Panopa,dziko losowazinthu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka m'magawo awiri akuluakulu: zachikhalidwe komanso zamakono. M'machitidwe achikhalidwe, chifukwa cha ntchito yayikulu yazitsulo zosawerengeka zapadziko lapansi, zimatha kuyeretsa zitsulo zina ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'makampani opanga zitsulo. Kuonjezera ma oxides osowa padziko lapansi ku zitsulo zosungunula kumatha kuchotsa zonyansa monga arsenic, antimoni, bismuth, ndi zina zotero. Chitsulo champhamvu chochepa cha alloy chopangidwa kuchokera ku oxidis osowa padziko lapansi chingagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga zida zamagalimoto, ndipo zimatha kukanikizidwa mu mbale zachitsulo ndi mapaipi achitsulo, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito. popanga mapaipi amafuta ndi gasi.
Zinthu zosawerengeka zapadziko lapansi zimakhala ndi ntchito zotsogola kwambiri ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zida zowononga mafuta m'makampani amafuta kuti apititse patsogolo zokolola zamafuta opepuka. Dziko lapansi losowa limagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati zoyeretsera utsi wamagalimoto, zowumitsira utoto, zotsitsimutsa kutentha kwa pulasitiki, komanso popanga zinthu monga mphira wopangira, ubweya wopangira, nayiloni. Pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ndi ntchito yopaka utoto wa ma ionic pazinthu zachilendo zapadziko lapansi, amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale agalasi ndi ceramic powunikira magalasi, kupukuta, utoto, decolorization, ndi ma ceramic pigments. Kwa nthawi yoyamba ku China, nthaka yosowa yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito paulimi ngati zinthu zotsalira mu feteleza angapo, kulimbikitsa ulimi. M'machitidwe achikhalidwe, gulu la cerium zinthu zapadziko lapansi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, zomwe zimawerengera pafupifupi 90% ya zinthu zonse zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.dziko losowazinthu.
M'mapulogalamu apamwamba kwambiri, chifukwa cha mawonekedwe apadera amagetsi amayiko osowa,misinkhu yosiyanasiyana ya mphamvu ya kusintha kwamagetsi kumapanga mawonekedwe apadera. Ma oxides ayttrium, terbium,ndieuropiumamagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati ma phosphor ofiira pamakanema amtundu, machitidwe osiyanasiyana owonetsera, komanso popanga mitundu itatu ya ufa wa nyali wa fulorosenti. Kugwiritsa ntchito maginito osowa kwambiri padziko lapansi kupanga maginito osiyanasiyana okhazikika, monga maginito a samarium cobalt okhazikika ndi neodymium iron boron maginito okhazikika, ali ndi chiyembekezo chogwiritsa ntchito magawo osiyanasiyana apamwamba kwambiri monga ma motors amagetsi, zida zama nyukiliya zamaginito, maglev. masitima apamtunda, ndi ma optoelectronics ena. Magalasi a Lanthanum amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati zinthu zopangira magalasi osiyanasiyana, magalasi, ndi ulusi wamaso. Magalasi a Cerium amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zinthu zolimbana ndi ma radiation. Magalasi a Neodymium ndi yttrium aluminiyamu garnet osowa padziko lapansi makhiristo ndi zofunika auroral zipangizo.
Mu makampani apakompyuta, zoumba zosiyanasiyana ndi kuwonjezeraneodymium oxide,lanthanum oxide,ndiyttrium oxideamagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zipangizo zosiyanasiyana capacitor. Zitsulo zapadziko lapansi zosawerengeka zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga mabatire a nickel hydrogen rechargeable. M'makampani opanga mphamvu za atomiki, yttrium oxide imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ndodo zowongolera zida zanyukiliya. Ma alloys opepuka osamva kutentha opangidwa ndi gulu la cerium gulu losowa kwambiri padziko lapansi ndi aluminiyamu ndi magnesiamu amagwiritsidwa ntchito muzamlengalenga kupanga zida za ndege, zapamlengalenga, zoponya, maroketi, ndi zina zambiri. Dziko lapansi losowa limagwiritsidwanso ntchito mu superconducting ndi magnetostrictive zida, koma mbali iyi ikadali mu gawo la kafukufuku ndi chitukuko.
