Praseodymium oxide,molecular formulanp6o 11molecular hnyav 1021.44.
Nws tuaj yeem siv rau hauv iav, metallurgy, thiab ua ib qho ntxiv rau cov hmoov fluorescent. Praseodymium oxide yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb hauv lub teebtsawg ntiaj teb cov khoom.
Vim nws lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg tshwj xeeb, nws tau siv dav hauv kev lag luam xws li ceramics, iav, tsis tshua muaj lub ntiaj teb cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov, tsis tshua muaj lub ntiaj teb tawg catalysts, tsis tshua muaj lub ntiaj teb polishing hmoov, cov khoom sib tsoo, thiab cov khoom ntxiv, nrog rau kev cia siab.
Txij li thaum xyoo 1990, Tuam Tshoj cov khoom siv thev naus laus zis thiab khoom siv rau praseodymium oxide tau ua kom muaj kev txhim kho thiab txhim kho, nrog rau cov khoom lag luam sai thiab cov khoom tsim tawm. Tsis tsuas yog nws tuaj yeem ua tau raws li cov ntawv thov hauv tsev ntim thiab kev ua lag luam, tab sis kuj tseem muaj ntau qhov kev xa tawm. Yog li ntawd, Tuam Tshoj txoj kev siv tshuab tam sim no, cov khoom lag luam thiab cov khoom tsim tawm ntawm praseodymium oxide, nrog rau kev thov rau cov khoom lag luam hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws, yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom lag luam zoo ib yam hauv ntiaj teb.
Cov khoom
Dub hmoov, ceev 6.88g / cm3, melting point 2042 ℃, boiling point 3760 ℃. Insoluble nyob rau hauv dej, soluble nyob rau hauv acids los tsim trivalent ntsev. Zoo conductivity.
Synthesis
1. Tshuaj cais txoj kev. Nws suav nrog fractional crystallization txoj kev, fractional nag lossis daus txoj kev thiab oxidation txoj kev. Cov qub yog sib cais raws li qhov sib txawv ntawm crystal solubility ntawm tsawg lub ntiaj teb nitrates. Kev sib cais yog raws li qhov sib txawv los nag ntim cov khoom lag luam ntawm tsawg lub ntiaj teb sulfate complex ntsev. Cov tom kawg yog sib cais raws li oxidation ntawm trivalent Pr3 + rau tetravalent Pr4 +. Peb txoj kev no tsis tau siv rau hauv kev tsim khoom lag luam vim lawv qhov tsawg tsawg hauv ntiaj teb rov qab tus nqi, cov txheej txheem nyuaj, kev ua haujlwm nyuaj, cov zis qis, thiab cov nqi siab.
2. Txoj kev sib cais. Xws li complexation extraction cais txoj kev thiab saponification P-507 extraction cais txoj kev. Cov qub siv cov txheej txheem extrusion DYPA thiab N-263 extractants los rho tawm thiab cais praseodymium los ntawm nitric acid system ntawm praseodymium neodymium enrichment, ua rau Pr6O11 99% tawm los ntawm 98%. Txawm li cas los xij, vim cov txheej txheem nyuaj, kev siv ntau ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm complexing, thiab cov khoom lag luam siab, nws tsis tau siv rau hauv kev tsim khoom. Ob lub tom kawg muaj kev rho tawm zoo thiab sib cais ntawm praseodymium nrog P-507, ob qho tib si tau siv rau hauv kev tsim khoom. Txawm li cas los xij, vim muaj kev ua haujlwm siab ntawm P-507 extraction ntawm praseodymium thiab qhov poob siab ntawm P-204, P-507 extraction thiab kev sib cais txoj kev yog tam sim no feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv industrial ntau lawm.
3. Txoj kev sib pauv ion yog tsis tshua muaj siv hauv kev tsim khoom vim nws cov txheej txheem ntev, kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo, thiab tsis tshua muaj txiaj ntsig, tab sis cov khoom lag luam purity Pr6O11 ≥ 99 5%, yield ≥ 85%, thiab cov khoom tso tawm rau ib chav tsev ntawm cov khoom siv kuj tsawg.
1) Kev tsim khoom ntawm praseodymium oxide cov khoom siv ion pauv txoj kev: siv praseodymium neodymium enriched compounds (Pr, Nd) 2Cl3 ua raw khoom. Nws tau npaj rau hauv cov tshuaj noj (Pr, Nd) Cl3 thiab thauj mus rau hauv kab adsorption kom adsorb saturated tsawg earths. Thaum lub concentration ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus yog tib yam li cov outflow concentration, lub adsorption ntawm tsawg earths yog tiav thiab tos rau cov txheej txheem tom ntej siv. Tom qab thauj cov kem rau hauv cationic resin, CuSO4-H2SO4 tov yog siv los ntws mus rau hauv kem los npaj cov Cu H + tsawg lub ntiaj teb sib cais kem rau siv. Tom qab txuas ib kem adsorption thiab peb cais kab hauv series, siv EDT A (0 015M) ntws los ntawm inlet ntawm thawj adsorption kem rau elution sib cais (leaching tus nqi 1 2cm / min). Thaum neodymium thawj ntws tawm ntawm lub qhov hluav taws xob ntawm Cov kab sib cais thib peb thaum lub sij hawm leaching sib cais, nws tuaj yeem sau los ntawm tus neeg txais thiab kho tshuaj kom tau txais Nd2O3 byproduct Tom qab cov neodymium nyob rau hauv kem sib cais, ntshiab PrCl3 tov yog sau nyob rau hauv lub qhov hluav taws xob ntawm lub sib cais kem thiab raug rau tshuaj kho mob. los tsim cov khoom Pr6O11 Cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb yog raws li hauv qab no: cov khoom siv raw → kev npaj pub noj → adsorption ntawm lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj adsorption kem → kev sib txuas ntawm kab sib cais → leaching sib cais → sau cov ntshiab praseodymium kua → oxalic acid nag lossis daus → nrhiav → ntim.
