Kodi mumadziwa? Ndembe ya Ndenti ya Elementmium idapezeka ku Vienna mu 1885 ndi Karl Auer. Ndikuphunzira Amonium Ammonrate Tetrahydirate, orr adasiyanitsa Newymium ndipoPraseymiumKuchokera kusakanikirana kwa Newdymium ndi Pragesoodmium kudzera pakuwunika kwa spartroscopic. Pofuna kukumbukira zomwe wapezaYNTrium, katswiri wa katswiri wa zama Germany Welsbbach, orr wotchedwa Neodymium "Newdyoum", kuchokera pamawu achi Greek" Neos "kutanthauza" zatsopano "ndi" kutanthauza "mapasa".
Pambuyo pa orr adapeza chinthuchoNewdyoum, ochita zamankhwala ena anali kukayikira zopeza. Komabe, mu 1925, chitsanzo choyamba cha chitsulo chimapangidwa. Mu 1950s, magawo a Mankhwala a Lindsay
Kuyeretsa malonda ku Neodymium kudzera mu Ion Kusinthana njira.
Kwa kanthawi pambuyo pa kupezeka kwa Nentymium, sikunagwiritsidwe ntchito kwambiri. Komabe, ndi chitukuko cha sayansi ndi ukadaulo, Nentanmium Chunment ayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'minda yambiri chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake apadera ndi mankhwala. Mu 1930s, Newmermium imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati utoto wagalasi, ndi galasi la Ninedmium lidagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga galasi lofiirira kapena lalanje.
Newdyoumwakopa chidwi chifukwa cha zinthu zake zapadera komanso zamankhwala. Makamaka m'zaka zaposachedwa, kugwiritsa ntchitoNewdyoumM'magawo ambiri apitiliza kukulitsa, ndipo phindu lake latchuka kwambiri. Ndiye, kodi ndi chachilendo kwambiri pa Nentymium? Lero, tisavule chinsinsi cha Newsmium.
Magawo ogwiritsa ntchito a Nentymium Element
1. Zipangizo zamagalasi: kugwiritsa ntchito ku Newdymium kumapangidwa kumapanga maginito osatha. Makamaka, Newdymium iron Boron Magnets (NDFFB) ndi ena mwamphamvu kwambiriMaginito osatha. Maginito awa amagwiritsidwa ntchito posintha ndi kusunga mphamvu m'magawo monga moto, zida zoyerekeza zamatsenga, ma drive a hards, oyamwa ndi magalimoto amakono.
2.ziwalo zamagalimoto ndi zina zapamwamba. Kulimbikira.
3. Ndondomeko ya Ninedymium-Inron: Newdymium imathanso kuchita zachitsulo kuti mupange zida zamagetsi zolimbitsa thupi, monga mu geneti yoyendetsa magalimoto pamagetsi.
4. Chithandizo cha Madzi: Mafuta a ku Newnsmium angagwiritsidwe ntchito m'madzi amadzi, makamaka pochotsa mabodza oyeretsedwa. Izi zili ndi tanthauzo lofunikira kuti chitetezero zachilengedwe ndi zinthu zamadzi.
5. Ndfeb ufa: Newdymium amatenga gawo lofunikira popanga nddfeb ufa, womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga maginito osatha.
6. Mapulogalamu azachipatala: Ngakhale si malo owerengera, Nindymium imagwiritsidwanso ntchito pazida zina zamankhwala, monga makina opanga maginito (marri).
7. Nyuzi ya Ndenem Newsmium: Newyedmium Courciation imagwiritsidwanso ntchito pamafuta ena otentha ndi othandizira.
Maginito apadera ndi mankhwala a ku Ndedymium imapangitsa kuti ikhale yogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'minda yambiri, makamaka pamagetsi, mphamvu ndi zida sayansi.
Zinthu zakuthupi za ku NedymiumNewdyoumChizindikiro cha Chete: ND, nambala ya atomiki: 60. Ndi gawo losowa kwambiri padziko lapansi lazinthu zapadera. Zotsatirazi ndi mawu atsatanetsatane kwa zinthu za ku Newdymium:
1. Kuchulukitsa: Kuchulukitsa ku Newdymium kuli pafupifupi 7.0 g / cubite sentimita. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zizikhala zopepuka kuposa zinthu zina zambiri zachitsulo, komabe zowonda.
2. Mfundo zosungunuka ndi zowirika: malo osungunuka a Newdymium ndi pafupifupi madigiri 1024 Celsius (madigiri 1875 digiri pafupifupi 3074 digirili Fahsius). Izi zikuwonetsa kuti ku Newdymium kuli ndi malo osungunuka kwambiri komanso owotcha, kupangitsa kukhala malo okhazikika m'madzi ambiri.
