ʻO ka Nanotechnology kahi kahua interdisciplinary e kū nei i hoʻomohala mālie i ka hopena o 1980s a me ka 1990s mua. Ma muli o kona mana nui e hana i nā kaʻina hana hou, nā mea waiwai, a me nā huahana, e hoʻomaka ia i kahi kipi ʻenehana hou i ke kenekulia hou. ʻO ka pae hoʻomohala o kēia manawa o ka nanoscience a me ka nanotechnology ua like ia me ko ka lolouila a me ka ʻenehana ʻike i nā makahiki 1950. Manaʻo ka hapa nui o ka poʻe ʻepekema i kēia kahua e loaʻa i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka nanotechnology ka hopena ākea a hohonu i nā ʻano he nui o ka ʻenehana. Manaʻo nā kānaka ʻepekema he mau waiwai ʻē aʻe a me nā waiwai kūʻokoʻa, a me nā hopena palena nui e alakaʻi ai i nā waiwai ʻē aʻe o nanohonua lahaLoaʻa i nā mea waiwai ka hopena o ka ʻili, ka hopena liʻiliʻi, ka hopena interface, ka hopena transparency, ka hopena tunneling, a me ka hopena quantum macroscopic. Hoʻokaʻawale kēia mau hopena i nā waiwai kino o nā ʻōnaehana nano mai nā mea maʻamau, e like me ke kukui, ka uila, ka wela, a me ka magnetism, ka hopena i nā hiʻohiʻona hou. ʻEkolu mau kuhikuhi nui no nā kānaka ʻepekema e hiki mai ana e noiʻi a hoʻomohala i ka nanotechnology: ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā nanomaterials kiʻekiʻe; Hoʻolālā a hoʻomākaukau i nā mea hana nano like ʻole; E ʻimi a nānā i nā waiwai o nā ʻāpana nano. I kēia manawa, aia kekahi mau kuhikuhi noi no ka nanohonua lahas, a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka nano e hiki mai ananā ʻāina rarepono e hoʻomohala hou.
Nano lanthanum oxideHoʻohana ʻia i nā mea piezoelectric, nā mea electrothermal, nā mea thermoelectric, nā mea magnetoresistive, nā mea luminescent (blue powder) nā mea mālama hydrogen, nā aniani optical, nā mea laser, nā mea hoʻoheheʻe like ʻole, nā catalysts no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā huahana kemika, a me nā catalysts no ka neutralizing automotive exhaust. Hoʻohana ʻia nā kiʻi ʻoniʻoni mahiʻai hoʻololi māmā inano lanthanum oxide.
ʻO nā hoʻohana nui onano ceriae komo pū me: 1. Ma ke ʻano he aniani hoʻohui,nano ceriahiki ke komo i nā kukui ultraviolet a me ka infrared a ua hoʻohana ʻia i ke aniani kaʻa. ʻAʻole hiki iā ia ke pale wale i ka radiation ultraviolet, akā hiki iā ia ke hoʻemi i ka mahana i loko o ke kaʻa, a laila e mālama ai i ka uila no ka ea ea. 2. Ka noi onano cerium oxidei ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe hoʻomaʻemaʻe kaʻa kaʻa hiki ke pale pono i ka nui o ke kinoea hoʻokuʻu kaʻa mai ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia i ka lewa. 3.Nano cerium oxidehiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i nā puaʻa e kala i nā plastics a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i nā ʻoihana e like me ka uhi, ka inika, a me ka pepa. 4. Ka noi onano ceriai loko o nā mea polishing ua ʻike nui ʻia ma ke ʻano he koi kiʻekiʻe no ka polishing silicon wafers a me ka sapphire single crystal substrates. 5. Eia kekahi,nano ceriaHiki ke hoʻopili ʻia i nā mea mālama hydrogen, nā mea thermoelectric,nano ceriatungsten electrodes, capacitors seramika, piezoelectric keramika,nano ceria kalapona kalaponanā mea abrasive, nā mea hoʻoheheʻe wahie, nā mea hoʻoheheʻe ʻaila, kekahi mau mea hoʻokalakupua paʻa, nā kila hoʻohuihui like ʻole, a me nā metala non-ferrous.
