Scandiumhe mea kemika me ka hoailona elementSca me ka helu atomika 21. He metala hoʻololi palupalu keʻokeʻo kālā i hui pinepine ʻia megadolinium, erbium, etc. He liʻiliʻi loa ka hoʻopuka ʻana, a ʻo kāna mea i loko o ka ʻōpala o ka honua ma kahi o 0.0005%.
1. Ka pohihihi oscandiumʻeleʻele Ka helu hehee oscandiumʻO 1541 ℃, ʻo ka helu hoʻolapalapa he 2836 ℃, a ʻo ka mānoanoa he 2.985 g/cm³. ʻO Scandium he metala keʻokeʻo māmā a hiki ke hana me ka wai wela e hana i ka hydrogen. No laila, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka scandium metala āu e ʻike ai ma ke kiʻi i loko o kahi hue a pale ʻia me ke kinoea argon. A i ʻole, e hana koke ka scandium i kahi ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele a i ʻole ʻeleʻele hina hina a nalowale kona ʻālohilohi metala.
2. Hoʻohana nui i ka scandium ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka scandium (ʻo ia ka mea hana nui, ʻaʻole no ka doping) i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā ʻaoʻao mālamalama loa, a ʻaʻole ia he mea hoʻonui ke kapa ʻia ʻo ia ke keiki a ka mālamalama. 1). Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ke kukui sodium Scandium e lawe i ka mālamalama i nā tausani o nā hale. ʻO kēia kahi kumu kukui uila halide metala: ua hoʻopiha ʻia ka puʻupuʻu me ka sodium iodide a me ka scandium iodide, a hoʻohui ʻia ka scandium a me ka sodium foil i ka manawa like. I ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka volta kiʻekiʻe, ʻo nā ion scandium a me nā ion sodium e hoʻokuʻu i ka mālamalama me kā lākou mau hawewe hoʻokuʻu ʻano. ʻO nā laina kikoʻī o ka sodium ʻelua mau kukuna melemele kaulana ma 589.0 a me 589.6nm, aʻo nā laina spectral o scandium he ʻano o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka ultraviolet a me ka uliuli mai 361.3 a i 424.7nm. No ka mea he mau kala hoʻohui, ʻo ke kala māmā holoʻokoʻa i hana ʻia he kukui keʻokeʻo. ʻO ia ke kumu no ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kukui sodium scandium i nā hiʻohiʻona o ka maikaʻi luminous kiʻekiʻe, ke kala māmā maikaʻi, ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu, ke ola lōʻihi o ka lawelawe a me ka hiki ke hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā kiʻi kiʻi ʻoniʻoni a me nā ʻāpana, nā kahua pāʻani, a me nā kukui alanui, a ua kapaia ke kolu o ka hanauna. kumu kukui. Ma Kina, hoʻolaha mālie ʻia kēia ʻano kukui ma ke ʻano he ʻenehana hou, akā ma kekahi mau ʻāina i kūkulu ʻia, ua hoʻohana nui ʻia kēia ʻano kukui i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka makahiki 1980. 2). Hiki i nā pūnaewele photovoltaic solar ke hōʻiliʻili i ke kukui i hoʻopuehu ʻia ma ka honua a hoʻohuli iā ia i uila e hoʻokele i ka lāhui kanaka. ʻO Scandium ka metala pale maikaʻi loa i nā metala-insulator-semiconductor silicon photovoltaic cell a me nā cell solar. 3). ʻO Gamma ray kumu, hiki i kēia mea hoʻokalakupua ke hoʻopuka i ka mālamalama nui iā ia iho, akā ʻaʻole hiki ke loaʻa kēia ʻano kukui e ko mākou mau maka ʻōlohelohe. He kahe kiʻi kiʻekiʻe ka ikehu. ʻO ka mea maʻamau a mākou e lawe ai mai nā minela ʻo 45Sc, ʻo ia wale nō ka isotope maoli o scandium. He 21 protons a me 24 neutrons kēlā me kēia nucleus 45Sc. Inā mākou e hoʻokomo i ka scandium i loko o kahi mea hoʻoheheʻe nuklea a hoʻokuʻu iā ia e komo i ka radiation neutron, e like me ka waiho ʻana i kahi monkey i loko o ka umu ahi alchemy o Taishang Laojun no 7,749 mau lā, e hānau ʻia ʻo 46Sc me hoʻokahi neutron i loko o ka nucleus. ʻO 46Sc, kahi isotope radioactive artificial, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he kumu ray gamma a i ʻole tracer atom, a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka radiotherapy o nā maʻi maʻi ʻino. He nui nā mea hoʻohana e like me yttrium-gallium-scandium garnet lasers, scandium fluoride glass infrared optical fibers, a me scandium-coated cathode ray tubes ma nā keʻena kīwī. Me he mea lā ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo scandium e mālamalama. 3、 Nā pūhui maʻamau o scandium 1). ʻO Terbium scandate (TbScO3) kristal - loaʻa ka lattice maikaʻi e pili ana me ka perovskite structure superconductors, a he mea hoʻoheheʻe kiʻiʻoniʻoni lahilahi ferroelectric maikaʻi loa.
2).Aluminum scandium huila- ʻO ka mea mua, he alumini alumini kiʻekiʻe. Nui nā ala e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka hana o nā alumini alumini. I waena o lākou, ʻo ka microalloying a me ka hoʻoikaika ʻana a me ka paʻakikī ka mea mua o ka noiʻi alumini alumini hana kiʻekiʻe i nā makahiki he 20 i hala. I ka hana moku, aerospace He ākea loa ka manaʻo noi ma nā ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe e like me ka ʻoihana, nā missiles rocket, a me ka ikehu nuklea. 3).Scandium oxide- Loaʻa i ka Scandium oxide nā waiwai kino a me nā kemika, no laila he ākea ka nui o nā noi ma ke kahua o ka ʻepekema waiwai. ʻO ka mea mua, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka scandium oxide ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻohui i nā mea seramika, hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka paʻakikī, ka ikaika a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana o nā seramika, e ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi. Eia kekahi, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka scandium oxide e hoʻomākaukau i nā mea superconductor kiʻekiʻe. Hōʻike kēia mau mea i ka conductivity uila maikaʻi ma nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a loaʻa i ka hiki ke hoʻohana nui. Ka manawa hoʻouna: Nov-01-2024