Kālā chloride, ike kemikaAgCl, he hui hoʻohiwahiwa me ka nui o ka hoʻohana. ʻO kona waihoʻoluʻu keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo he koho kaulana ia no ke kiʻi, nā mea nani, a me nā wahi ʻē aʻe he nui. Eia nō naʻe, ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana i ka mālamalama a i ʻole kekahi mau kaiapuni, hiki ke hoʻololi a hina ke kala kala. Ma kēia ʻatikala, e ʻimi mākou i nā kumu o kēia hanana hoihoi.
Kālā chloridehana ʻia e ka pane ʻana okalapona kala (AgNO3) me ka waikawa hydrochloric (HCl) a i ʻole kekahi kumu chloride ʻē aʻe. He paʻa keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo he photosensitive, ʻo ia hoʻi ke loli ke ʻike ʻia i ka mālamalama. ʻO kēia waiwai ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā ion kālā (Ag+) a me nā ion chloride (Cl-) i loko o kāna lattice kristal.
ʻO ke kumu nuiKālā chloridelilo ahinahina ke kukulu ana okala kalakala(Ag) ma kona ʻili. I ka manawaKālā chlorideʻike ʻia i ka mālamalama a i ʻole kekahi mau mea kemika, ʻo nā ion kālā i loaʻa i loko o ka pūhui e hoʻemi ʻia ka hopena. ʻO kēia ke kumukala kalakalae waiho ma ka ili o kakala kalakalanā kristal.
ʻO kekahi o nā kumu maʻamau o kēia hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana ʻo ka kukui ultraviolet (UV) i loaʻa i ka lā. Ke hōʻike ʻia ka kala kala kala i ka radiation UV, ʻo ka ikehu i hāʻawi ʻia e ka mālamalama e hoʻolilo i nā ion kālā e loaʻa i nā electrons a laila e hoʻololi i loko.kala kalakala. Kapa ʻia kēia pane ʻana he photoreduction.
Ma waho aʻe o ka māmā, nā kumu ʻē aʻe e hiki ai ke kumukala kalakalano ka hoʻohinahinahina e komo pū me ka ʻike ʻana i kekahi mau mea kemika, e like me ka hydrogen peroxide a i ʻole ka sulfur. Ke hana nei kēia mau mea ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻohaʻahaʻa, e paipai ana i ka hoʻololi ʻana o nā ion kālā i lokokala kalakala.
ʻO kekahi hiʻohiʻona hoihoi e lilo ai ke kala chloride i hina, ʻo ia ke kuleana o nā haumia a i ʻole nā hemahema o ka hale aniani. ʻOiai ma ka maʻemaʻekala kalakalanā kristal, loaʻa pinepine nā kīnā liʻiliʻi a i ʻole nā mea haumia i hoʻopuehu ʻia i loko o ka lattice kristal. Hiki iā ia ke lilo i wahi hoʻomaka no ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i nā hopena, ka hopena i ka waiho ʻana ometala kalama ka ili aniani.
He mea nui e hoʻomaopopo i ka hina okala kalakalaʻaʻole ia he hopena maikaʻi ʻole. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ua hoʻohana ʻia ia i nā noi like ʻole, ʻoi aku hoʻi ma ke kahua kiʻi.Kālā chloridehe mea nui i loko o ke kiʻi kiʻi ʻeleʻele a me ke keʻokeʻo, kahi i hoʻololi ʻia aikala kalakalai ke kālā he mea nui ia i ka hana ʻana i kiʻi ʻike ʻia. ʻO ka hōʻikekala kalakalaʻeleʻele nā kristal i ka wā e pane ai me ka mālamalama, e hana ana i kiʻi huna, a laila hoʻomohala ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kemika kiʻi e hōʻike i ke kiʻi ʻeleʻele a keʻokeʻo hope loa.
I ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana, ke kala hina okala kalakalama muli o ka hoʻololi ʻana o nā ion kālā ikala kalakalama ka ili aniani. Hoʻokumu mua ʻia kēia ʻano ma muli o ka ʻike ʻana i ka mālamalama a i ʻole kekahi mau mea kemika e hoʻāla i ka hopena hoʻemi. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o nā haumia a i ʻole nā hemahema i loko o ka hale aniani hiki ke kumu i kēia hina hina. ʻOiai hiki ke hoʻololi i ke ʻano okala kalakala, ua hoʻohana ʻia kēia hoʻololi ʻana i nā kiʻi e hana i nā kiʻi ʻeleʻele a me ke keʻokeʻo.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Nov-07-2023