ʻO ka hana o nā mea e pili ana i ka honua

Ua loaʻa i nā hapalua o nā kenekulia i hala,ʻo ka noiʻi nuiʻana ma nā hopena catalytic o nā hopena o nā mea kūʻai aku (ka nui o nā'āpana maʻamau.

1. I keʻano uila o kaNā Kūlana Honua, 4f nā electrons ka mea i loko o kaʻaoʻao o loko a ua paleʻia e 5s a me 5 mau electrons,ʻoiai e hoʻoholo i nā mea kūʻai aku o ka waiwai. No laila, hoʻohālikelikeʻia me ka hopena catalytic o D ke hoʻololiʻia,ʻaʻoheʻano likeʻole, aʻaʻole e like me ka mea e like me ka mea hoʻololi o D.

2. I ka nui o nā hopena,ʻaʻole e loli ka hana o ka catalytic o kēlā me kēia o ka honua rarenā mea e pili ana i ka honuaMa hea kahi e loliʻole ai ka loli. ʻOkoʻa kēia mai ka mea i hoʻololiʻia i ka mea i hoʻololiʻiaʻo D, a hiki i kā lākou hana ke hiki i kekahi mau manawa e like me nā kauoha he nui; Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawaleʻia ka hana o ka catalytic o 3 mau wahi e pili ana i ka Honua ʻO kekahiʻano e pili ana i kahi hoʻololi monotonic i ka helu o nā electrons (1-14) i ka hoʻololiʻana o nā electrons.

4

ʻO nā mea hana,ʻo Catalysts he mau mea me nā hana kūikawā. Ua nui nā nui o ka huiʻana i nā pupu a me nā noi a me ka noiʻana o nā waiwai he nui, a me nā wahi he nui e hoʻoweliweli; I nā mea waiwai nui, he nui ka loliʻana o nā wahi o nā aniani i nā mea'ē aʻe, kahi e hiki ai ke lawelawe i ka heluʻana o ka catalyst Hiki ke hoʻohanaʻia nā mea hoʻohuihui honua e hana i nā mea waiwai me nā waiwai'ē aʻe no nāʻano likeʻole; Mākaha Nui ka'ōiwi, nā ALIIEST, ua nui nā waimaka ʻO ka hana maikaʻi loa ka Honua

I kēia manawa, ua hoʻohana nuiʻia nā mea waiwai o nā lako catalyst i ka petroleum me ka hoʻoponoponoʻana, a he nui nā mea hoʻonaninani a me nā mea kūlohelohe.