NanomekaPraseodymium Oxide (Pr6O11)
ʻO nā hoʻohana nui onano praseodymium oxidee komo: 1. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ia i ke kūkulu ʻana i nā seramika a me nā seramika i kēlā me kēia lā. Hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia me ka ceramic glaze e hana i ke kala kala, a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e like me ka puaʻa underglaze wale nō. ʻO ka puaʻa i hana ʻia he melemele māmā, me kahi leo kala maʻemaʻe a nani. 2. Hoʻohana ʻia no ka hana ʻana i nā magnet mau loa, hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā mea uila like ʻole a me nā kaʻa. 3. Hoʻohana ʻia no ka petroleum catalytic cracking, hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana catalytic, selectivity, a me ke kūpaʻa. 4.Nano praseodymium oxidehiki ke hoʻohana no ka abrasive polishing. Eia hou, ka hoʻohana 'ana inano praseodymium oxidema ke kahua o nā fibers optical e hoʻolaha nui ʻia ana.
Nanomeka neodymium oxide (Nd2O3)
Nanomeka neodymium oxideelement ua lilo i kumuhana wela o ka noonoo makeke no na makahiki he nui ma muli o kona kūlana kūikawā ma kahonua lahakahua.Nanomeka neodymium oxidehoʻohana pū ʻia i nā mea metala non-ferrous. Hoʻohui i ka 1.5% i ka 2.5%nano neodymium oxidei ka magnesium a i ʻole nā alumini alumini hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana kiʻekiʻe-mehana, airtightness, a me ka corrosion kūpaʻa o ka alloy, a hoʻohana nui ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea aerospace. Eia kekahi, nano yttrium alumini garnet doped menano neodymium oxidee hoʻopuka i nā kukuna laser hawewe pōkole, i hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka ʻoihana no ka wili a me ka ʻoki ʻana i nā mea lahilahi me ka mānoanoa o lalo o 10mm. Ma ka hana lapaʻau, nanoalumini yttriumʻO nā lasers garnet doped menano neodymium oxidehoʻohana ʻia ma kahi o nā pahi ʻokiʻoki no ka wehe ʻana i nā ʻeha hoʻomaʻamaʻa a disinfect paha.Nano neodymium oxidehoʻohana ʻia no ka kala ʻana i nā aniani a me nā mea seramika, a me nā huahana lāʻau a me nā mea hoʻohui.
ʻO nā hoʻohana nui onanoscale samarium oxidee hoʻokomo i kona kala melemele māmā, i hoʻohana ʻia i nā capacitors seramika a me nā catalysts. Kahi mea hou aʻe,nano samarium oxideloaʻa nō hoʻi nā waiwai nuklea a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻolālā, mea pale, a me nā mea hoʻomalu no nā mea hoʻoheheʻe atomika, e hiki ai ke hoʻohana palekana i ka ikehu nui i hana ʻia e ka nuclear fission.
Nanoscaleeuropium oxide (Eu2O3)
Nanoscale europium oxideHoʻohana nui ʻia i nā pauka fluorescent. Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Eu3+ ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻoikaika no nā phosphors ʻulaʻula, a hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Eu2 + no nā phosphors uliuli. I kēia mau lā, Y0O3: ʻO Eu3+ ka phosphor maikaʻi loa no ka pono luminescence, ka paʻa o ka uhi ʻana, a me ka hoʻihoʻi kālā. Eia kekahi, me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā ʻenehana e like me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka pono luminescence a me ka ʻokoʻa, hoʻohana nui ʻia. I kēia mau lā,nano europium oxideua hoʻohana pū ʻia ma ke ʻano he phosphor emission i hoʻoulu ʻia i nā ʻōnaehana diagnostic olakino X-ray hou. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Nano europium oxide no ka hana ʻana i nā lens kala a me nā kānana optical, no nā mea mālama pahu magnetic, a me nā mea hoʻomalu, nā mea pale, a me nā mea hana o nā reactors atomic. Ua hoʻomākaukau ʻia ka pauka ʻulaʻula gadolinium europium oxide (Y2O3Eu3+) me ka hoʻohana ʻana.nano yttrium oxide (Y2O3) anano europium oxide (Eu2O3) ma ke ano he mau mea maka. I ka hoomakaukau anahonua lahaʻO ka pauda fluorescent tricolor, ua ʻike ʻia: (a) hiki ke hui maikaʻi me ka pauda ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me ka pauda uliuli; (b) Hana maikaʻi i ka uhi ʻana; (c) Ma muli o ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi o ka pauka ʻulaʻula, piʻi ka ʻāpana kikoʻī kikoʻī, a piʻi ka nui o nā ʻāpana luminescent, hiki ke hōʻemi i ka nui o ka pauka ʻulaʻula i hoʻohana ʻia i loko.honua lahatricolor phosphors, ka hopena i ka emi ʻana o ke kumukūʻai.
