Mwana wa kuwala pakati pa zitsulo zamtundu wapadziko lapansi - scandain

Sinandiumndi gawo la mankhwala ndi chizindikiro cha chinthuScndi chiwerengero cha atomiki 21. Chitsulo ndi chitsulo chofewa, choyera-siliva chomwe chimasakanizidwagadolinium, Erbium, etc. zotulutsa ndizochepa kwambiri, ndipo zomwe zili mu kutumphuka kwapadziko lapansi zili pafupi 0.0005%.

1. Chinsinsi chasinandiumelementi

Malo osungunuka asinandiumndi 1541 ℃, malo owira ndi 2836 ℃, ndipo kuchuluka kwake ndi 2.985 g / cm³. Scandarium ndi chitsulo chopepuka, choyera chasiliva chomwe chimayandikana kwambiri komanso chimatha kuchita ndi madzi otentha kuti apange hydrogen. Chifukwa chake, chinyezi cha zitsulo chomwe mumawona pachithunzichi chidasindikizidwa mu botolo ndikutetezedwa ndi mpweya wa argon. Kupanda kutero, scandarium imapanga mwachangu ng'ombe zamdima kapena imvi kumbuyo ndikutaya losotic yonyezimira.    

2. Akuluakulu a scandarium

Kugwiritsa ntchito scandarium (monga chinthu chachikulu chogwirira ntchito, osati choponda) kumakhazikika pamayendedwe owala kwambiri, ndipo sikuti kukokomeza kutchulanso mwana wa kuwala.

1). Nyali ya sodium imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kubweretsa ma nyumba masauzande ambiri. Ichi ndi gwero la zitsulo zamagetsi: babu limadzala ndi sodium loodide ndi scandaum iodide, ndipo zowoneka bwino ndi sodium ndi sodium zimawonjezeredwa nthawi yomweyo. Pa nthawi yamagetsi yayikulu, ma scandium ma ion ndi sodium ma ions amatulutsa kuwala kwawo ndi mawonekedwe awo. Mizere yowoneka bwino ya sodium ndi ma ray awiri otchuka a chikasu pa 589.0 ndi 589.6nm, pomwe mizere yowoneka bwino ya speandium ndi njira zingapo zochokera ku 361.7.7.7.7. Chifukwa ndi mitundu yopitilira, mtundu wonsewo umapangidwa ndi kuyera koyera. Ndi chifukwa chakuti nyali ya Haldium ili ndi mawonekedwe okwanira kwambiri, utoto wabwino wamagetsi, kupulumutsa mphamvu kwa anthu pa TV ndi mabwalo amphamvu, ndipo amatchedwa mbadwo wachitatu. gwero lopepuka. Ku China, nyali yamtunduwu imalimbikitsidwa ngati ukadaulo watsopano, koma m'maiko ena otukuka, nyali yamtunduwu yagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri monga kumayambiriro kwa 1980s.

2). Ma cell a solar Photovoltaic amatha kutolera kuwala kwamwazika pansi ndikusintha kukhala magetsi omwe amayendetsa anthu. Scandarium ndiye chitsulo chabwino kwambiri mu chitsulo-inshuwar-semiconducy silicon Photovoltaic cell ndi maselo a dzuwa

3). Garmay ya Gambo, chida chamatsenga ichi chitha kudzipenda kwambiri, koma kuunika kwamtunduwu sikungalandiridwe ndi maso athu maliseche. Ndiwoyenda bwino kwambiri. Zomwe nthawi zambiri timatha kuchotsa michere ya 45sc, yomwe ndi yokhayo yachilengedwe ya syotium. Iliyonse ya 45SS ili ndi mapuloni 21 ndi a neutrons 24. Ngati tiika scandarium mu rikiti ya nyukiliya ndikuyilola kuyika radiation neishang lajun's ntchentche kwa masiku 7,74s, 46csc, 46sc. 46sc, Inootope yazithunzi zopangidwa, zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati sopor kapena atomu ya tragace, ndipo imathanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati raditheratrapy ya zotupa zoyipa. Pali ntchito zambiri monga Jttrium-Gallium-Gallium Granders Lasers, Guandium Fluoride adapereka machubu owoneka bwino, ndipo machubu opondaponda opondapondaponda owoneka bwino mu TV. Zikuwoneka kuti standarium imayenera kukhala yowala.

3, zofala wamba za scandarium    1). Terbium Scandate (TBSCO3) Crystal - ali ndi matope abwino ofananira ndi ma supevskite kupanga supercondectors, ndipo ndi njira yabwino kwambiri ya filimu

2).Aluminium scandaum aloy- Choyamba, ndi aluminiyamu kwambiri aluya. Pali njira zingapo zosinthira magwiridwe antchito a aluminiyamu. Pakati pawo, kuyanjana komanso kulimbikitsa komanso kulimbikitsa kwakhala kutsogolo kwa kafukufuku wa aluminium wa aluminium m'zaka 20 zapitazi. Popita ku zombo, Aerospace ntchito yofunsira m'magulu apamwamba monga makampani, mitsempha ya rocket, ndi mphamvu za nyukiliya.

3).Scandaum oxide- Scandamium oxide yabwino kwambiri komanso mankhwala, motero ili ndi mapulogalamu angapo m'munda wa zinthu za zinthu sayansi. Choyamba, oxide oxide amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chowonjezera muzinthu zadenga, zomwe zimatha kusintha kuuma, nyonga ndi kuvala kukana kwa ceramics, kumapangitsa kuti akhale olimba. Kuphatikiza apo, Scandaum oxide imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzekera zida zapamwamba kwambiri zapamwamba. Zinthuzi zikuwonetsa mawonekedwe abwino oyenda pamafuta otsika ndipo amagwira ntchito kwambiri.