ʻO nā mea hoʻohui honua koʻikoʻi: He aha nā mea hoʻohana o ka pauka yttrium oxide?
He kumu waiwai koʻikoʻi ka Rare Earth, a he kuleana koʻikoʻi kona i ka hana ʻoihana. ʻO ke aniani kaʻa, ka resonance magnetic nuklea, ka fiber optical, ka hōʻike aniani wai, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka honua laha. Ma waena o lākou, ʻo yttrium (Y) kekahi o nā mea metala honua laha a he ʻano metala hina. Eia nō naʻe, ma muli o kona ʻike kiʻekiʻe i ka ʻōpala o ka honua, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ke kumukūʻai a hoʻohana nui ʻia.
Yttrium Metal
Ma waena o lākou, ʻo ka yttrium oxide (Y2O3) ka pūhui yttrium koʻikoʻi. ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai a me ka alkali, hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka waika, a he ʻano like me ka pauka crystalline keʻokeʻo (no ka ʻōnaehana cubic ka hale aniani). Loaʻa iā ia ka paʻa kemika maikaʻi loa a aia ma lalo o ka momi. ʻO ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ke kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe, ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion, ka dielectric kiʻekiʻe, ka transparency (infrared) a me nā mea maikaʻi ʻē aʻe, no laila ua hoʻohana ʻia ma nā ʻano he nui. He aha nā mea kikoʻī? E nānā kākou.
ʻO ke ʻano aniani o ka yttrium oxide
01 Synthesis o yttrium stabilized zirconia pauda. ʻO nā hoʻololi o ka māhele e hiki mai ana i ka wā o ka hoʻoluʻu ʻana o ka ZrO2 maʻemaʻe mai ka wela kiʻekiʻe a hiki i ka wela lumi: ʻāpana cubic (c) → māhele tetragonal (t) → māhele monoclinic (m), kahi e hiki ai ke t ma 1150°C →m hoʻololi ʻāpana, hele pū ʻia me ka hoʻonui nui ʻana o kahi 5%. Eia naʻe, inā paʻa ka t→m phase transition point o ZrO2 i ka lumi wela, ua hoʻoulu ʻia ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka t→m e ke koʻikoʻi i ka wā o ka hoʻouka ʻana. , no laila e hōʻike ana ka mea i ka ikehu hakihaki abnormally kiʻekiʻe, no laila e hōʻike ana ka mea i kahi ʻano haʻihaʻi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, e hopena i ka paʻakikī o ka hoʻololi ʻana, a me ka paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe a me ke kūpaʻa lole kiʻekiʻe. ka wahine.
No ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka zirconia ceramics, pono e hoʻohui ʻia kahi stabilizer a ma lalo o kekahi mau kūlana ahi, ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe-tetragonal paʻa paʻa ʻana i ka pae-tetragonal meta-stabilization i ka lumi wela, e loaʻa i kahi pae tetragonal i hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia i ka manawa o ka lumi. . ʻO ia ka hopena paʻa o nā stabilizers ma zirconia. ʻO Y2O3 ka mea i noiʻi nui ʻia ʻo zirconium oxide stabilizer a hiki i kēia manawa. ʻO ka sintered Y-TZP mea i loaʻa nā waiwai mechanical maikaʻi loa ma ka lumi wela, ikaika kiʻekiʻe, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka haʻihaʻi ʻana, a me ka nui o ka palaoa o ka mea i loko o kāna hui he liʻiliʻi a ʻaʻahu, no laila ua loaʻa. ua hoihoi hou ia ka noonoo. 02 Nā kōkua hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻO ka sintering o nā seramika kūikawā he nui ke komo ʻana o nā mea kōkua sintering. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ke kuleana o nā mea kōkua sintering i kēia mau ʻāpana: hana i kahi hopena paʻa me ka sinter; Kāohi i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke ʻano aniani; keʻakeʻa i ka ulu ʻana o ka palaoa kristal; hoʻohua wai. No ka laʻana, i ka sintering o ka alumina, hoʻohui pinepine ʻia ka magnesium oxide MgO ma ke ʻano he microstructure stabilizer i ka wā o ke kaʻina sintering. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka palaoa, hoʻemi nui i ka ʻokoʻa o ka ikehu palena o ka palaoa, hoʻonāwaliwali i ka anisotropy o ka ulu ʻana o ka palaoa, a kāohi i ka ulu ʻana o ka palaoa Discontinuous. No ka mea, he nui loa ka MgO i nā wela kiʻekiʻe, i mea e loaʻa ai nā hopena maikaʻi, ua hui pinepine ʻia ka Yttrium oxide me MgO. Hiki i ka Y2O3 ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā hua aniani a hoʻoikaika i ka densification sintering. ʻO 03YAG pauka synthetic yttrium alumini garnet (Y3Al5O12) he mea i hana ʻia e ke kanaka, ʻaʻohe mineral maoli, kala ʻole, hiki i ka paʻakikī Mohs ke hiki i 8.5, ka helu hoʻoheheʻe 1950 ℃, insoluble i ka sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, hydrofluoric acid, etc. kiʻekiʻe wela kaʻina hana paʻa mea he kuʻuna hana no ka hoʻomākaukau YAG pauka.According i ka lakio loaa i ʻO ke kiʻikuhi pālua o ka yttrium oxide a me ka alumini oxide, ua hui ʻia nā pauka ʻelua a puhi ʻia i ka wela kiʻekiʻe, a ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka pauka YAG ma o ka hopena paʻa i waena o nā oxides. Ma lalo o nā kūlana wela kiʻekiʻe, i ka hopena o ka alumina a me ka yttrium oxide, e hoʻokumu mua ʻia nā mesophases YAM a me YAP, a ma hope e hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo YAG.
