Rare ntiaj teb nanomaterials Tsis tshua muaj lub ntiaj teb cov ntsiab lus muaj qhov tshwj xeeb 4f sub txheej hluav taws xob qauv, loj atomic magnetic lub sij hawm, muaj zog spin orbit coupling thiab lwm yam ntxwv, uas ua rau cov nplua nuj optical, hluav taws xob, hlau nplaum thiab lwm yam khoom. Lawv yog cov khoom siv tswv yim tseem ceeb rau cov teb chaws thoob ntiaj teb los hloov cov kev lag luam ib txwm muaj thiab txhim kho cov cuab yeej siv siab, thiab raug hu ua "cov khoom muaj nqis ntawm cov khoom tshiab".
Ntxiv rau nws cov ntawv thov hauv cov teb ib txwm muaj xws li metallurgical machinery, petrochemicals, iav ceramics, thiab lub teeb textiles,tsawg ntiaj tebkuj tseem yog cov ntaub ntawv txhawb nqa tseem ceeb hauv thaj chaw tshiab xws li lub zog huv, tsheb loj, tsheb tshiab, lub teeb pom kev zoo semiconductor, thiab cov khoom siv tshiab, muaj feem xyuam nrog tib neeg lub neej.
Tom qab ntau xyoo ntawm txoj kev loj hlob, lub hom phiaj ntawm lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj kev tshawb fawb txog kev sib raug zoo tau hloov pauv los ntawm smelting thiab kev sib cais ntawm ib qho high-purity tsawg lub ntiaj teb mus rau high-tech daim ntaub ntawv ntawm tsawg ntiaj teb nyob rau hauv magnetism, optics, hluav taws xob, lub zog cia, catalysis, biomedicine, thiab lwm yam teb. Ntawm qhov tod tes, muaj qhov sib txawv ntau dua rau cov khoom siv tsis tshua muaj hauv ntiaj teb hauv cov khoom siv; Ntawm qhov tod tes, nws tau tsom mus rau qhov tsis tshua muaj qhov ua haujlwm siv lead ua cov ntaub ntawv hais txog morphology. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nrog kev txhim kho nanoscience niaj hnub, sib txuas cov teebmeem me me, cov teebmeem quantum, cov teebmeem saum npoo, thiab cov teebmeem cuam tshuam ntawm nanomaterials nrog cov txheej txheem hluav taws xob tshwj xeeb ntawm cov ntsiab lus tsis tshua muaj hauv ntiaj teb, tsis tshua muaj lub ntiaj teb nanomaterials nthuav tawm ntau cov khoom tshiab txawv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ib txwm muaj, ua kom pom tseeb. kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tsis tshua muaj hauv ntiaj teb, Thiab txuas ntxiv nthuav dav nws daim ntawv thov hauv thaj chaw ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ib txwm muaj thiab tshiab high-tech manufacturing.
Tam sim no, muaj cov hauv qab no tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo heev hauv ntiaj teb nanomaterials, uas yog lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj nano luminescent cov ntaub ntawv, tsis tshua muaj lub ntiaj teb nano catalytic cov ntaub ntawv, tsawg ntiaj teb nano magnetic cov ntaub ntawv,nano cerium oxideCov ntaub ntawv tiv thaiv ultraviolet, thiab lwm yam khoom siv nano.
No.1Rare ntiaj teb nano luminescent cov ntaub ntawv
01. Tsis tshua muaj ntiaj teb organic-inorganic hybrid luminescent nanomaterials
Cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw ua ke sib xyaw ua haujlwm sib txawv ntawm qib molecular kom ua tiav cov haujlwm ntxiv thiab ua kom zoo dua. Organic inorganic hybrid cov khoom muaj lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov organic thiab inorganic Cheebtsam, qhia zoo txhua yam stability, yooj, thermal stability thiab zoo heev processability.
Tsis tshua muaj ntiaj tebcomplexes muaj ntau yam zoo, xws li cov xim purity siab, lub neej ntev ntawm lub xeev zoo siab, siab quantum yield, thiab nplua nuj emission spectrum kab. Lawv tau siv dav hauv ntau qhov chaw, xws li zaub, kho qhov muag waveguide amplification, solid-state lasers, biomarker, thiab tiv thaiv kev ua txhaum cai. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov tsis tshua muaj photothermal stability thiab kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj kev cuam tshuam cuam tshuam rau lawv daim ntawv thov thiab kev nce qib. Kev sib koom ua ke tsis tshua muaj lub ntiaj teb complexes nrog inorganic matrices nrog cov khoom siv zoo thiab kev ruaj ntseg yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo los txhim kho cov khoom luminescent ntawm tsawg lub ntiaj teb complexes.
