ʻO Dysprosium, ʻeleʻele 66 o ka pākaukau manawa
Ua kākau ʻo Jia Yi o ka Han Dynasty ma "On Ten Crimes of Qin" "e hōʻiliʻili mākou i nā koa āpau mai ka honua, e hōʻuluʻulu iā lākou ma Xianyang, a kūʻai aku iā lākou". Eia, 'dysprosium' pili ana i ka piko o ka pua. I ka makahiki 1842, ma hope o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o Mossander a ʻike i ka terbium a me ka erbium ma ka honua yttrium, ua hoʻoholo ka nui o nā kemika ma o ka nānā ʻana spectral e loaʻa nā mea ʻē aʻe i ka honua yttrium. ʻEhiku makahiki ma hope mai, ua hoʻokaʻawale maikaʻi ʻia ka honua holmium ʻo Bouvard é rand, me ka holmium kekahi, a ʻo ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe i ʻike ʻia he mea hou, ʻo ia ka dysprosium.
Hiki ke kauoha ʻia nā mea i hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo Dysprosium i loko o nā magnet block ma nā wela kikoʻī, a ua kokoke loa kēia wela i ka wela kahi e hana ai nā mea hana manganese i kēia hana. E hoʻohui ʻia kahi pākēneka o dysprosium i nā magnet mau loa Nd-Fe-B. Ma kahi o 2% ~ 3% wale nō e hiki ke hoʻonui i ka Coercivity i nā magnet mau loa, kahi mea hoʻohui pono i nā magnet Nd-Fe-B. ʻO kekahi mau mea hao boron neodymium e hoʻohana i ka dysprosium e hoʻololi i kahi hapa o ka neodymium e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka pale wela o nā magnet. Me ka dysprosium neodymium iron boron magnets, hiki iā lākou ke loaʻa ke kūpaʻa corrosion kiʻekiʻe a hoʻohana ʻia i nā kaʻa kaʻa kaʻa uila kiʻekiʻe.
ʻO Dysprosiumahoʻopaʻapaʻahe mau lua maikaʻi, a ʻo ka terbium dysprosium iron alloy i hana ʻia he magnetostriction koʻikoʻi a me ka coefficient magnetostriction wela kiʻekiʻe loa ma waena o nā mea. Ke hoʻohana nei i kekahi mau kristal paʻakai dysprosium Paramagnetism, ua hana nā ʻepekema i kahi pahu hau me ka insulation wela a me ka demagnetization.
Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ke kumu o ka ʻenehana hoʻopaʻa leo magnetic i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea hoʻopaʻa leo kila i ka makahiki 1875. I kēia mau lā, hoʻohui ka hoʻopaʻa leo magneto-optical i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka optical a me ka magnetic, me ka nui o ka mālama ʻana a me ka hana holoi pinepine. He kiʻekiʻe ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana a me ka naʻau heluhelu ʻo Dysprosium.
Hoʻomākaukau ʻia ke kukui dysprosium no nā kukui kukui me ka dysprosium aholmium. ʻO nā kukui Dysprosium nā kukui hoʻokuʻu kinoea kiʻekiʻe, ʻaʻole like me nā kukui incandescent maʻamau e hoʻomālamalama i nā uea tungsten. ʻOiai e hoʻokuʻu ana i ka mālamalama, hana pū lākou i ka wela. Ma kahi o 70% o ka ikehu uila e hoʻololi ʻia i ikehu wela. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka manawa hoʻohana, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka mahana, a ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka puhi ʻana i nā uea tungsten. Hoʻopuka nā kukui Dysprosium i ka mālamalama ma o ka electrification o ke kinoea ma ke kaomi haʻahaʻa, a ʻo ka hapa nui o ka ikehu uila hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia i ka ikehu māmā, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ikehu, ʻoi aku ka mālamalama, a ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ke ola. Ma lalo o ka lako ikehu hoʻokahi, hiki iā lākou ke hana i ʻekolu manawa i ka ʻōlinolino o nā kukui incandescent. ʻO ke kukui Dysprosium kahi ʻano kukui Metal-halide, i hoʻopiha ʻia me Dysprosium (III) iodide, Thallium (I) iodide, mercury, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, a hiki ke hoʻokuʻu i kāna kikoʻī kikoʻī kūʻokoʻa. Loaʻa i ka kukui kukui dysprosium ke kukui uila. Loaʻa iā ia ka ikaika Radiant kiʻekiʻe a me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa infrared ma kahi ākea ākea mai ke kukui uliuli a i ke kukui ʻulaʻula ʻalani. He kumu kukui maikaʻi ia no nā hoʻokolohua mahiʻai, mahiʻai, a me ka wikiwiki o ka ulu ʻana. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia he kukui hopena biological, kūpono ia no nā pahu aniani artificial, pahu biological artificial, greenhouses, a me nā manawa ʻē aʻe. Hiki ke ulu maikaʻi nā mea kanu.
Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā mea luminescent Dysprosium doped e like me nā phosphor tricolor e hana i nā mea hoʻoulu phosphor.
Loaʻa i ka Dysprosium ka hiki ke hopu i nā neutrons a loaʻa iā ia kahi ʻāpana keʻa hopu Neutron nui, no laila e hoʻohana ʻia e ana i ka spectrum neutron a i ʻole ma ke ʻano he neutron absorber i ka ʻoihana ikehu atomic.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Jul-03-2023