Tantalumʻo ia ke kolu o ka metala refractory ma hopetungstenarhenium. Loaʻa i ka Tantalum nā waiwai maikaʻi loa e like me ke kiʻekiʻe heheʻe, ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ka maikaʻi o ka hana anuanu, ke kūpaʻa kemika kiʻekiʻe, ke kūpaʻa ikaika i ka wai metala corrosion, a me ke kiʻekiʻe dielectric mau o ka kiʻiʻoniʻoni ʻokiʻoki. Loaʻa iā ia nā noi nui ma nā ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe e like me ka uila, metallurgy, ke kila, ka ʻoihana kemika, nā alloys paʻakikī, ka ikehu atomic, ka ʻenehana superconducting, ka uila uila, aerospace, ke olakino a me ke olakino, a me ka noiʻi ʻepekema. I kēia manawa, ʻo ka noi nui o ka tantalum ka tantalum capacitors.
Pehea i ʻike ʻia ai ka tantalum?
I ka waena o ke kenekulia 7, ua hoʻouna ʻia kahi mineral ʻeleʻele nui i ʻike ʻia ma ʻAmelika ʻĀkau i ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike Pelekane no ka mālama ʻana. Ma hope o 150 mau makahiki, a hiki i ka makahiki 1801, ua ʻae ʻo Charles Hatchett ka mea hoʻokalakupua Pelekania i ka hana loiloi o kēia mineral mai ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike Pelekane a loaʻa i kahi mea hou mai ia mea, kapa ʻia ʻo Columbium (i kapa hou ʻia ʻo Niobium). I ka makahiki 1802, ua ʻike ʻo Anders Gustav Eckberg, mea hoʻomaʻamaʻa Suedena i kahi mea hou ma ke kālailai ʻana i kahi mineral (niobium tantalum ore) ma ka Scandinavian Peninsula, a ua hoʻololi ʻia kona waikawa i nā paʻakai pālua fluoride a laila hoʻihoʻi hou ʻia. Ua kapa ʻo ia i kēia mea ʻo Tantalum ma hope o Tantalus, ke keiki a Zeus ma ka moʻolelo Helene.
I ka makahiki 1864, ua hōʻike maopopo ʻo Christian William Blomstrang, Henry Edin St. Clair Deville, a me Louis Joseph Trost ʻo ka tantalum a me ka niobium ʻelua mau mea kemika ʻokoʻa a ua hoʻoholo i nā hoʻohālikelike kemika no kekahi mau pūhui pili. I ka makahiki hoʻokahi, ua hoʻomehana ʻo Demalinia i ka tantalum chloride i loko o kahi kaiapuni hydrogen a hana i ka metala tantalum no ka manawa mua ma o ka hopena hoʻemi. Ua hana mua ʻo Werner Bolton i ka metala tantalum maʻemaʻe i ka makahiki 1903. ʻO nā kānaka ʻepekema ka mea mua i hoʻohana i ke ʻano crystallization layered e unuhi i ka tantalum mai ka niobium. Ua ʻike ʻia kēia ʻano hana e Demalinia i ka makahiki 1866. ʻO ke ʻano i hoʻohana ʻia e ka poʻe ʻepekema i kēia lā, ʻo ia ka wehe ʻana i ka solvent o nā solution tantalum me ka fluoride.
Moʻolelo hoʻomohala o ka ʻoihana tantalum
ʻOiai ua ʻike ʻia ka tantalum i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kenekulia 19, ʻaʻole i ka makahiki 1903 i hana ʻia ai ka tantalum metallic, a ua hoʻomaka ka hana ʻana o ka tantalum i ka makahiki 1922. No laila, hoʻomaka ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻoihana tantalum honua i nā makahiki 1920, a ua hoʻomaka ka ʻoihana tantalum o Kina ma 1956. ʻO ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa ka ʻāina mua ma ka honua i hoʻomaka i ka hana ʻana i ka tantalum, a ua hoʻomaka i ka hana ʻoihana ʻenehana i ka tantalum metallic ma 1922. Ua hoʻomaka ʻo Iapana a me nā ʻāina kapitalista ʻē aʻe i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻoihana tantalum i ka hopena o 1950s a i ʻole 1960s mua. Ma hope o nā makahiki he ʻumi o ka hoʻomohala ʻana, ua hōʻea ka hana ʻoihana tantalum honua i kahi pae nui. Mai ka 1990s, aia ʻekolu mau hui hana tantalum nui: Cabot Group mai ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, HCST Group mai Kelemānia, a me Ningxia Oriental Tantalum Industry Co., Ltd. mai Kina. Hoʻopuka kēia mau pūʻulu ʻekolu ma luna o 80% o nā huahana tantalum āpau o ka honua. ʻO nā huahana, ʻenehana kaʻina hana, a me ka pae o ka ʻoihana tantalum ma waho he kiʻekiʻe, e kūpono ana i nā pono o ka ulu wikiwiki ʻana o ka ʻepekema honua a me ka ʻenehana.