Miyezo yabwino yarare earth metalzinthu zili ndi mbali ziwiri: zomwe zimafunikira m'mafakitale pazosowa zapadziko lapansi komanso milingo yazakudya zapadziko lonse lapansi. Zomwe zili mu F, CaO, TiO2, ndi TFe mu fluorocarbon cerium ore concentrate zidzawunikidwa ndi wogulitsa, koma sizidzagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati maziko owunika; Muyezo wamtundu wosakanikirana wa bastnaesite ndi monazite umagwira ntchito pazowunikira zomwe zimapezeka pambuyo popindula. Zosadetsedwa za P ndi CaO zomwe zili mu giredi yoyamba zimangopereka deta ndipo sizigwiritsidwa ntchito ngati maziko owunika; Monazite concentrate imatanthawuza kuyika kwa miyala yamchenga pambuyo popindula; Phosphorus yttrium ore concentrate imatanthawuzanso kukhazikika komwe kumapezeka mumchenga.
Kukula ndi kutetezedwa kwa ores osowa padziko lapansi kumaphatikizapo ukadaulo wobwezeretsanso ores. Kuyandama, kulekanitsa mphamvu yokoka, kupatukana kwa maginito, ndi kupindula kwa njira zophatikizira zonse zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kukulitsa mchere wapadziko lapansi wosowa. Zinthu zazikulu zomwe zikukhudza kubwezeredwanso ndi monga mitundu ndi zochitika za zinthu zomwe sizikupezeka padziko lapansi, kapangidwe kake, kapangidwe kake, ndi kagawidwe ka minerals osowa padziko lapansi, ndi mitundu ndi mawonekedwe a mchere wa gangue. Njira zosiyanasiyana zopezera phindu ziyenera kusankhidwa malinga ndi zochitika zinazake.
Kupindula kwa ore osowa kwambiri padziko lapansi nthawi zambiri kumatenga njira yoyandama, yomwe nthawi zambiri imaphatikizidwa ndi mphamvu yokoka ndi kupatukana kwa maginito, kupanga kuphatikiza mphamvu yokoka yoyandama, njira zokokera za maginito zosefera. Zoyika zapadziko lapansi zachilendo zimakhazikika kwambiri ndi mphamvu yokoka, yophatikizidwa ndi kupatukana kwa maginito, kuyandama, ndi kulekanitsa magetsi. Malo osungiramo chitsulo cha Baiyunebo ku Inner Mongolia makamaka amakhala ndi miyala ya monazite ndi fluorocarbon cerium ore. Dziko losowa kwambiri lomwe lili ndi 60% REO litha kupezedwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira yophatikizira yosakanikirana yotsuka ndikusamba kwamphamvu yokoka. The Yaniuping rare earth deposit ku Mianning, Sichuan makamaka imapanga fluorocarbon cerium ore, ndipo malo osowa kwambiri padziko lapansi omwe ali ndi 60% REO amapezekanso pogwiritsa ntchito njira yokoka yolekanitsa. Kusankhidwa kwa ma flotation agents ndiye chinsinsi cha kupambana kwa njira yoyandama yopangira mchere. Michere yapadziko lapansi yosowa kwambiri yopangidwa ndi mgodi wa Nanshan Haibin placer ku Guangdong makamaka ndi monazite ndi yttrium phosphate. Dothi lotayirira lomwe limapezeka pakutsuka kwa madzi owonekera limayendetsedwa ndi spiral beneficiation, kutsatiridwa ndi kulekanitsa mphamvu yokoka, kuwonjezeredwa ndi kupatukana kwa maginito ndi kuyandama, kuti mupeze chidwi cha monazite chokhala ndi 60.62% REO ndi phosphorite yokhazikika yomwe ili ndi Y2O525.35%.
Nthawi yotumiza: Oct-17-2023