3. Kapangidwe ka Crystal: Ninedyomium idzawonetsa nyumba zosiyanasiyana zozungulira kutentha kosiyanasiyana. Kutentha kwambiri, kumakhala ndi kapangidwe ka hexagonal yolimba kwambiri, koma kusintha kwa cubic kokhazikika kwa thupi pomwe kutentha kumaleredwa mpaka madigiri 863 digiri Celsius.
4. Magnetism:Newdyoumndi paramaginetic firiji, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti imakopeka ndi maginito akunja. Komabe, akakhazikika mpaka kutentha kwambiri (pafupifupi -25.2 Celsius kapena -423.8 Fahrenheiit), imakhala antifrearromagnetic, akuwonetsa mbali ina yamphamvu.
5. Umunthu wamagetsi: NdeneMmium ndi wodabwitsa kwambiri wamagetsi, wokhala ndi mawonekedwe amagetsi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti si munthu wochititsa magetsi ndipo sioyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu monga mawaya electronic.
6. Ulendo wambiri: Ndedyomium ilinso ndi mawonekedwe otsika mtengo, osapangitsa kuti isakhale yosayenera kwa ntchito zamagetsi.
7. Utoto ndi Loster: Nyunmentium ndi chitsulo choyera-siliva chokhala ndi chotupa chowala.
8. Mwayiko
Kuchuluka kwa undontrodmium kumapangitsa kuti zizifunika kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito, makamaka popanga zida zam'madzi ndi kutentha kwambiri. Paramagnetic yake ndi antiferromagnetics imapangitsanso kuti pakhale kufunikira kwina pakuphunzira zida ndi zinthu zosakwanira.
Mankhwala a Nedymium
Newdyoum. Zotsatirazi ndi mawu atsatanetsatane kwa mankhwala a Newdymium:
1. Kuchititsidwana: Ndene ndi mtundu wogwira ntchito kwambiri padziko lapansi. Mphepo, Newdymium amagwira mwachangu ndi mpweya kuti apange undodmium maayaidi. Izi zimapangitsa kuti Nedymium isalepheretse kutentha kutentha kwa firiji ndipo idzayatsa oxidize mwachangu.
2. Kusungunuka: Nitrodmium imatha kusungunuka mu ma acid ena, monga gwiritsani ntchito Nitric acid (HNE3) ndi Hydrochloric acid (HCL), koma kusungunuka kwake m'madzi ndi kotsika.
3. Zopanga: Ninedmium imatha kupanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana, nthawi zambiri ndi mpweya, hulogen, sulufule ndi zinthu zina kuti apange mankhwala, olima, ndi zina zambiri.
4. MATODOMO: Ninedmium nthawi zambiri imakhalapo mu makutidwe a +3 oxidation, omwe ndi malo ake okhazikika okhazikika. Komabe, m'mikhalidwe yakuti +2 ya makutidwe ndi makutina amakhozanso kukhazikitsidwa.
5. Zojambulazi nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi mapulogalamu ofunikira mu maginito ndi zojambula.
6. Mankhwala Kutengeka: Newdymium imatha kukhala yothandizira kapena kutenga nawo mbali pazomwe zimachitika mu mankhwala ena, makamaka m'minda yamadzi okwera kwambiri ndi zinthu zamagetsi.
7. Katundu wophatikizira: Chifukwa cha mtundu wake wotanganidwa, Ninedymium amatha kukhala ogwiritsa ntchito ngati oxodding muzochitika zina, ndikupangitsa kuti zinthu zina zithetse ma elekitoni.
Mankhwala a ku Newdymium amapangitsa kuti azichita nawo gawo lofunikira mu magawo ena, makamaka m'matsenga, kutentha kwambiri komanso kafukufuku ka kafukufuku wa sayansi.
Zachilengedwe za ku Newdymium
Kugwiritsa ntchito ku Newdmium mu gawo la biomedarical kuli ndi malire chifukwa si chinthu chofunikira pamoyo komanso wailesi yake ndi yofooka, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yosayenera ku makikiti a nyukiliya. Komabe, pali madera ena ofufuza komanso ogwiritsa ntchito ku Newdymium. Izi ndi mawu atsatanetsatane a biomedical katundu wa Newdymium:
1. Magnetic reponance (MRI) Yothandizira: Kuphatikiza pa Newddium Masuons m'matope olerera atha kukulitsa zithunzi za MRI, kupangitsa kuti minofu ina kapena zotupa sizingayang'ane. Kugwiritsa ntchitoku kudakali mu kafukufuku koma kumatha kuganiza za biomida.