Txij li thaum txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tsawg ntiaj teb cov organic inorganic hybrid khoom, lawv txoj kev loj hlob tiam sis qhia cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no:
① Cov khoom siv hybrid tau los ntawm cov tshuaj doping txoj kev muaj cov khoom siv ruaj khov, cov nyiaj doping siab thiab cov khoom sib xws;
② Hloov los ntawm ib qho khoom siv ua haujlwm rau cov khoom siv ntau yam, tsim cov khoom siv ntau yam los ua kom lawv cov kev siv ntau dua;
③ Cov matrix muaj ntau haiv neeg, los ntawm feem ntau silica mus rau ntau yam substrates xws li titanium dioxide, organic polymers, av nplaum, thiab ionic kua.
02. Dawb LED tsis tshua muaj lub ntiaj teb luminescent khoom
Piv nrog cov khoom siv teeb pom kev zoo uas twb muaj lawm, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob semiconductor xws li lub teeb-emitting diodes (LEDs) muaj qhov zoo xws li kev ua haujlwm ntev, kev siv hluav taws xob tsawg, kev ua haujlwm siab luminous, mercury dawb, UV dawb, thiab kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov. Lawv raug suav hais tias yog "them plaub lub teeb ci" tom qab cov teeb ci, cov teeb fluorescent, thiab cov roj teeb muaj zog siab (HIDs).
Dawb LED yog tsim los ntawm chips, substrates, phosphors, thiab tsav tsheb. Tsis tshua muaj lub ntiaj teb fluorescent hmoov plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm LED dawb. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, ntau qhov kev tshawb fawb ua haujlwm tau ua tiav ntawm cov dawb LED phosphors thiab kev vam meej tau ua tiav:
① Kev txhim kho ntawm hom tshiab phosphor zoo siab los ntawm xiav LED (460m) tau ua tiav kev tshawb fawb doping thiab hloov kho ntawm YAO2Ce (YAG: Ce) siv xiav LED chips los txhim kho lub teeb pom kev zoo thiab xim rendering;
② Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov hmoov fluorescent tshiab zoo siab los ntawm lub teeb ci ultraviolet (400m) lossis ultraviolet lub teeb (360mm) tau kawm txog cov qauv, qauv, thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov xim liab thiab ntsuab xiav xiav fluorescent hmoov, nrog rau qhov sib txawv ntawm peb cov hmoov fluorescent. kom tau txais dawb LED nrog cov xim sib txawv;
③ Kev ua hauj lwm ntxiv tau ua tiav ntawm cov teeb meem kev tshawb fawb hauv cov txheej txheem kev npaj cov hmoov fluorescent, xws li kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov txheej txheem kev npaj ntawm cov flux, kom ntseeg tau qhov zoo thiab ruaj khov ntawm cov hmoov fluorescent.
Tsis tas li ntawd, lub teeb dawb LED feem ntau siv cov txheej txheem ntim khoom sib xyaw ntawm fluorescent hmoov thiab silicone. Vim tias qhov tsis zoo thermal conductivity ntawm cov hmoov fluorescent, cov cuab yeej yuav ua kom sov vim lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntev, ua rau silicone aging thiab shortening lub cuab yeej siv lub neej. Qhov teeb meem no tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv high-power dawb lub teeb LEDs. Kev ntim cov chaw taws teeb yog ib txoj hauv kev los daws qhov teeb meem no los ntawm kev txuas cov hmoov fluorescent rau hauv lub substrate thiab cais nws los ntawm lub teeb xiav LED, yog li txo qhov cuam tshuam ntawm tshav kub tsim los ntawm cov nti ntawm kev ua haujlwm luminescent ntawm cov hmoov fluorescent. Yog tias tsawg lub ntiaj teb fluorescent ceramics muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov thermal conductivity, siab corrosion kuj, siab stability, thiab zoo heev optical tso zis kev ua tau zoo, lawv muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo raws li daim ntawv thov ntawm high-power dawb LED nrog lub zog ceev. Micro nano hmoov nrog kev ua haujlwm siab sintering thiab siab dispersion tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb ua ntej rau kev npaj siab transparency tsawg lub ntiaj teb kho qhov muag ua haujlwm ceramics nrog kev ua haujlwm siab kho qhov muag.
