske). Saboda nano-TiO2 yana da ƙananan barbashi da babban aiki, zai haifar da nau'i-nau'i nau'i-nau'i na electron bayan shayar da hasken ultraviolet, kuma wasu nau'i-nau'i na electron-rami za su yi ƙaura zuwa saman, wanda zai haifar da oxygen oxygen da hydroxyl radicals a cikin ruwa da aka sanya a saman. nano-TiO2, wanda ke da karfin iskar oxygenation mai karfi. Zai haifar da canza launin samfurori da wari saboda bazuwar kayan yaji. Don haka, ɗaya ko fiye da keɓaɓɓen yadudduka na zahiri, kamar silica, alumina da zirconia, dole ne a lulluɓe a saman nano-TiO2 don hana ayyukan sa na photochemical.

3. Nau'o'i da ci gaba na nano-TiO2

3.1

Nano-TiO2 foda

Ana sayar da samfuran nano-TiO2 a cikin nau'in foda mai ƙarfi, wanda za'a iya raba zuwa foda hydrophilic da foda lipophilic bisa ga kaddarorin nano-TiO2. Ana amfani da foda na hydrophilic a cikin kayan kwalliyar ruwa, yayin da ake amfani da foda na lipophilic a cikin kayan kwalliyar mai. Hydrophilic powders ana samun su gaba ɗaya ta hanyar magani na inorganic.Mafi yawan waɗannan foda na nano-TiO2 na ƙasashen waje sun sha magani na musamman bisa ga filayen aikace-aikacen su.

3.2

Launin fata nano TiO2

Saboda barbashi nano-TiO2 suna da kyau kuma suna da sauƙin watsa hasken shuɗi tare da ɗan gajeren zango a cikin haske mai iya gani, idan aka haɗa su cikin kayan kwalliyar hasken rana, fata za ta nuna sautin shuɗi kuma ba ta da lafiya. Domin dacewa da launin fata, ana ƙara jajayen pigments kamar baƙin ƙarfe oxide a cikin tsarin kwaskwarima a farkon mataki. Duk da haka, saboda bambanci a cikin yawa da wettability tsakanin nano-TiO2 _2 da baƙin ƙarfe oxide, iyo launuka sau da yawa faruwa.

4. Matsayin samar da nano-TiO2 a kasar Sin

Karamin bincike kan Nano-TiO2 _2 a kasar Sin yana aiki sosai, kuma matakin binciken ka'idar ya kai matakin ci gaba a duniya, amma binciken bincike da injiniyanci da aka yi amfani da shi yana da koma baya, kuma sakamakon bincike da yawa ba za a iya canza shi zuwa kayayyakin masana'antu ba. An fara samar da masana'antu na Nano-TiO2 a kasar Sin a shekarar 1997, fiye da shekaru 10 bayan Japan.

Akwai dalilai guda biyu waɗanda ke iyakance inganci da gasa na kasuwa na samfuran nano-TiO2 a China:

① Binciken fasaha da aka yi amfani da shi yana baya

Binciken fasaha na aikace-aikacen yana buƙatar warware matsalolin ƙara tsari da kimanta tasiri na nano-TiO2 a cikin tsarin haɗin gwiwa. Binciken aikace-aikacen nano-TiO2 a fagage da yawa ba a samu cikakken ci gaba ba, kuma har yanzu ana buƙatar zurfafa bincike a wasu fannoni, kamar kayan gyaran fuska na hasken rana. ba zai iya samar da serial brands don saduwa da buƙatun musamman na fannoni daban-daban.

② Fasahar jiyya ta saman nano-TiO2 yana buƙatar ƙarin nazari

Maganin saman ya haɗa da jiyya na inorganic surface da kuma kwayoyin halitta magani. Fasahar jiyya ta sama ta ƙunshi dabarar wakili na jiyya, fasahar jiyya da kayan aikin jiyya.

5. Bayanin ƙarshe

A gaskiya, ultraviolet garkuwa yi, dispersibility da haske juriya na Nano-TiO2 a sunscreen kayan shafawa ne da muhimmanci fasaha fihirisa yin hukunci da ingancin, da kuma kira tsari da surface jiyya Hanyar nano-TiO2 ne mabuɗin don sanin wadannan fasaha fihirisa.