ʻO kāna mau hoʻohana nui, ʻo ia hoʻi: 1. Hiki i kāna mea hoʻoheheʻe wai-soluble paramagnetic complex ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hōʻailona kiʻi magnetic resonance (NMR) o ke kino kanaka i nā noi olakino. 2. Hiki ke ho'ohana 'ia ka sulfur oxides kumu ma ke 'ano he matrix grids no nā paipu oscilloscope 'ōlinolino kūikawā a me nā pale fluorescence X-ray. 3. Kanano gadolinium oxide in nano gadolinium oxideʻO ka gallium garnet kahi substrate hoʻokahi kūpono no ka hoʻomanaʻo hoʻomanaʻo hoʻomanaʻo magnetic bubble. 4. Inā ʻaʻohe palena o ka pōʻai Camot, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻoheheʻe magnetic paʻa. 5. Hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea paʻa no ka hoʻomalu ʻana i ka pae hopena o nā mea kanu nuklea e hōʻoia i ka palekana o nā hopena nuklea. Eia hou, ka hoʻohana 'ana inano gadolinium oxidea me ka nano lanthanum oxide e kōkua pū i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka ʻāpana hoʻololi aniani a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka paʻa wela o ke aniani.Nano gadolinium oxideHiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka hana ʻana i nā capacitors a me nā pale X-ray intensifying. Ke hana ʻia nei nā hoʻoikaika ʻana ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa e hoʻomohala i ka noi onano gadolinium oxidea me kona mau huila i loko o ka hoʻoluʻu magnetic, a ua hana ʻia nā breakthroughs.
Nanomekaterbium oxide (Tb4O7)
ʻO nā wahi noi nui: 1. Hoʻohana ʻia ka pauka Fluorescent ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻoulu no ka pauka ʻōmaʻomaʻo i loko o ʻekolu mau pauka fluorescent kala mua, e like me ka phosphate matrix i hoʻāla ʻia enano terbium oxide, silicate matrix ho'ā 'ia enano terbium oxide, a me ka nano cerium magnesium aluminate matrix i ho'ā 'ia enano terbium oxide, nā mea a pau e hoʻopuka ana i nā kukui'ōmaʻomaʻo i ke kūlana hauʻoli. 2. I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua mālama ʻia ka noiʻi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana manano terbium oxidenā mea magneto-optical no ka mālama ʻana i ka magneto-optical. Hoʻokumu ʻia kahi disk magneto-optical me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni ʻoniʻoni amorphous Tb-Fe ma ke ʻano he mea mālama kamepiula hiki ke hoʻonui i ka hiki ke mālama ʻia e 10-15 mau manawa. 3. Makaaniani makamae, Faraday rotatory glass i lokonano terbium oxide, he mea nui i hoʻohana ʻia i ka hana ʻana i nā rotators, isolator, a me nā kani i hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka ʻenehana laser.Nano terbium oxidea ua hoʻohana nui ʻia ka nano dysprosium iron oxide i ka sonar a ua hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole, mai nā ʻōnaehana hoʻoheheʻe wahie, ka mana o ka valve wai, ka micro positioning i nā mea hana mechanical, nā mīkini, a me nā mea hoʻoponopono ʻēheu no nā mokulele a me nā telescopes.
