ʻO Neodymium kekahi o nā metala honua laha loa

I ka makahiki 1839, ua ʻike ʻo Swedish CGMosander i ka hui ʻana o ka lanthanum (lan) a me praseodymium (pu) a me ka neodymium (nǚ).

Ma hope o kēlā, ua nānā nui nā chemists ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā mea hou mai nā mea ʻike honua laha ʻole.

I ka makahiki 1885, ua ʻike ʻo AVWelsbach, he Austrian, i ka praseodymium a me ka neodymium mai ka hui ʻana o praseodymium a me neodymium i manaʻo ʻia e Mossander he "mea hou". ʻO kekahi o lākou i kapa ʻia ʻo neodymium, i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i hope i Neodymium. ʻO ka hōʻailona Nd he neodymium.

Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻo Neodymium, praseodymium, gadolinium (gá) a me samarium (shan) mai ka didymium, kahi i manaʻo ʻia he ʻano honua laha ʻole ia manawa. Ma muli o ko lākou ʻike ʻana, ʻaʻole mālama ʻia ka didymium. ʻO kā lākou loaʻa ʻana e wehe i ke kolu o ka puka i ka ʻike ʻana i nā mea o ka honua laha ʻole a ʻo ke kolu o ka pae o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā mea ʻano honua. Akā, he hapalua wale nō kēia o ka hana i ke kolu o ka pae. Pono pono, e wehe ʻia ka puka o ka cerium a i ʻole ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka cerium, a ʻo ka hapa ʻē aʻe e wehe ʻia a i ʻole ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka yttrium.

ʻO Neodymium, hōʻailona kemika Nd, metala keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, ʻo ia kekahi o nā metala honua laha ʻole loa, me ka helu heheʻe o 1024°C, mānoanoa o 7.004 g/㎝, a me ka paramagnetism.

Hoʻohana nui:

Ua lilo ʻo Neodymium i wahi wela ma ka mākeke no nā makahiki he nui ma muli o kona kūlana kūʻokoʻa ma ke kahua o nā ʻāina ʻokoʻa. ʻO ka mea hoʻohana nui loa o ka metala neodymium ʻo ia ka NdFeB mau mea magnet paʻa. ʻO ka hiki ʻana mai o NdFeB mau mea hoʻomakeʻa mau i hoʻokomo i ke ola hou i loko o ke kahua ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe. Kapa ʻia ʻo NdFeB magnet "ke aliʻi o nā magnet mau loa" no kāna huahana ikehu magnetic kiʻekiʻe.

Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Neodymium i nā mea non-ferrous. ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka 1.5-2.5% neodymium i ka magnesium a i ʻole ka alumini alumini hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana wela kiʻekiʻe, ka paʻa ʻana o ka ea a me ke kūpaʻa corrosion o ka alloy, a hoʻohana nui ʻia e like me nā mea aerospace.

Eia kekahi, ʻo ka neodymium-doped yttrium alumini garnet e hoʻopuka i ka kukuna laser pōkole, i hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka wili a me ka ʻoki ʻana i nā mea lahilahi me ka mānoanoa ma lalo o 10mm i ka ʻoihana.

I ka lāʻau lapaʻau, hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Nd: YAG laser no ka wehe ʻana i ka ʻokiʻoki a i ʻole ka disinfect i nā ʻeha ma kahi o ka scalpel. Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Neodymium no ke kala kala a me nā mea seramika a ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻohui no nā huahana lāʻau.

Me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻepekema a me ka ʻenehana a me ka hoʻonui a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ʻepekema honua a me ka ʻenehana, e loaʻa i ka neodymium kahi ākea hoʻohana.

ʻO ka Neodymium (Nd) he metala honua laha ʻole. Melemele ʻeleʻele, maʻalahi i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka ea, hoʻohana ʻia e hana i ka alloy a me ke aniani optical.

Me ka hānau ʻana o praseodymium, ua puka mai ka neodymium. ʻO ka hōʻea ʻana mai o ka neodymium i hoʻāla i ka māla honua laha, hoʻokani i kahi hana koʻikoʻi i ka māla honua, a ua hoʻoikaika i ka mākeke honua.

Noi o Neodymium: Hoʻohana ʻia ia e hana i nā ceramics, aniani ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula, ruby ​​artificial i ka laser a me ke aniani kūikawā hiki ke kānana i nā kukuna infrared. Hoʻohana pū ʻia me praseodymium e hana i nā maka aniani no nā mea puhi aniani. ʻO ka metala mich i hoʻohana ʻia i ka hana kila he 18% neodymium.

Neodymium oxide Nd2 O3; ʻO ke kaumaha molekala he 336.40; ʻO ka pauka paʻa Lavender, maʻalahi ke hoʻopili ʻia me ka pulu, e komo i ke kalapona kalapona i ka ea, hiki ʻole ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai, hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka waikona inorganic. ʻO 7.24 ka mānoanoa pili. ʻO ka helu hoʻoheheʻe ma kahi o 1900 ℃, a ʻo ka valence oxide kiʻekiʻe o ka neodymium hiki ke hana ʻia e ka hoʻomehana ʻana i ka ea.

Hoʻohana: Hoʻohana ʻia no ka hana ʻana i nā mea magnet mau loa, nā kala no ke aniani a me nā seramika a me nā mea laser.

Hoʻohana pū ʻia ʻo Nanometer neodymium oxide no ke kala kala a me nā mea seramika, nā huahana a me nā mea hoʻohui.

Pr-nd metala; ʻO ke kumu molekala Pr-Nd; Pono: Poka metala hina-hinahina, luster metala, hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka ea. Ke kumu: Hoʻohana nui ʻia e like me nā mea magnet mau loa.

ʻO ka lāʻau pale pale ka neodymium i ka huhū ikaika i nā maka a me ka mucous membrane, ka huhū haʻahaʻa i ka ʻili, a me ka inhalation hiki ke hoʻoulu i ka pulmonary embolism a me ka pōʻino o ka ate.

Mea hana:

Hoʻonanea i nā maka, ka ʻili, ka ʻāʻī a me ka ʻōpū hanu.

Hoʻoholo:

1. Inhalation: waiho i ka pūnaewele i ka ea hou. Inā paʻakikī ka hanu, hāʻawi i ka oxygen. E ʻimi i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

2. E pili ana i ka maka: E hoʻokiʻekiʻe i ka lihilihi a holoi me ka wai kahe a i ʻole ka paʻakai maʻamau. E ʻimi i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

3. Pili i ka ʻili: Wehe i nā lole i haumia a holoi me ka wai kahe.

4. ʻAi: E inu nui i ka wai mahana e hoʻoulu ai i ka luaʻi. E ʻimi i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

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