ʻO ke kaʻina hana solid-phase kiʻekiʻe no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka pauka YAG he nui nā noi. No ka laʻana, liʻiliʻi kona nui pili Al-O a kiʻekiʻe ka ikehu pili. Ma lalo o ka hopena o nā electrons, ua paʻa ka hana optical, a hiki i ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā mea o ka honua hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi nui i ka hana luminescence o ka phosphor. A hiki i ka YAG ke lilo i phosphor ma ka doping me nā trivalent rare earth ions e like me Ce3 + a me Eu3 +. Eia kekahi, ʻike maikaʻi ʻia ke aniani YAG, paʻa mau ke kino a me nā waiwai kemika, ka ikaika mechanical kiʻekiʻe, a me ke kūpaʻa thermal creep maikaʻi. He mea kalakala laser ia me ka nui o nā noi a me ka hana kūpono.
ʻO YAG crystal 04 transparent ceramic yttrium oxide ka mea nui o ka noiʻi ʻana ma ke kahua o nā keramika aniani. Aia ia i ka ʻōnaehana kristal cubic a loaʻa iā ia nā waiwai optical isotropic o kēlā me kēia axis. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka anisotropy o ka alumina māmā, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ke kiʻi, no laila, ua hoʻohālikelike ʻia a hoʻomohala ʻia e nā lens kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole nā puka aniani o ka pūʻali koa. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona nui o kona mau kino kino a me nā mea kemika: ①High heheeheʻe kiʻekiʻe,ʻO ka paʻa kemika a me ka photochemical maikaʻi, a he ākea ka laulā opua (0.23 ~ 8.0μm); ②At 1050nm, kona refractive index he kiʻekiʻe e like me 1.89, ka mea i loaʻa iā ia ka theoretical transmittance oi aku ma mua o 80%; ③Y2O3 hiki ke hoʻopili pono ʻia e ka doping o nā ion honua laha ʻole. ; ④He haʻahaʻa ka ikehu phonon, a ʻo ka nui o ka ʻoki ʻoki ʻana i ka phonon ma kahi o 550cm-1. Hiki i ka ikehu phonon haʻahaʻa ke hoʻopau i ka hiki ke hoʻololi i ka hoʻololi ʻole, hoʻonui i ka hiki ke hoʻololi i ka radiation, a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka luminescence quantum Efficiency; ⑤High thermal conductivity, ma kahi o 13.6W/(m·K), kiʻekiʻe thermal conductivity
mea nui no ia ma ke ʻano he mea paʻa laser medium.
ʻO Yttrium oxide transparent ceramics i hoʻomohala ʻia e ka Kamishima Chemical Company o Iapana
ʻO ka helu hoʻoheheʻe o Y2O3 e pili ana i 2690 ℃, a ʻo ka mahana sintering i ka lumi wela ma kahi o 1700 ~ 1800 ℃. No ka hana ʻana i nā seramika māmā, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kaomi wela a me ka sintering. Ma muli o kāna mau waiwai kino a me nā kemika maikaʻi loa, hoʻohana nui ʻia ka Y2O3 transparent ceramics a hiki ke hoʻomohala ʻia, e like me: missile infrared windows a me domes, ʻike ʻia a me nā lens infrared, nā kukui hoʻokuʻu kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, nā scintillators ceramic, nā laser ceramic a me nā māla ʻē aʻe.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Nov-25-2021