ʻO nā hoʻohana nui onano dysprosium oxide (Dy2O3) nano dysprosium oxidehe: 1.Nano dysprosium oxideHoʻohana ʻia e like me ka mea hoʻoulu ʻana i ka pauka fluorescent, a me trivalentnano dysprosium oxidehe ion ho'ā ho'ohiki no ke kikowaena luminescent ho'okahi 'ekolu mea luminescent kala kumu. ʻO ka mea nui i haku ʻia i ʻelua mau pūʻali hoʻokuʻu, hoʻokahi ka hoʻokuʻu kukui melemele, a ʻo kekahi he kukui kukui polū. ʻO ka mea luminescent doped menano dysprosium oxidehiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e like me ka pauka fluorescent kala mua ʻekolu. 2.Nano dysprosium oxidehe mea pono metala maka no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka hao magnetostrictive nuinano terbium oxidenano dysprosium iron oxide (Terfenol) alloy, hiki ke hoʻokō i kekahi mau neʻe mechanical pololei. 3.Nano dysprosium oxidehiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ke metala ma ke ʻano he mea mālama magneto-optical me ka wikiwiki hoʻopaʻa kiʻekiʻe a me ka naʻau heluhelu. 4. Hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻananano dysprosium oxidenā kukui, ka mea hana i hoʻohana ʻia manano dysprosium oxidenā kukuinano dysprosium oxide. Loaʻa i kēia ʻano kukui nā mea maikaʻi e like me ka ʻōlinolino kiʻekiʻe, ke kala maikaʻi, ke kiʻekiʻe o ka waihoʻoluʻu wela, ka liʻiliʻi, a me ke arc kūpaʻa. Ua hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he kumu kukui no nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni, paʻi, a me nā noi kukui ʻē aʻe. 5. Ma muli o ka nui neutron hopu cross-sectional wahi onano dysprosium oxide, hoʻohana ʻia ia i loko o ka ʻoihana ikehu atomic e ana i ka spectra neutron a i ʻole ma ke ʻano he neutron absorber.
ʻO nā hoʻohana nui onano holmium oxidee komo pū me: 1. ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻohui no nā kukui halide metala. ʻO nā kukui halide metala kahi ʻano kukui hoʻokuʻu kinoea i hoʻomohala ʻia ma ke kumu o nā kukui mercury kiʻekiʻe, i hōʻike ʻia e ka hoʻopiha ʻana i ka ʻōpala me nā ʻano like ʻole.honua lahahalida. I kēia manawa, ʻo ka hoʻohana nuihonua lahaiodide, ka mea e hoʻopuka i nā kala spectral like ʻole i ka wā e hoʻokuʻu ʻia ai ke kinoea. ʻO ka mea hana i hoʻohana ʻia i kanano holmium oxideʻo ke kukui iodizednano holmium oxide, hiki ke hoʻokō i kahi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o nā ʻātoma metala ma ka ʻāpana arc, e hoʻomaikaʻi nui ana i ka pono radiation. 2.Nano holmium oxidehiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i mea hoʻohui no ka hao yttrium a i ʻolealumini yttriumgarnet; 3.Nano holmium oxidehiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e like me ka yttrium hao alumini garnet (Ho: YAG) e hoʻokuʻu i ka laser 2 μ M, ke kino kanaka ma 2 μ ʻO ka nui o ka absorption o ka m laser he kiʻekiʻe, aneane ʻekolu mau kauoha o ka nui ma mua o ka Hd: YAG0. No laila i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka laser Ho: YAG no ka ʻoki kino ʻana, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi wale ʻia ka maikaʻi a me ka pololei o ka hana, akā hiki ke hoʻemi ʻia ka wahi pōʻino wela i kahi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi. ʻO ke kukui manuahi i hana ʻia enano holmium oxidehiki i nā kristal ke hoʻopau i ka momona me ka hana ʻole i ka wela nui, a laila e hōʻemi i ka pōʻino wela i nā ʻiʻo olakino. Ua hōʻike ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana onano holmium oxidenā lasers ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa no ka mālama ʻana i ka glaucoma hiki ke hōʻemi i ka ʻeha o nā maʻi e hana ʻia ana. 4. I loko o ka magnetostrictive alloy Terfenol D, he uuku nui onano holmium oxidehiki ke hoʻohui ʻia e hōʻemi i ka māla waho e pono ai no ka saturation magnetization o ka alloy. 5. Eia kekahi, hiki ke hana ʻia nā mea kamaʻilio optical e like me ka fiber lasers, fiber amplifiers, a me nā fiber sensor me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā fiber doped menano holmium oxide, ka mea e pāʻani nui i ka hoʻomohala wikiwiki ʻana o ke kamaʻilio fiber optic i kēia lā.