03.Rare ntiaj teb upconversion luminescent nanomaterials
Upconversion luminescence yog ib hom tshwj xeeb ntawm cov txheej txheem luminescence yam ntxwv los ntawm kev nqus ntawm ntau lub zog qis photons los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv luminescent thiab tiam ntawm high-zog photon emission. Piv nrog rau cov organic dye molecules los yog quantum dots, tsis tshua muaj lub ntiaj teb upconversion luminescent nanomaterials muaj ntau yam zoo xws li loj los tiv thaiv Stokes hloov, nqaim emission band, zoo stability, tsis tshua muaj toxicity, siab cov ntaub so ntswg nkag mus rau hauv qhov tob, thiab tsawg spontaneous fluorescence cuam tshuam. Lawv muaj kev thov dav dav hauv thaj chaw biomedical.
Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, tsis tshua muaj lub ntiaj teb upconversion luminescent nanomaterials tau ua qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev sib txuas, kev hloov kho saum npoo, kev ua haujlwm saum npoo, thiab kev siv biomedical. Cov neeg txhim kho cov luminescence kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm optimizing lawv muaj pes tsawg leeg, theem xeev, loj, thiab lwm yam. ntawm nanoscale, thiab combining cov tub ntxhais/plhaub qauv kom txo tau lub luminescence quenching chaw, thiaj li yuav ua rau kom qhov kev hloov yuav tshwm sim. Los ntawm kev hloov kho tshuaj, tsim cov thev naus laus zis nrog biocompatibility zoo kom txo tau cov tshuaj lom neeg, thiab txhim kho cov qauv duab rau upconversion luminescent nyob hlwb thiab hauv vivo; Tsim kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev sib txuas ua ke raws li kev xav tau ntawm cov ntawv thov sib txawv (cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, hauv vivo fluorescence imaging, photodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy, photo controlled release drug, etc.).
Txoj kev tshawb no muaj peev xwm siv tau zoo heev thiab cov txiaj ntsig kev lag luam, thiab muaj qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tshawb fawb rau kev txhim kho nanomedicine, kev txhawb nqa tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv, thiab kev vam meej hauv zej zog.
No.2 Rare earth nano magnetic cov ntaub ntawv
Cov khoom siv hlau nplaum tsis tshua muaj hauv ntiaj teb tau dhau los ntawm peb theem kev txhim kho: SmCo5, Sm2Co7, thiab Nd2Fe14B. Raws li ceev ceev quenched NdFeB sib nqus hmoov rau cov khoom siv hlau nplaum ruaj khov, cov qoob loo loj li ntawm 20nm txog 50nm, ua rau nws yog ib qho khoom siv nanocrystalline tsis tshua muaj lub ntiaj teb cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov.
Lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj cov ntaub ntawv nanomagnetic muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm qhov me me, ib tus qauv sau npe, thiab kev sib koom tes siab. Kev siv cov ntaub ntawv sib nqus tuaj yeem txhim kho cov teeb liab-rau-suab nrov piv thiab cov duab zoo. Vim nws qhov me me thiab muaj kev ntseeg siab, nws siv nyob rau hauv micro lub cev muaj zog yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev txhim kho cov tiam tshiab ntawm aviation, aerospace, thiab marine motors. Rau magnetic nco, magnetic fluid, Giant Magneto Resistance cov ntaub ntawv, qhov kev ua tau zoo tuaj yeem txhim kho tau zoo, ua rau cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm siab thiab ua haujlwm me me.
No.3Rare ntiaj teb nanocov ntaub ntawv catalytic
Tsis tshua muaj lub ntiaj teb cov ntaub ntawv catalytic koom nrog yuav luag tag nrho cov tshuaj tiv thaiv catalytic. Vim muaj qhov cuam tshuam saum npoo, ntim cov teebmeem, thiab cov teebmeem quantum loj, lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj nanotechnology tau nce kev nyiam. Hauv ntau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, tsis tshua muaj lub ntiaj teb catalysts yog siv. Yog tias tsis tshua muaj lub ntiaj teb nanocatalys siv, cov kev ua haujlwm catalytic thiab kev ua haujlwm yuav zoo dua.
Tsis tshua muaj ntiaj teb nanocatalysts feem ntau yog siv rau hauv roj av catalytic cracking thiab purification kev kho mob ntawm automotive pa. Cov khoom siv nanocatalytic tsis tshua muaj hauv ntiaj teb feem ntau yog sivCeO 2thiablwj 2o3, uas tuaj yeem siv los ua catalysts thiab txhawb nqa, nrog rau cov cab kuj catalyst.