2. Izi nanoparticles zitha kukhazikitsidwa m'thupi kenako ndikumasulidwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe wolandila kapena kuchita mankhwala monga mankhwala kutentha. Maginito a tinthuwa amathanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuwongolera ndikuwunika njira ya chithandizo.
3. Chithandizo chotupa: Ngakhale osalandira chithandizo mwachindunji, kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti ku Newdymium Maginitsi angagwiritsidwe ntchito molumikizana ndi chithandizo china, monga mankhwala a Maginito. Mwanjira imeneyi, ku Newnsmuum Magnetic kumayambitsidwa m'thupi kenako ndikuwotchera maginito akunja kuti awononge ma cell. Ichi ndi chithandizo choyesera ndipo chikuphunzitsidwa.
4. Zida Zofufuzira: Zina mwazinthu za chilengedwe zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zida zoyesera mu kafukufukuyu, monga kuphunzira kwa maselo ndi maselo azomwe amamwa. Magawo awa nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pophunzira madera monga mankhwala osokoneza bongo, bioanalysis, ndi kulingalira molengo.
Dziwani kuti kugwiritsa ntchito ku Nedymium m'munda wa biomededical kuli kwatsopano ndipo kumapitilirabe kupitiliza ndi kufufuza. Ntchito zake ndizochepa ndi dziko lake losowa komanso zojambulajambula ndikufunika kulinganiza mosamala. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito ku Newddium kapena mankhwala ake, malangizo otetezeka komanso malangizo ayenera kutsatiridwa kuti atsimikizire kuti anthu ndi chilengedwe.
Kugawa kwachilengedwe kwa Nedymium
Newdymium ndi chinthu chosowa kwambiri padziko lapansi chomwe chimagawidwa kwambiri mwachilengedwe. Zotsatirazi ndi mawu atsatanetsatane ogawa za Newdymium mu chilengedwe:
1. Kukhala ndi dziko lapansi: Nineddium ndi imodzi mwa zinthu zomwe zili padziko lapansi, ndipo zochuluka zake ndi pafupifupi 38 mg / kg. Izi zimapangitsa ku Newdmuum wochuluka kwambiri padziko lapansi kutumphuka kwa dziko lapansi, komwe kunali kwachiwiri pakati pa zinthu zamphongo padziko lapansi, pambuyo pa cerium. Newdymium imapezeka kwambiri kuposa zitsulo zina monga ma tungsten, kutsogolera ndi tini.
2. Muzachilendo Padziko Lapansi: Newdymium nthawi zambiri sizikhala mu mawonekedwe a zinthu zaulere, koma mwa mitundu yophatikizika mu michere ya padziko lapansi. Newdymium ili ndi mitundu ina yaikulu yoyipa yobiriwira monga Monazite ndi Bastnäsui. Newdmium mu ore awa amatha kulekanitsidwa kudzera snung ndi popanga njira zamalonda.
3. Komabe, nthawi zambiri zimapezeka pang'ono.
4. Madzi a nyanja: Ngakhale kuti ku Newdmium kulipo m'madzi am'nyanja, ndende yake ndi yotsika kwambiri, nthawi zambiri imangokhala mu micrograph / lita. Chifukwa chake, kuchotsa Newymium kuchokera m'madzi nthawi zambiri si njira yopindulitsa yachuma.
Nondymium ili ndi kuchuluka kwa kutumphuka kwa dziko lapansi, koma kumapezeka kwambiri m'michere. Kupeza ndi kusenda ku Newdmium nthawi zambiri kumafuna kusungunula ndikuyenga njira kuti akwaniritse zosowa zamalonda zamalonda ndi mafakitale. Zinthu zamtundu wapadziko lapansi monga Nedymium amatenga maudindo ofunikira muukadaulo wamakono komanso makampani, chifukwa kufufuza ndi kasamalidwe kawo ndizofunikira.
Migodi, Yowonjezera ndi Kununkhira kwa Nedymium
Migodi ndi kupanga ku Newdymium ndi njira yovuta yomwe nthawi zambiri imagwirizanitsa njira zotsatirazi:
1. Migodi ya Depol of Romrol Incouts: Newdymium imapezeka kwambiri padziko lapansi, monga monazite ndi Bastnälite. Migodi yoyipa ya ored ndi gawo loyamba kupanga ku Newdymium. Izi zimaphatikizapo kuyembekezera zachilengedwe, migodi, yofukula ndi kuchotsera kwa ore.
