Neodymium yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi ƙarancin ƙarfe na duniya

A cikin 1839, CGMosander na Sweden ya gano cakuda lanthanum (lan) da praseodymium (pu) da neodymium (nǚ).

Bayan haka, masana kimiyya a duk faɗin duniya sun ba da kulawa ta musamman don ware sabbin abubuwa daga abubuwan da ba kasafai ake gano su ba.

A cikin 1885, AVWelsbach, ɗan Ostiriya, ya gano praseodymium da neodymium daga cakuda praseodymium da neodymium wanda Mossander ya ɗauka a matsayin "sababbin abubuwa". Daya daga cikinsu mai suna neodymium, wanda daga baya aka sauƙaƙa zuwa Neodymium. Alamar Nd neodymium.

Neodymium, praseodymium, gadolinium (gá) da samarium (shan) duk an raba su da didymium, wanda aka ɗauke shi a matsayin sinadari na ƙasa da ba kasafai ba a lokacin. Saboda gano su, didymium baya adanawa. Binciken da suka yi ne ya bude kofa ta uku ga gano abubuwan da ba kasafai ake samun su ba kuma shi ne mataki na uku na gano abubuwan da ba kasafai ake samun su ba. Amma wannan shine rabin aikin a mataki na uku. Daidai, ya kamata a buɗe ƙofar cerium ko kuma a gama rabuwa da cerium, sauran rabin kuma a bude ko kuma a gama rabuwa na yttrium.

Neodymium, alamar sinadarai Nd, farin farin silvery, yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi ƙarancin ƙarfe na duniya, tare da narkewar 1024°C, yawan 7.004 g/㎝, da paramagnetism.

Babban amfani:

Neodymium ya zama wuri mai zafi a kasuwa tsawon shekaru da yawa saboda matsayinsa na musamman a fagen duniyar da ba kasafai ba. Mafi girman mai amfani da ƙarfe neodymium shine NdFeB kayan maganadisu na dindindin. Zuwan NdFeB maganadisu na dindindin ya sanya sabon kuzari a cikin filin fasaha na duniya da ba kasafai ba. NdFeB maganadisu ana kiransa "sarkin na dindindin maganadiso" saboda da high Magnetic makamashi samfurin.It ana amfani da ko'ina a cikin Electronics, inji da sauran masana'antu domin ta kyakkyawan yi.

Ana kuma amfani da Neodymium a cikin kayan da ba na ƙarfe ba. Ƙara 1.5-2.5% neodymium zuwa magnesium ko aluminum gami zai iya inganta aikin zafin jiki mai girma, ƙarfin iska da juriya na lalata, kuma ana amfani dashi sosai azaman kayan sararin samaniya.

Bugu da ƙari, neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet yana samar da katako na laser gajere, wanda aka yi amfani da shi sosai wajen waldawa da yanke kayan bakin ciki tare da kauri a kasa 10mm a masana'antu.

A cikin jiyya, Nd: Ana amfani da laser YAG don cire tiyata ko kashe raunuka maimakon fatar fata. Hakanan ana amfani da Neodymium don canza launin gilashin da kayan yumbu kuma azaman ƙari ga samfuran roba.

Tare da haɓaka kimiyya da fasaha da haɓakawa da haɓaka kimiyyar kimiyya da fasaha na duniya, neodymium zai sami sararin amfani mai faɗi.

Neodymium (Nd) ƙarfe ne na ƙasa da ba kasafai ba. Kodadde rawaya, sauƙi oxidized a cikin iska, amfani da su yin gami da na gani gilashin.

Tare da haihuwar praseodymium, neodymium ya kasance. Zuwan neodymium ya kunna filin da ba kasafai ba, ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin filin da ba kasafai ba, kuma ya yi tasiri ga kasuwar duniya da ba kasafai ba.

Aikace-aikacen Neodymium: Ana amfani da shi don yin yumbu, gilashin shunayya mai haske, ruby ​​na wucin gadi a cikin laser da gilashin musamman mai iya tace hasken infrared. Ana amfani dashi tare da praseodymium don yin tabarau don masu busa gilashi. Mich karfe da aka yi amfani da shi wajen yin ƙarfe shima ya ƙunshi 18% neodymium.

Neodymium oxide Nd2 O3; Nauyin kwayoyin halitta shine 336.40; Lavender m foda, mai sauƙin shafa tare da damp, shayar da carbon dioxide a cikin iska, marar narkewa a cikin ruwa, mai narkewa a cikin inorganic acid. Matsakaicin dangi shine 7.24. Matsayin narkewa yana kusan 1900 ℃, kuma babban valence oxide na neodymium na iya zama wani ɓangare ta hanyar dumama cikin iska.

Amfani: Ana amfani da shi don yin kayan maganadisu na dindindin, masu launi don gilashi da yumbu da kayan laser.

Nanometer neodymium oxide kuma ana amfani dashi don canza launin gilashi da kayan yumbu, samfuran roba da ƙari.

Pr-nd karfe; Tsarin kwayoyin halitta shine Pr-Nd; Kayayyakin: Toshe ƙarfe na Azurfa-launin toka, ƙyalli na ƙarfe, mai sauƙin iskar oxygen. Manufa: An fi amfani da shi azaman kayan maganadisu na dindindin.

Maganin kariya neodymium yana da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi ga idanuwa da mucosa, matsananciyar fushi ga fata, kuma shakar numfashi na iya haifar da kumburin huhu da lalacewar hanta.

Abun aiki:

Haushi da idanu, fata, mucous membrane da kuma numfashi fili.

Magani:

1. Inhalation: bar wurin zuwa iska mai kyau. Idan numfashi yana da wahala, ba da iskar oxygen. Nemi kulawar likita.

2. Ido: ɗaga fatar ido kuma a kurkura da ruwan gudu ko gishiri na yau da kullun. Nemi kulawar likita.

3. Haɗuwa da fata: Cire gurɓatattun tufafi kuma a kurkura da ruwan gudu.

4. Cin abinci: Yawan shan ruwan dumi don jawo amai. Nemi kulawar likita.

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