Chifukwa chachikulu chomwe magalimoto amagetsi alandirira chidwi cha anthu ndikuti kusintha kuchokera ku injini zoyaka utsi kupita ku magalimoto amagetsi kumatha kukhala ndi zabwino zambiri zachilengedwe, kufulumizitsa kubwezeretsedwa kwa ozoni ndikuchepetsa kudalira kwathunthu kwa anthu pamafuta ochepa. Zonsezi ndi zifukwa zabwino zoyendetsera magalimoto amagetsi, koma lingaliro ili liri ndi vuto pang'ono ndipo likhoza kuopseza chilengedwe. Mwachiwonekere, magalimoto amagetsi amayendetsedwa ndi magetsi osati mafuta. Mphamvu yamagetsi iyi imasungidwa mu batri yamkati ya lithiamu-ion. Chinthu chimodzi chomwe ambiri aife timayiwala ndichakuti mabatire samamera pamitengo. Ngakhale mabatire omwe amatha kuchangidwa amawononga ndalama zochepa kwambiri kuposa mabatire omwe amatayidwa omwe mumapeza muzoseweretsa, amafunikabe kuchokera kwinakwake, komwe ndi ntchito yamigodi yomwe imafuna mphamvu zambiri. Mabatire amatha kukhala okonda zachilengedwe kuposa mafuta akamaliza ntchito, koma kupanga kwawo kumafuna kuphunzira mosamala.
Zigawo za batri
Batire yamagalimoto amagetsi imapangidwa ndi ma conductive osiyanasiyanazosowa zapadziko lapansi, kuphatikizaponeodymium, dysprosium, ndipo ndithudi, lithiamu. Zinthuzi zimakumbidwa kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, pamlingo wofanana ndi zitsulo zamtengo wapatali monga golide ndi siliva. M'malo mwake, mchere wapadziko lapansi wosowa uwu ndi wamtengo wapatali kuposa golide kapena siliva, chifukwa umakhala msana wa gulu lathu loyendetsedwa ndi mabatire.
Vuto pano lili ndi mbali zitatu: choyamba, monga mafuta omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga petulo, zinthu zapadziko lapansi zomwe sizipezekapezeka ndizochepa chabe. Pali mitsempha yambiri yamtunduwu padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo pamene ikucheperachepera, mtengo wake udzakwera. Kachiwiri, kukumba miyalayi ndi njira yowonongera mphamvu. Mufunika magetsi kuti mupereke mafuta pazida zonse zamigodi, zida zowunikira, ndi makina opangira. Chachitatu, kukonza miyala kuti ikhale yogwiritsidwa ntchito kumatulutsa zinyalala zambiri, ndipo pakadali pano, sitingachite chilichonse. Zinyalala zina zimatha kukhala ndi radioactivity, yomwe ndi yowopsa kwa anthu komanso malo ozungulira.
Kodi tingatani?
Mabatire akhala gawo lofunika kwambiri la anthu amakono. Titha kuchotsa pang'onopang'ono kudalira kwathu mafuta, koma sitingathe kusiya migodi ya mabatire mpaka wina atapanga mphamvu ya hydrogen kapena kusakaniza kozizira. Ndiye, tingachite chiyani kuti tichepetse vuto la kukolola kosawerengeka padziko lapansi?
Mbali yoyamba ndi yabwino kwambiri ndikubwezeretsanso. Malingana ngati mabatire a magalimoto amagetsi ali osasunthika, zinthu zomwe zimapangidwira zimatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga mabatire atsopano. Kuphatikiza pa mabatire, makampani ena amagalimoto akhala akufufuzanso njira zopangira maginito a injini, omwenso amapangidwa ndi zinthu zomwe sizikupezeka padziko lapansi.
Kachiwiri, tiyenera kusintha zigawo za batri. Makampani amagalimoto akhala akufufuza momwe angachotsere kapena kusintha zinthu zina zosowa m'mabatire, monga cobalt, okhala ndi zida zoteteza zachilengedwe komanso zopezeka mosavuta. Izi zichepetsa kuchuluka kwa migodi komwe kumafunikira ndikupangitsa kuti kukonzanso zinthu kukhala kosavuta.
Pomaliza, tikufuna injini yatsopano. Mwachitsanzo, ma switched reluctance motors amatha kuyendetsedwa popanda kugwiritsa ntchito maginito osowa padziko lapansi, zomwe zingachepetse kufunikira kwathu kwapadziko lapansi. Iwo sali odalirika mokwanira kuti agwiritse ntchito malonda, koma sayansi yatsimikizira izi.
Kuyambira pazokonda zachilengedwe ndichifukwa chake magalimoto amagetsi atchuka kwambiri, koma iyi ndi nkhondo yosatha. Kuti tikwaniritse zomwe tingathe, nthawi zonse tiyenera kufufuza zaukadaulo wotsatira kuti tikwaniritse bwino dziko lathu ndikuchotsa zinyalala.
Gwero: Viwanda Frontiers
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-30-2023