2) Kev tsim cov khoom praseodymium oxide siv P-204 extraction method: siv lanthanum cerium praseodymium chloride (La, Ce, Pr) Cl3 ua raw khoom. Sib tov cov ntaub ntawv raw rau hauv cov kua, saponify P-204, thiab ntxiv kerosene los ua cov tshuaj extractant. Cais cov kua pub los ntawm cov extracted praseodymium nyob rau hauv lub mix clarification extraction tank. Tom qab ntawd ntxuav cov impurities hauv cov txheej txheem organic, thiab siv HCl los rho tawm praseodymium kom tau txais cov tshuaj PrCl3 ntshiab. Precipitate nrog oxalic acid, calcine, thiab pob kom tau praseodymium oxide khoom. Cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb yog raws li hauv qab no: raw cov ntaub ntawv → kev npaj pub noj → P-204 extraction ntawm praseodymium → ntxuav → hauv qab acid stripping ntawm praseodymium → ntshiab PrCl3 tov → oxalic acid nag lossis daus → calcination → kuaj → ntim (praseodymium oxide khoom).
3) Kev tsim cov khoom siv praseodymium oxide siv P507 extraction method: Siv cerium praseodymium chloride (Ce, Pr) Cl3 tau los ntawm yav qab teb ionic tsawg lub ntiaj teb concentrate li raw khoom (REO ≥ 45%, praseodymium oxide ≥ 75%). Tom qab rho tawm praseodymium nrog cov tshuaj npaj pub thiab P507 extractant nyob rau hauv lub extraction tank, impurities nyob rau hauv cov organic theem yog ntxuav nrog HCl. Thaum kawg, praseodymium raug rho tawm rov qab nrog HCl kom tau txais cov tshuaj PrCl3 ntshiab. Los nag ntawm praseodymium nrog oxalic acid, calcination, thiab ntim tawm los ntawm praseodymium oxide khoom. Cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb yog raws li hauv qab no: raw cov ntaub ntawv → kev npaj pub noj → extraction ntawm praseodymium nrog P-507 → impurity ntxuav → thim rov qab extraction ntawm praseodymium → ntshiab PrCl3 tov → oxalic acid nag lossis daus → calcination → nrhiav → ntim (praseodymium oxide khoom).
4) Kev tsim cov khoom praseodymium oxide siv P507 extraction method: lanthanum praseodymium chloride (Cl, Pr) Cl3 tau los ntawm kev ua Sichuan tsawg lub ntiaj teb concentrate yog siv los ua raw khoom (REO ≥ 45%, praseodymium oxide 8.05%), thiab nws yog npaj rau hauv cov kua pub. Praseodymium yog ces muab rho tawm nrog saponified P507 extraction tus neeg saib xyuas nyob rau hauv ib tug extraction tank, thiab impurities nyob rau hauv cov organic theem yog tshem tawm los ntawm HCl ntxuav. Tom qab ntawd, HCl tau siv rau kev thim rov qab ntawm praseodymium kom tau txais cov tshuaj PrCl3 ntshiab. Praseodymium oxide khoom yog tau los ntawm precipitating praseodymium nrog oxalic acid, calcining, thiab ntim. Cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb yog: cov khoom siv raw → cov khoom siv tshuaj → P-507 extraction ntawm praseodymium → impurity ntxuav → thim rov qab rho tawm ntawm praseodymium → ntshiab PrCl3 tov → oxalic acid nag lossis daus → calcination → kuaj → ntim (praseodymium oxide khoom).
Tam sim no, cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim cov khoom siv praseodymium oxide hauv Suav teb yog P507 extraction txoj kev siv hydrochloric acid system, uas tau siv dav hauv kev tsim khoom ntawm ntau tus neeg tsawg hauv ntiaj teb oxides thiab tau dhau los ua cov txheej txheem ntau lawm hauv tib yam. kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb, qeb duas ntawm cov saum toj kawg nkaus.
