Dysprosium, element 66 of the periodic table
Jia Yi ntawm Han Dynasty tau sau rau hauv "Rau Kaum Qhov Kev Ua Phem Qin" tias "peb yuav tsum sau tag nrho cov tub rog los ntawm lub ntiaj teb, sau lawv hauv Xianyang, thiab muag lawv". Ntawm no, 'dysprosium' yog hais txog qhov kawg ntawm tus xub. Nyob rau hauv 1842, tom qab Mossander sib cais thiab nrhiav tau terbium thiab erbium nyob rau hauv yttrium ntiaj teb, ntau chemists txiav txim los ntawm spectral tsom xam tias tej zaum yuav muaj lwm yam nyob rau hauv yttrium ntiaj teb. Xya xyoo tom qab, Fabkis chemist Bouvard é rand tau ntse sib cais holmium ntiaj teb, nrog rau qee qhov tseem yog holmium, thaum lwm qhov kawg tau txheeb xyuas tias yog lub caij tshiab, uas yog dysprosium.
Dysprosium raws li cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem raug txiav txim rau hauv cov hlau nplaum thaiv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, thiab qhov ntsuas kub no yog ze rau qhov kub ntawm cov khoom siv manganese raws li qhov ua tau zoo. Ib feem pua ntawm dysprosium yuav muab ntxiv rau Nd-Fe-B cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov. Tsuas yog li ntawm 2% ~ 3% tuaj yeem ua rau kom muaj kev sib koom tes hauv cov hlau nplaum tas mus li, uas yog qhov tsim nyog ntxiv rau hauv Nd-Fe-B hlau nplaum. Txawm tias qee qhov neodymium hlau boron hlau nplaum siv dysprosium los hloov ib feem ntawm neodymium los txhim kho cov cua sov ntawm cov hlau nplaum. Nrog dysprosium neodymium hlau boron hlau nplaum, lawv tuaj yeem muaj kev tiv thaiv corrosion thiab siv tau rau hauv kev ua haujlwm siab hluav taws xob tsav tsheb.
Dysprosiumthiabterbiumyog ib khub zoo, thiab terbium dysprosium hlau alloy tsim muaj qhov tseem ceeb magnetostriction thiab qhov siab tshaj plaws hauv chav tsev kub magnetostriction coefficient ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Siv qee qhov Paramagnetism dysprosium ntsev crystals, cov kws tshawb fawb tau ua lub tub yees nrog cov rwb thaiv tsev kub thiab demagnetization.
Lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm magnetic recording technology tuaj yeem taug qab rov qab mus rau kev siv cov ntaub ntawv xov tooj cua hauv xyoo 1875. Niaj hnub no, cov ntaubntawv povthawj siv magneto-optical integrates optical thiab magnetic recording, nrog rau siab cia ceev thiab rov qab erasure muaj nuj nqi. Dysprosium muaj cov ntaub ntawv ceev ceev thiab kev nyeem ntawv rhiab heev.
Lub teeb dysprosium rau teeb pom kev zoo yog npaj ua ke nrog dysprosium thiabholmium. Dysprosium teeb yog cov roj tso tawm hluav taws xob siab, tsis zoo li cov teeb pom kev zoo tib yam uas tawm lub teeb los ntawm cov xov hlau tungsten. Thaum emitting lub teeb, lawv kuj ua kom sov. Kwv yees li 70% ntawm cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hloov mus rau hauv thermal zog. Lub sijhawm siv ntev dua, qhov kub thiab txias, thiab qhov yooj yim dua cov tungsten xov hlau raug hlawv. Dysprosium teeb emit teeb pom kev zoo los ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob ntawm cov pa roj ntawm qhov tsis tshua muaj siab, thiab feem ntau ntawm cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob tuaj yeem hloov mus rau hauv lub teeb lub zog, uas yog lub zog ntau dua, ci dua, thiab muaj lub neej ntev dua. Nyob rau hauv tib lub zog mov, lawv muaj peev xwm tsim tau peb zaug lub brightness ntawm incandescent teeb. Dysprosium teeb yog ib hom hlau-halide teeb, uas tau ntim nrog Dysprosium (III) iodide, Thallium (I) iodide, mercury, thiab lwm yam., thiab tuaj yeem tso tawm nws qhov tshwj xeeb ntom ntom. Reflective tshav ntuj dysprosium teeb muaj ib txheej reflective. Nws muaj Radiant siv zog siab thiab tsis tshua muaj hluav taws xob infrared nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam dav spectral los ntawm xiav violet lub teeb rau txiv kab ntxwv liab. Nws yog lub teeb pom kev zoo tshaj plaws rau kev sim ua liaj ua teb, cog qoob loo, thiab cog kev loj hlob nrawm. Nws tseem hu ua lub teeb pom kev zoo, uas yog tsim rau ntau lub thawv huab cua, lub thawv khoom tsim hluav taws xob, tsev cog khoom, thiab lwm lub sijhawm. Nws tuaj yeem ua rau cov nroj tsuag loj hlob zoo dua.
Dysprosium doped luminescent cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem siv ua tricolor phosphors los tsim phosphor activators.
Dysprosium muaj peev xwm ntes tau cov neutrons thiab muaj qhov loj Neutron capture cross section, yog li nws yog siv los ntsuas cov neutron spectrum los yog ua ib tug neutron absorber nyob rau hauv lub atomic zog kev lag luam.
Post lub sij hawm: Jul-03-2023