No.4Nano cerium oxideCov khoom siv tiv thaiv ultraviolet
Nano cerium oxide yog lub npe hu ua tus thib peb tiam ultraviolet cais tus neeg saib xyuas, nrog rau kev sib cais zoo thiab kev xa tawm siab. Nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj pleev ib ce, uas tsis muaj catalytic kev ua si nano ceria yuav tsum tau siv raws li ib tug UV cais tus neeg sawv cev. Yog li ntawd, kev ua lag luam saib xyuas thiab kev lees paub ntawm nano cerium oxide ultraviolet shielding cov ntaub ntawv yog siab. Kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv ntawm kev sib koom ua ke ntawm kev sib koom ua ke yuav tsum muaj cov ntaub ntawv tshiab rau cov txheej txheem kev tsim khoom ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Cov ntaub ntawv tshiab muaj cov kev xav tau ntau dua rau polishing kua, thiab semiconductor tsawg lub ntiaj teb polishing kua yuav tsum tau ua kom tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau muaj, nrog ceev polishing ceev thiab tsawg polishing ntim. Nano tsawg lub ntiaj teb polishing cov ntaub ntawv muaj kev lag luam dav.
Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua tswv cuab ntawm lub tsheb tau ua rau muaj huab cua phem heev, thiab kev teeb tsa lub tsheb ua kom huv huv catalysts yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los tswj cov pa phem. Nano cerium zirconium composite oxides ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm cov roj purification.
No.5 Lwm yam khoom siv nano
01. Rare earth nano ceramic cov ntaub ntawv
Nano ceramic hmoov tuaj yeem txo qhov kub ntawm sintering, uas yog 200 ℃ ~ 300 ℃ qis dua li ntawm cov hmoov uas tsis yog nano ceramic nrog tib qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg. Ntxiv nano CeO2 rau ceramics tuaj yeem txo sintering kub, inhibit lattice kev loj hlob, thiab txhim kho qhov ntom ntawm ceramics. Ntxiv cov ntsiab lus tsawg hauv ntiaj teb xws liY2O3, CeO 2, or lwj 2o3 to ZrO2tuaj yeem tiv thaiv qhov kub kub hloov pauv thiab embrittlement ntawm ZrO2, thiab tau txais ZrO2 theem transformation toughened ceramic structural cov ntaub ntawv.
Electronic ceramics (electronic sensors, PTC cov ntaub ntawv, microwave cov ntaub ntawv, capacitors, thermistors, thiab lwm yam) npaj siv ultrafine los yog nanoscale CeO2, Y2O3,Nd2O 3, sm2o3 ua, thiab lwm yam tau txhim kho hluav taws xob, thermal, thiab ruaj khov zog.
Ntxiv tsawg lub ntiaj teb activated photocatalytic composite cov ntaub ntawv rau lub glaze mis yuav npaj tsis tshua muaj lub ntiaj teb antibacterial ceramics.
02.Rare earth nano nyias zaj duab xis cov ntaub ntawv
Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis, kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom lag luam tau dhau los ua nruj, yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo, ultra-nyias, ultra-siab ceev, thiab ultra-filling ntawm cov khoom. Tam sim no, muaj peb pawg loj ntawm lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj nano zaj duab xis tsim: tsawg lub ntiaj teb complex nano films, tsawg ntiaj teb oxide nano films, thiab tsawg ntiaj teb nano alloy films. Tsis tshua muaj lub ntiaj teb nano zaj duab xis kuj ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam ntaub ntawv, catalysis, lub zog, kev thauj mus los, thiab tshuaj kho lub neej.
Xaus
Tuam Tshoj yog lub teb chaws loj hauv cov peev txheej tsawg hauv ntiaj teb. Kev txhim kho thiab siv cov khoom siv hauv ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj nanomaterials yog ib txoj hauv kev tshiab los siv cov peev txheej tsawg hauv ntiaj teb. Txhawm rau nthuav dav daim ntawv thov ntawm lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj thiab txhawb kev tsim cov khoom siv tshiab, yuav tsum tsim cov txheej txheem theoretical tshiab los ua kom tau raws li kev tshawb fawb xav tau ntawm nanoscale, ua kom tsis tshua muaj ntiaj teb nanomaterials muaj kev ua tau zoo dua, thiab ua kom muaj qhov tshwm sim. ntawm cov khoom tshiab thiab cov haujlwm ua tau.
Post lub sij hawm: May-29-2023