Taw qhia rau Daim Ntawv Thov ntawm Rare Earths
Tsis tshua muaj lub ntiaj teb cov ntsiab lus hu ua "industrial vitamins", nrog irreplaceable zoo heev hlau nplaum, kho qhov muag thiab hluav taws xob zog, los txhim kho cov khoom ua tau zoo, nce cov khoom ntau yam, txhim kho efficiency ntau lawm ua lub luag hauj lwm loj. Vim tias lub luag haujlwm loj ntawm lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj, kev siv me me, tau dhau los ua lub hauv paus tseem ceeb los txhim kho cov qauv khoom, txhim kho cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis, txhawb kev txhim kho thev naus laus zis hauv kev lag luam, tau siv dav hauv metallurgy, tub rog, petrochemical, iav ceramics. , kev ua liaj ua teb thiab cov ntaub ntawv tshiab thiab lwm yam kev lag luam.
Kev lag luam metallurgical
Tsis tshua muaj neeg ntiaj teb cov tub thiab nuns tau siv nyob rau hauv metallurgy rau ntau tshaj 30 xyoo, thiab tau tsim ntau mature technology thiab technology, tsis tshua muaj ntiaj teb nyob rau hauv steel, non-ferrous hlau, yog ib tug loj cheeb tsam, muaj broad prospects. Tsis tshua muaj lub ntiaj teb hlau los yog fluoride, silicate ntxiv rau hlau, tuaj yeem ua lub luag haujlwm ntawm refining, desulfurization, nruab nrab thiab qis melting point teeb meem impurities, thiab tuaj yeem txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlau; Nws yog dav siv nyob rau hauv tsheb, tsheb laij teb, diesel cav thiab lwm yam machinery manufacturing kev lag luam, tsis tshua muaj lub ntiaj teb hlau ntxiv rau magnesium, aluminium, tooj liab, zinc, npib tsib xee thiab lwm yam non-ferrous alloys, tuaj yeem txhim kho lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg cov khoom ntawm alloys, thiab txhim kho. chav tsev kub thiab kub siab mechanical zog ntawm alloys.
Vim tias lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj lub cev zoo xws li kho qhov muag thiab electromagnetic, lawv tuaj yeem tsim cov ntaub ntawv tshiab nrog cov khoom sib txawv thiab ntau yam ntawm lwm cov ntaub ntawv, uas tuaj yeem txhim kho zoo thiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm lwm cov khoom. Yog li ntawd, muaj lub npe ntawm "kev lag luam kub". Ua ntej tshaj plaws, qhov sib ntxiv ntawm lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj tuaj yeem txhim kho kev siv cov tso tsheb hlau luam, aircraft, missiles, steel, aluminium alloy, magnesium alloy, titanium alloy tactical kev ua tau zoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj peev xwm siv tau ua hluav taws xob, lasers, kev lag luam nuclear, superconducting thiab ntau lwm cov roj nplua nyeem siab. Tsis tshua muaj lub ntiaj teb technology, ib zaug siv nyob rau hauv cov tub rog, yuav inevitably coj ib tug leap nyob rau hauv tub rog science thiab technology. Nyob rau hauv ib qho kev txiav txim siab, cov tub rog Asmeskas kev tswj hwm ntawm kev ua tsov rog tom qab Cold War hauv zos, nrog rau nws lub peev xwm los tua cov yeeb ncuab hauv kev tsis ncaj ncees thiab pej xeem, yog vim nws tsis tshua muaj ntiaj teb technology superhuman class.
Petrochemicals
Tsis tshua muaj lub ntiaj teb yuav siv tau nyob rau hauv petrochemical teb los ua molecular sieve catalysts, nrog rau kev ua haujlwm siab, kev xaiv zoo, muaj zog tiv thaiv rau hnyav hlau lom thiab lwm yam zoo, yog li hloov aluminium silicate catalysts rau roj av catalytic cracking txheej txheem; Nws txoj kev kho cov roj ntim yog 1.5 npaug loj dua cov nickel aluminium catalyst, nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm synthesis ntawm shunbutyl roj hmab thiab isoprene roj hmab, kev siv cyclane acid tsawg lub ntiaj teb - peb isobutyl txhuas catalyst, tau cov khoom ua tau zoo, nrog tsawg cov khoom dai. kua nplaum, ruaj khov ua haujlwm, luv luv tom qab kev kho mob thiab lwm yam zoo; thiab lwm yam.