ʻO nā hoʻohana nui onano erbium oxidee komo pū me: 1. ʻO ka hoʻokuʻu māmā o Er3 + ma 1550nm he mea koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi, no ka mea, aia kēia hawewe i ka haʻahaʻa loa o ka nalowale o nā fiber optic i ke kamaʻilio fiber optic. Ma hope o ka hoʻohauʻoli ʻia e ka mālamalama ma kahi hawewe nalu o 980nm1480nm,nano erbium oxideions (Er3+) ka hoʻololi ʻana mai ka mokuʻāina 4115/2 i ka mokuʻāina kiʻekiʻe 4113/2, a hoʻokuʻu i ke kukui hawewe 1550nm i ka wā e hoʻi ai ʻo Er3 + i ka mokuʻāina kiʻekiʻe i ka ʻāina, hiki i nā quartz optical fibers ke hoʻouna i nā ʻano nalu o ka mālamalama. , akā ʻokoʻa ka nui o ka attenuation optical. ʻO ka 1550nm frequency band of light ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (0.15 decibels per kilomika) i ka hoʻouna ʻana i nā quartz optical fibers, kahi kokoke i ka palena haʻahaʻa o ka helu attenuation. No laila, ke hoʻohana ʻia ke kamaʻilio fiber optic e like me ke kukui hōʻailona ma 1550nm, hoʻemi ʻia ka nalowale o ka māmā. Ma keia ala, ina he kupono noonoo onano erbium oxideHoʻopili ʻia i loko o kahi matrix kūpono, hiki i ka amplifier ke uku i nā poho i nā ʻōnaehana kamaʻilio e pili ana i ke kumu o ka laser. No laila, i nā pūnaewele kelepona e koi ana i ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā hōʻailona optical 1550nm,nano erbium oxideʻO nā mea hoʻonui fiber doped he mau mea ʻike pono. I kēia manawa,nano erbium oxideua kūʻai ʻia nā mea hoʻonui silica fiber doped. Wahi a nā hōʻike, i mea e pale aku ai i ka absorption pono ʻole, ʻo ka nui o ka doping o ka nano erbium oxide i loko o nā fibers optical mai nā ʻumi a i nā haneli ppm. ʻO ka hoʻomohala wikiwiki ʻana o ke kamaʻilio fiber optic e wehe i nā kahua hou no ka noi ʻana onano erbium oxide. 2. Eia kekahi, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā kristal laser menano erbium oxidea ʻo kā lākou huahana 1730nm a me 1550nm lasers he palekana no nā maka kanaka, me ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻoili ʻana o ka lewa, ka hiki ke komo ikaika no ka uahi kahua kaua, ka hūnā maikaʻi, a ʻaʻole maʻalahi i ʻike ʻia e nā ʻenemi. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa o ka irradiation ma luna o ka pūʻali koa he ʻano nui, a ua hoʻomohala ʻia kahi mākaʻikaʻi laser portable no ka palekana o nā maka kanaka no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka pūʻali koa. 3. Hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia ʻo Er3+ i ke aniani e hana aihonua lahanā mea laser aniani, ʻo ia ka mea i kēia manawa ka mea laser solid-state me ka ikehu pulse puka kiʻekiʻe a me ka mana hoʻopuka. 4. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Er3+ ma ke ʻano he ion hoʻāla no nā mea laser upconversion honua ʻole. 5. Eia kekahi,nano erbium oxideHiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka decolorization a me ke kala ʻana o nā aniani aniani a me ke aniani crystalline.
ʻO nā hoʻohana nui onano yttrium oxidekomo: 1. mea hoʻohui no ke kila a me ka non-ferrous alloys. Loaʻa ka FeCr alloys i ka 0.5% a i ka 4%nano yttrium oxide, hiki ke hoʻonui i ka pale ʻana o ka oxidation a me ka ductility o kēia mau mea kila kila; Ma hope o ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka nui kūpono o ka waiwainano yttrium oxidehuikauhonua lahai ka MB26 alloy, ua hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi ʻia ka hana holoʻokoʻa o ka alloy, a hiki iā ia ke hoʻololi i kekahi mau alumini alumini ikaika ikaika no nā mea lawe ukana mokulele; Hoʻohui i kahi liʻiliʻi o nano yttriumʻohe lepo lāʻaui ka Al Zr alloy hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka conductivity o ka alloy; Ua hoʻohana ʻia kēia huila e ka hapa nui o nā hale uea home; Hoʻohuinano yttrium oxidee hoʻonui i ka conductivity a me ka ikaika mechanical. 2. Loaʻa iā 6%nano yttrium oxidea me ka aluminika 2% silicon nitride ceramic mea hiki ke hoʻohana no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ʻenekini. 3. E hoohana i ka 400 wattnano neodymium oxideAluminum garnet laser beam e hana i ka hana mechanical e like me ka wili ʻana, ka ʻoki ʻana, a me ke kuʻi ʻana ma nā mea nui. 4. ʻO ka electron microscope fluorescent pale i haku ʻia me Y-Al garnet single crystal wafers he kiʻekiʻe fluorescence olinolino, haʻahaʻa absorption o ka hoʻopuehu kukui, maikaʻi kū'ē i ke kiʻekiʻe wela a me ka mīkini lole. 5. kiekienano yttrium oxidenā ʻāpana i kūkulu ʻia a hiki i ka 90%nano gadolinium oxidehiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i ka mokulele a me nā noi ʻē aʻe e pono ai ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me ka helu heheʻe kiʻekiʻe. 6. Kiʻekiʻe wela proton e alakaʻi ana i nā mea i loaʻa i ka 90%nano yttrium oxideHe mea koʻikoʻi nui ia no ka hana ʻana i nā wahie, nā kelepona electrolytic, a me nā ʻāpana ʻike kinoea e pono ai ka solubility kiʻekiʻe o ka hydrogen. Kahi mea hou aʻe,nano yttrium oxidehoʻohana pū ʻia e like me kahi mea hoʻoheheʻe wela kiʻekiʻe, kahi diluent no ka wahie reactor atomic, kahi mea hoʻohui no nā mea magnet mau loa, a ma ke ʻano he kiʻi i ka ʻoihana uila.
