Ua hoʻohana ʻia ka huaʻōlelo 'catalyst' mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kenekulia 19, akā ua ʻike nui ʻia ʻo ia no ka aneane 30 mau makahiki, mai ka makahiki 1970 i ka wā i lilo ai ka pollution ea a me nā pilikia ʻē aʻe i pilikia. Ma mua o kēlā, he hana koʻikoʻi loa ia i ka hohonu o nā mea kanu kemika i hiki ʻole i nā kānaka ke nānā aku, mālie akā hoʻomau no nā makahiki. He kia nui ia o ka ʻoihana kemika, a me ka loaʻa ʻana o nā mea hoʻolalelale hou, ʻaʻole i ulu ka ʻoihana kemika nui a hiki i ka ʻoihana mea pili. No ka laʻana, ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea hoʻoheheʻe hao i hoʻokumu i ke kumu no ka ʻoihana kemika hou, ʻoiai ka loaʻa ʻana o nā catalysts e pili ana i ka titanium i paʻa i ke ala no ka ʻoihana petrochemical a me polymer synthesis. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ua hoʻomaka ʻia ka hoʻohana mua ʻana i nā mea o ka honua laha me nā catalysts. I ka makahiki 1885, ua hoʻokomo ʻo Austrian CAV Welsbach i kahi hopena nitric acid i loaʻa ka 99% ThO2 a me 1% CeO2 ma ka asbestos e hana i ka catalyst, i hoʻohana ʻia i ka ʻoihana hana o nā ipu kukui.
Ma hope mai, me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻenehana ʻenehana a me ka hohonu o ka noiʻi ʻananā ʻāina rare, Ua ʻike ʻia ma muli o ka hopena synergistic maikaʻi ma waena o nā ʻāina laha ʻole a me nā ʻāpana catalytic metala ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole i loaʻa wale nā mea catalytic maikaʻi i ka hana catalytic maikaʻi, akā loaʻa pū kekahi hana anti poisoning maikaʻi a me ke kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe. ʻOi aku ka nui o lākou i nā kumuwaiwai, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ke kumukūʻai, a ʻoi aku ka paʻa o ka hana ma mua o nā metala makamae, a ua lilo i mea ikaika hou i ke kahua catalytic. I kēia manawa, ua hoʻohana nui ʻia nā mea hoʻoheheʻe honua maʻamau i nā ʻano like ʻole e like me ka petroleum cracking, chemical chemical, automotive exhaust hoʻomaʻemaʻe, a me ke kinoea catalytic combustion. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻāina laha ʻole ma ke kahua o nā mea catalytic he hapa nui. Hoʻopau ʻo ʻAmelika i ka hapa nui o ka honua laʻa i ka catalysis, a ʻo Kina hoʻi e hoʻopau nui i kēia wahi.
Ke hoʻomau nei ka hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻana o nā mea catalytic honua laʻa i nā kula kuʻuna e like me ka ʻaila a me ka ʻenekinia kemika. Me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ʻike kaiapuni o ka ʻāina, ʻoi aku hoʻi me ka hoʻokokoke ʻana o ka ʻOlumepika ʻo Beijing 2008 a me Shanghai 2010 World Expo, ke koi a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea catalytic honua maʻamau i ka mālama ʻana i ke kaiapuni, e like me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana o ka automotive, ka puhi ʻana o ke kinoea kūlohelohe, ka aila ʻoihana catering. ʻO ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe fume, ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe kinoea hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻoihana, a me ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā kinoea hoʻoheheʻe kūlohelohe, e hoʻonui nui ʻia.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Oct-11-2023