Ua hoʻomaka ka ʻoihana tantalum ma Kina i ka makahiki 1960. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana a me ka hana ʻana o ka tantalum ma Kina, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hana, ka pae ʻenehana, ka pae huahana, a me ka maikaʻi ma hope o nā ʻāina kūkulu. Mai ka 1990s, ʻoi aku hoʻi mai ka makahiki 1995, ua hōʻike ka hana a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka tantalum ma Kina i kahi ulu wikiwiki. I kēia mau lā, ua hoʻokō ka ʻoihana tantalum o Kina i ka hoʻololi ʻana mai ka liʻiliʻi a i ka nui, mai ka pūʻali koa a i ke kīwila, a mai loko a i waho, e hana ana i ka ʻōnaehana ʻoihana wale nō o ka honua mai ka mining, hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, ka hana ʻana i ka noi. Ua komo nā huahana kiʻekiʻe, waena, a me nā haʻahaʻa i ka mākeke honua ma nā ʻano āpau. Ua lilo ʻo Kina i ke kolu o ka ʻāina ikaika loa ma ka honua i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana a me ka hana ʻana i ka tantalum, a ua komo ʻo ia i nā kūlana o nā ʻāina ʻoihana tantalum nui o ka honua.
Ke kūlana hoʻomohala o ka ʻoihana Tantalum ma Kina
Ke kū nei ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻoihana tantalum o Kina i kekahi mau pilikia. Inā he haʻahaʻa ka waiwai maka a me ka liʻiliʻi o nā waihona waiwai. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o nā kumu waiwai tantalum i hōʻoia ʻia o Kina, ʻo ia nā veins mineral paʻakikī, ka hui ʻana o ka mineral paʻakikī, haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa Ta2O5 i loko o ka ʻeleʻele kumu, ka nui o ka mineral embedding particle size, a me nā kumu waiwai liʻiliʻi, e paʻakikī ke kūkulu hou i nā mines nui. ʻOiai ka tantalum nuiniobiumua ʻike ʻia nā waihona i nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ʻaʻole maopopo i nā kūlana geological a me nā mineral, a me nā loiloi waiwai. No laila, aia nā pilikia koʻikoʻi me ka hoʻolako ʻana i nā kumu kumu tantalum mua ma Kina.
Ke kū nei ka ʻoihana tantalum ma Kina i kahi pilikia ʻē aʻe, ʻo ia ka lawa ʻole o ka hiki ke hoʻomohala i nā huahana kiʻekiʻe. ʻAʻole hiki ke hōʻole ʻia ʻoiai ua holomua nui ka ʻenehana ʻoihana tantalum a me nā lako hana a loaʻa iā ia ka mana hana e hoʻohua nui i nā huahana tantalum piha, ʻo ke kūlana hilahila o ka overcapacity ma waena a haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a ʻaʻole lawa ka mana hana no ke kiʻekiʻe. ʻO nā huahana e like me ke kiʻekiʻe kikoʻī kikoʻī kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe-voltage tantalum pauka a me ka tantalum target mea no semiconductors paʻakikī ke hoʻohuli. Ma muli o ka liʻiliʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana a me ka lawa ʻole o ka ikaika hoʻokele o nā ʻoihana ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe o ka home, ua hoʻopilikia ʻia ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā huahana kiʻekiʻe i ka ʻoihana tantalum o Kina. Mai ka hiʻohiʻona o nā ʻoihana, ʻaʻohe alakaʻi a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana o ka ʻoihana tantalum. I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua ulu wikiwiki nā ʻoihana hoʻoheheʻe tantalum a me ka hoʻoili ʻana mai ka 5 a hiki i ka 20, me ka hana hou ʻana o ke kūkulu ʻana a me ka overcapacity koʻikoʻi.
I nā makahiki o ka hana honua, ua hoʻomaikaʻi nā ʻoihana tantalum Kina i kā lākou kaʻina hana a me nā mea hana, hoʻonui i ka nui o ka huahana, ʻano like ʻole, a me ka maikaʻi, a komo i nā pae o ka hana ʻoihana tantalum nui a me nā ʻāina noi. I ka wā e hoʻoponopono hou ai mākou i nā pilikia o nā mea maka, ka hana ʻana i nā huahana ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe, a me ka hoʻoponopono hou ʻana i nā ʻoihana, e komo maoli ka ʻoihana tantalum o Kina i nā kūlana o nā mana honua.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Sep-05-2024