Njira yochotsera zosungunulira
Njira yogwiritsira ntchito zosungunulira za organic kuchotsa ndi kulekanitsa chinthu chochotsedwa ku njira yamadzimadzi yotchedwa immiscible imatchedwa organic solvent liquid-liquid m'zigawo njira, yofupikitsidwa ngati njira yochotsera zosungunulira. Ndi njira yosinthira zinthu zambiri zomwe zimasamutsa zinthu kuchokera kugawo lamadzi kupita ku lina.
Kutulutsa kosungunuka kwagwiritsidwa ntchito kale m'makampani a petrochemical, organic chemistry, chemistry yamankhwala ndi analytical chemistry. Komabe, m'zaka zapitazi za 40, chifukwa cha chitukuko cha sayansi ndi teknoloji ya atomiki, kufunikira kwa zipangizo zamakono ndi kufufuza zinthu, zosungunulira zosungunulira zakhala zikukula kwambiri mumakampani amafuta a nyukiliya, zitsulo zosowa ndi mafakitale ena.
Poyerekeza ndi njira kulekana monga mpweya graded, graded crystallization, ndi kuwombola ion, zosungunulira m'zigawo ali ndi mndandanda wa ubwino monga kulekana kwenikweni zotsatira, lalikulu kupanga mphamvu, yabwino kwa mofulumira ndi mosalekeza kupanga, ndi zosavuta kukwaniritsa kulamulira basi. Chifukwa chake, pang'onopang'ono yakhala njira yayikulu yolekanitsira unyinji wa maiko osowa.
Zida kulekana ndi zosungunulira m'zigawo njira zikuphatikizapo kusakaniza kumveketsa thanki, centrifugal Sola, etc. The extractants ntchito kuyeretsa osowa dziko monga: cationic extractants akuimiridwa ndi acidic mankwala esters monga P204 ndi P507, anion kuwombola madzi N1923 akuimiridwa ndi amines, ndi zosungunulira extractants. oimiridwa ndi ma esters a phosphate osalowerera ndale monga TBP ndi P350. Zotulutsa izi zimakhala ndi kukhuthala kwakukulu komanso kachulukidwe, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuzilekanitsa ndi madzi. Nthawi zambiri amachepetsedwa ndikugwiritsidwanso ntchito ndi zosungunulira monga palafini.
Njira yochotsera imatha kugawidwa m'magawo atatu: kuchotsa, kutsuka, ndi kubweza m'mbuyo. Mchere zopangira zopezera zitsulo zosowa padziko lapansi ndi zinthu zobalalika.
Nthawi yotumiza: Apr-20-2023