iav ceramics
Daim ntawv thov ntim ntawm lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj nyob hauv Tuam Tshoj txoj kev lag luam iav thiab ceramic tau nce ntawm qhov nruab nrab ntawm 25% txij li xyoo 1988, ncav cuag li 1600 tons hauv xyoo 1998, thiab lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj iav ceramics tsis yog tsuas yog cov khoom siv tseem ceeb ntawm kev lag luam thiab lub neej, tab sis. kuj yog cov tswv cuab tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm siab. Tsis tshua muaj lub ntiaj teb oxides los yog ua tiav lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj concentrates yuav siv tau raws li polishing hmoov lug siv nyob rau hauv optical iav, spectacle lo ntsiab muag, imaging tubes, oscilloscopetubes, ca iav, yas thiab hlau tableware polishing; Txhawm rau kom tshem tawm cov xim ntsuab ntawm lub khob, qhov sib ntxiv ntawm lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj oxides tuaj yeem tsim kev sib txawv ntawm cov iav kho qhov muag thiab iav tshwj xeeb, suav nrog los ntawm infrared, uv-absorbing iav, kua qaub thiab kub-resistant iav, X-ray-pov thawj iav. , thiab lwm yam, nyob rau hauv ceramic thiab enamel ntxiv rau lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj, tuaj yeem txo qhov tawg ntawm glaze, Thiab tuaj yeem ua cov khoom sib txawv xim thiab luster, yog dav siv hauv kev lag luam ceramic.
Ua liaj ua teb
Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias cov ntsiab lus tsis tshua muaj hauv ntiaj teb tuaj yeem txhim kho cov ntsiab lus chlorophyll ntawm cov nroj tsuag, txhim kho photosynthesis, txhawb kev loj hlob hauv paus, thiab ua kom cov as-ham nqus ntawm cov hauv paus system. Lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj tuaj yeem txhawb cov noob germination, nce noob germination tus nqi, thiab txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm cov noob. Ntxiv rau lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb saum toj no, tab sis kuj muaj peev xwm ua tau qee yam qoob loo los txhim kho kev tiv thaiv kab mob, txias, drought resistance. Ntau cov kev tshawb fawb kuj tau pom tias kev siv cov ntsiab lus tsim nyog ntawm lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj peev xwm txhawb nqa kev nqus, hloov pauv thiab siv cov as-ham hauv cov nroj tsuag. Txau cov av tsis tshua muaj peev xwm txhim kho Vc cov ntsiab lus, tag nrho cov ntsiab lus qab zib thiab qab zib-acid piv ntawm cov txiv apples thiab citrus txiv hmab txiv ntoo, thiab txhawb cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo xim thiab precociousness. Nws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam lub zog ua pa thaum lub sijhawm khaws cia thiab txo tus nqi ntawm kev lwj.
Cov ntaub ntawv tshiab
Tsis tshua muaj lub ntiaj teb ferrite boron cov khoom siv hlau nplaum ruaj khov, nrog cov hlau nplaum seem, siab orthopedic quab yuam thiab siab sib nqus zog sib nqus thiab lwm yam ntxwv, yog dav siv nyob rau hauv electronics thiab aerospace kev lag luam thiab tsav cua turbines (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog haum rau offshore fais fab nroj tsuag); - Aluminium garnets thiab niobium iav ua los ntawm siab purity zirconium tuaj yeem siv los ua cov khoom siv laser; tsawg lub ntiaj teb boroncans tuaj yeem siv los ua cov ntaub ntawv cathodic emitted electronically; niobium npib tsib xee hlau yog cov khoom siv hydrogen tsim tshiab hauv xyoo 1970s; thiab chromic acid yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob kub kub tam sim no, cov khoom siv superconducting ua los ntawm niobium-based oxides nrog kev txhim kho ntawm niobium-based oxygen cov ntsiab lus hauv ntiaj teb tuaj yeem tau txais superconductors nyob rau hauv cov kua nitrogen kub cheeb tsam, uas ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam hauv kev txhim kho. ntawm cov khoom siv superconducting. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj siv dav hauv cov khoom siv teeb pom kev zoo xws li phosphor, txhim kho cov tshuaj ntsuam phosphors, tri-xim phosphors, photocopy lub teeb hmoov (tab sis vim yog cov nqi siab dua ntawm cov nqi qis hauv ntiaj teb, yog li daim ntawv thov teeb pom kev zoo maj mam txo), qhov projection ntsiav tshuaj TV thiab lwm yam khoom siv hluav taws xob; Nws tuaj yeem ua rau nws cov zis ntau ntxiv los ntawm 5 mus rau 10%, hauv kev lag luam textile, tsis tshua muaj lub ntiaj teb chloride kuj tau siv dav hauv tanning fur, fur dyeing, wool dyeing thiab carpet dyeing, thiab cov av tsis tshua muaj peev xwm siv tau rau hauv tsheb catalytic converters los txo lub ntsiab. cov pa phem hauv lub cav tso pa tawm mus rau hauv cov khoom tsis muaj tshuaj lom.
Lwm daim ntawv thov
Cov ntsiab lus tsis tshua muaj hauv ntiaj teb kuj tau siv ntau yam khoom siv digital xws li audio-visual, photography, kev sib txuas lus thiab ntau yam khoom siv digital, kom tau raws li cov khoom me me, nrawm dua, sib dua, siv sijhawm ntev dua, txuag hluav taws xob thiab ntau lwm yam yuav tsum tau ua. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws kuj tau siv rau lub zog ntsuab, kev kho mob, kev lim dej, kev thauj mus los thiab lwm yam haujlwm.