He aha ka niobium a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka niobium?

Ka hoohana ana oniobiumMa ke ʻano he mea hoʻohui no nā superalloys pili hao, nickel-based a zirconium-based superalloys, hiki i ka niobium ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ko lākou mau waiwai ikaika. I ka ʻoihana ikehu atomic, kūpono ka niobium e hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻolālā o ka reactor a me nā mea pale o ka wahie nuklea, a me ka pale wela a me nā mea hana i loko o nā ʻoihana mokulele a me nā ʻoihana aerospace. Ua like ka niobium capacitance me ka tantalum capacitance, akā ma muli o ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi o ka niobium, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka capacitance no kēlā me kēia ʻāpana. ʻO Niobium titanium, niobium zirconium alloy, niobium tin, niobium alumini germanium a me nā mea hoʻohuihui superconductive ʻaʻole i hoʻohana wale ʻia no ka hoʻouna ʻana i ka mana, ka mana hana, ka hana ʻana o nā superconducting magnets, a me ka hoʻomalu ʻana i ka fusion nuklea, akā hoʻohana pū ʻia no nā mea hoʻokele i ka mokulele, electromagnetic. nā mea hoʻolalelale no nā moku luʻu kiʻekiʻe, a me nā kaʻaahi superconducting superclass. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pale ʻana i ka waika o ka niobium ma mua o ka zirconium, akā ʻaʻole maikaʻi e like me ka tantalum. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e like me ka mea hoʻololi wela, condenser, kānana, agitator, etc. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka Niobium carbide hoʻokahi a i hui pū ʻia me ka tungsten carbide a me ka molybdenum carbide e like me ka wela forging make, ʻoki mea hana, jet engine turbine blades, valves, tail skirts and rocket uhi nozzle. Loaʻa ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe o ke kila kila me ka Niobium, ka paʻakikī maikaʻi a me ke kū'ē ʻana i ke anuanu, a hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā pipeline ʻaila. Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Lithium niobate hoʻokahi kristal i nā pahu TV kala. ʻO ke ʻano o ka niobium niobium he metala laha ʻole me ke kila hina hina, a ʻo kona helu hoʻoheheʻe he 2467. C. ʻO 8.6 g/cm3 ka mānoanoa. Loaʻa i ka Niobium ka plasticity haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa maikaʻi a hiki ke hana ʻia i nā huahana semi-finished like ʻole e ke kaomi anu. ʻO ke kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe, ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe, ma 1000. C a ma luna aʻe i lawa ka ikaika, plasticity a me ka thermal conductivity. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka superconductivity i nā mahana haʻahaʻa loa, e like me ka minus 260. Ua kokoke ke kū'ē i ka zero ma kahi o C. Ma 150. Ma lalo o C, ua kūpaʻa ʻo ia i ka corrosion kemika a me ka corrosion atmospheric. He kūpaʻa ia no ka nui o ka waika a me ka paʻakai ma ka lumi wela, akā hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka hydrogen embrittlement. Hoʻokumu ʻia kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni oxide paʻa i ka wā o ka anodization. I loko o nā minela kūlohelohe, niobium. Hoʻokumu ʻia kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni oxide paʻa i ka wā o ka anodization. I loko o nā minela kūlohelohe, noho pū ka niobium a me ka tantalum. ʻO nā minerala i loaʻa ka niobium a me ka tantalum he pyrochlore, niobium-tantalite, limonite, niobium-titanium-bearing rutile, rutile a me ka niobium-tantalate placer. ʻO kekahi mau mea waiwai nui no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka niobium. ʻO ka helu ʻana o ka niobium ore a i ʻole ka tantalum ore e hoʻoholo nui ʻia e ka nui o ka niobium a i ʻole tantalum i loko o ka mineral. Ua hōʻea nā waiwai magnetic superconducting Nb-Tn i ka pae honua. Ua hoʻāʻo maikaʻi ʻo Baoji Research Institute of Rare Nonferrous Metal Processing i ka hoʻokomo ʻia ʻana o ka multi-core Nb-Tn superconducting magnet me ke anawaena o loko o 23.5 mm me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kāna uea ponoʻī. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā magnet maʻamau, he liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi kēia ʻano magnet, ke kaumaha māmā a me ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe magnetic; Ma hope o ka hana mana a pani ʻia, ʻaʻole pono ka lako mana no ka hana lōʻihi. Wahi a ka ho'āʻo i alakaʻi ʻia e ka poʻe ʻepekema a me ka ʻenehana Kina a me Farani i loko o ka hale kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka National Research Center o Farani, ma - 286.96 ℃, hiki i ka ikaika waena o ka magnet i 154000 Gauss, a hiki i kāna hana i ka pae honua. .