Daim ntawv thov
1. Daim ntawv thov hauv lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj iav
Tom qab ntxiv cov av tsis tshua muaj oxides rau cov khoom sib txawv ntawm cov iav, cov xim sib txawv ntawm lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj tsom iav tuaj yeem ua tau, xws li iav ntsuab, laser iav, magneto optical, thiab fiber ntau iav, thiab lawv daim ntawv thov tau nthuav dav txhua hnub. Tom qab ntxiv praseodymium oxide rau lub khob, lub iav ntsuab tuaj yeem ua tau, uas muaj cov khoom zoo nkauj zoo nkauj thiab tuaj yeem ua raws li cov gemstones. Hom iav no zoo li ntsuab thaum raug tshav ntuj zoo tib yam, thaum nws yuav luag tsis muaj xim nyob hauv qab tswm ciab. Yog li ntawd, nws tuaj yeem siv los ua cov pob zeb cuav thiab cov khoom zoo nkauj, nrog cov xim zoo nkauj thiab ntxim nyiam.
2. Daim ntawv thov nyob rau hauv tsawg ntiaj teb ceramics
Tsis tshua muaj ntiaj teb oxides tuaj yeem siv los ua cov khoom siv ntxiv hauv cov ceramics los ua ntau lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj ceramics nrog kev ua haujlwm zoo dua. Tsis tshua muaj ntiaj teb zoo ceramics ntawm lawv yog cov sawv cev. Nws siv cov khoom siv raw uas tau xaiv thiab siv tau yooj yim los tswj cov txheej txheem thiab cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm, uas tuaj yeem tswj xyuas cov khoom muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm ceramics. Nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob hom: kev ua haujlwm ceramics thiab high-temperature ceramics. Tom qab ntxiv cov oxides tsis tshua muaj hauv ntiaj teb, lawv tuaj yeem txhim kho cov sintering, ntom ntom, microstructure, thiab theem muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm ceramics kom tau raws li cov kev xav tau ntawm kev siv sib txawv. Ceramic glaze ua los ntawm praseodymium oxide raws li cov xim tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm cov cua hauv qhov cub, muaj xim ruaj khov, ci ci ntsa iab, tuaj yeem txhim kho lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg, txhim kho thermal stability thiab zoo ntawm ceramics, nce ntau yam xim, thiab txo cov nqi. Tom qab ntxiv praseodymium oxide rau ceramic pigments thiab glazes, tsis tshua muaj lub ntiaj teb praseodymium daj, praseodymium ntsuab, underglaze liab pigments thiab dawb dab glaze, ivory daj glaze, kua ntsuab porcelain, thiab lwm yam. Hom kev kos duab plooj (porcelain) no muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo dua thiab raug xa tawm zoo, uas yog nrov rau txawv teb chaws. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv txheeb cais, lub ntiaj teb no daim ntawv thov ntawm praseodymium neodymium nyob rau hauv ceramics yog ntau tshaj ib txhiab tons, thiab nws kuj yog ib tug loj tus neeg siv ntawm praseodymium oxide. Nws cia siab tias yuav muaj kev txhim kho loj dua yav tom ntej.
3. Daim ntawv thov hauv lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov
Qhov siab tshaj plaws magnetic zog khoom (BH) ntawm (Pr, Sm) Co5 mus tas li hlau nplaum m = 27MG θ e (216K J / m3). Yog li ntawd, kev siv Pr tsim cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov tseem muaj peev xwm siv tau hauv kev lag luam thiab kev lag luam hauv pej xeem.
4. Daim ntawv thov nyob rau hauv lwm qhov chaw los tsim corundum sib tsoo lub log.
Rau lub hauv paus ntawm corundum dawb, ntxiv txog 0.25% praseodymium neodymium oxide tuaj yeem ua rau lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj corundum sib tsoo log, txhim kho lawv cov kev sib tsoo zoo heev. Ua kom sib tsoo tus nqi los ntawm 30% mus rau 100%, thiab muab ob npaug rau lub neej kev pab cuam. Praseodymium oxide muaj cov khoom polishing zoo rau qee cov ntaub ntawv, yog li nws tuaj yeem siv los ua cov khoom siv polishing rau kev ua haujlwm polishing. Nws muaj li ntawm 7.5% praseodymium oxide nyob rau hauv cerium raws li polishing hmoov thiab yog tsuas yog siv rau polishing kho qhov muag tsom iav, hlau cov khoom, tiaj tus iav, thiab TV tubes. Cov nyhuv polishing yog qhov zoo thiab daim ntawv thov ntim loj, uas tau dhau los ua cov hmoov polishing tseem ceeb hauv Suav teb tam sim no. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev siv cov roj av cracking catalysts tuaj yeem txhim kho cov kev ua haujlwm catalytic, thiab tuaj yeem siv los ua cov khoom siv ntxiv rau steelmaking, purifying molten steel, thiab lwm yam. Hauv luv luv, daim ntawv thov ntawm praseodymium oxide yog txuas ntxiv mus, nrog rau kev siv ntau dua nyob rau hauv ib lub xeev sib xyaw ntxiv. ib daim ntawv ntawm praseodymium oxide. Nws tau kwv yees tias qhov kev hloov no yuav txuas ntxiv mus rau yav tom ntej.
Post lub sij hawm: May-26-2023