Ma waho aʻe o ka mea i luna, nanonā ʻokikene honua laha ʻolehiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i nā mea lole me ke olakino kanaka a me ka hana kaiapuni. Mai ka pūʻulu noiʻi o kēia manawa, loaʻa iā lākou a pau kahi kuhikuhi: ke kū'ē i ka radiation ultraviolet; ʻO ka hoʻohaumia ʻana o ka ea a me ka radiation ultraviolet e pili ana i nā maʻi ʻili a me ke kanesa; ʻO ka pale ʻana i ka haumia he mea paʻakikī i nā mea haumia ke pili i nā lole; Ke hoʻomau ʻia nei ka noiʻi ʻana ma ke kahua o ka insulation thermal. Ma muli o ka paʻakikī a me ka ʻelemakule maʻalahi o ka ʻili, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i nā kiko i nā lā ua. Ke neʻe nei me ka nanoʻeleka cerium oxidehiki ke hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka ʻili, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka ʻelemakule a me ka polu, a ʻoluʻolu hoʻi ke ʻaʻahu. ʻO nā mea nanocoating kekahi kumuhana wela i ka noiʻi nanomaterial i nā makahiki i hala iho nei, me ka manaʻo nui i nā uhi hana. Hoʻohana ʻo ʻAmelika i ka 80nmY2O3e like me ka infrared shielding coating, he kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe i ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i ka wela.CeO2he kiʻekiʻe refractive index a me ke kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe. I ka manawanano laha 'ole honua yttrium oxide, nano lanthanum oxide a menano cerium oxidehoʻohui ʻia ka pauka i ka uhi ʻana, hiki i ka paia o waho ke pale i ka ʻelemakule. No ka mea hiki ke ʻelemakule a hāʻule ka pena o ka pā i waho ma muli o ka ʻike ʻana o ka pena i nā kukuna ultraviolet o ka lā a me ka makani lōʻihi a me ka ʻike ʻana o ka lā,cerium oxideayttrium oxidehiki ke pale aku i ka radiation ultraviolet, a liʻiliʻi loa kona nui.Nano cerium oxideHoʻohana ʻia e like me ka ultraviolet absorber, Manaʻo ʻia e hoʻohana ʻia e pale i ka ʻelemakule o nā huahana plastik ma muli o ka radiation ultraviolet, a me ka ʻelemakule UV o nā pahu, nā kaʻa, nā moku, nā pahu mālama aila, etc., a e pāʻani i kahi kuleana ma waho o nā papa hoʻolaha nui
ʻO ka pale maikaʻi loa no ka uhi ʻana o ka paia o loko e pale ai i ka polu, ka makū, a me ka haumia, no ka mea he liʻiliʻi loa kona ʻāpana, e paʻakikī ai i ka lepo e pili i ka paia a hiki ke holoi ʻia me ka wai. Nui nā hoʻohana no ka nanonā ʻokikene honua laha ʻoleka mea e pono ai ka noiʻi hou a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana, a ke manaʻo nui nei mākou e loaʻa i ka lā ʻapōpō maikaʻi loa.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Nov-03-2023