2. Kukonzanso kwa ore: mukangotulutsidwa kwa migodi yotulutsidwa, imafunikira njira zingapo zakuthupi zodzipatulira ndi kuchotsera zachilengedwe padziko lapansi, kuphatikizapo ku Newdymium. Njira zochizira izi zingaphatikizepo chingaphatikize, kulongosola, ma acid yoyera ndi kusungunuka.
3. Kulekanitsa ndi kuchotsa ku Newdymium: Kusalala komwe kumakhala ndi zinthu zomwe zimasowa kwambiri padziko lapansi nthawi zambiri kumafuna kupatukana kwina ndikuchotsa. Izi nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo njira zolekanitsa zamankhwala monga zosungunulira kapena zosinthana ndi ion. Njirazi zimaloleza zinthu zosiyanasiyana padziko lapansi kuti zilekanitsidwe pang'onopang'ono.
4. Kuthana ndi Newdymium: Newdymium Kamodzi, nthawi zambiri imayamba kukonzanso zodetsa. Izi zitha kuphatikizira njira monga zosungunulira zosungunulira, kuchepetsa ndi electrolysis.
5. Kukonzekera kwa Alloy: Ntchito zina za ku Newdymium zimafuna kuti ziziwathandiza ndi zitsulo zina, monga chitsulo, boron ndi alumnmium, kukonza Newdmium mavalidwe kapena kutentha kwambiri.
6. Kukonzekera ku zinthu: Zinthu za ku Newddium zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza zinthu zosiyanasiyana, monga maginito, maginito okhazikika, zinthu za maginito, etc., mphamvu za sayansi.
Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti migodi ndi kupanga kwa zinthu zachilengedwe padziko lapansi ndi njira yovuta yomwe nthawi zambiri imafunikira miyezo yachilengedwe komanso chitetezo. Kuphatikiza apo, kupezeka kwa migodi yapadziko lapansi yaing'ono kwambiri padziko lapansi kumakhudzidwanso kumakhudzidwa ndi geofolititics ndi kusinthasintha kwa msika, kotero kupanga ndi kuperewera kwa zinthu zam'dziko lapansi zapangitsa chidwi padziko lonse lapansi.
Njira yodziwika ya Nedymium Element
1. Mayamiki a atomu (AAS): Mayamwidwe a atomic Sportrometry ndi njira yogwiritsidwa ntchito pokambirana, yoyenera kuyeza zomwe zili patsamba. Posintha zitsanzo kuti zithe kuyesedwa mu maatomu amodzi kapena ion, izakuchotsa zitsanzozo ndi gwero la chiwonetsero champhamvu komanso kuyeza mayamwidwe, zomwe zili pachitsulo zimatha kutsimikizika. AA limakhala ndi maubwino okhudzana ndi chidwi chachikulu, kusankha bwino komanso kugwira ntchito kosavuta.
2. Njira yowunikira: Njira yoyeserera yowoneka bwino imatsimikizira zomwe zilimo poyeza mayamwidwe kapena kuchotsedwa kwa kuwala kosiyanasiyana kwa zitsanzo. Njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mozama zimaphatikizapo mayamwidwe a Ultraviolectot. Njirazi zitha kuyeza zomwe zili ku Nondyedmium mu zitsanzo posankha njira zoyenera ndi zowongolera magawo.
3. X-ray fluorescence Spectrometry (Xrf) Njirayi imatsimikiza zomwe zilimo potulutsa mawonekedwe a fluorescence pambuyo pa ma X-radiyo, ndikuyeza malowa ndi mphamvu ya alurescence. XRF ili ndi maubwino achangu, omvera komanso muyeso munthawi yomweyo.
4. Njirayi imatsimikiza zomwe zili muzinthu posintha zitsanzo zomwe zimayesedwa kuti zitheke ndi ma plasma opangidwa ndi ma plasma mopitirira muyeso kuti mudziwe bwino. ICP-MS ili ndi chidwi kwambiri, kusankha ndi kuthekera koyeza zinthu zingapo nthawi imodzi.
5. . Chifukwa chinthu chilichonse chili ndi mizere yosiyanasiyana, zinthu zomwe zili mu sampuli zitha kutsimikizika poyeza mizere iyi
Njira zodziwika bwinozi zitha kusankhidwa monga zikufunikira, kutengera mtundu wa zitsanzo, zomwe zimafunikira kuzindikira ndi zochitika zowunikira. Pamapulogalamu othandiza, njira yoyenera kwambiri ingasankhidwe kuti idziwe zomwe zili pozenera pofufuza kapena zofunikira zamafakitale.
Kugwiritsa ntchito njira ya atomu ya atomu kuti muyeze Ndege ya Nentymium
Muyezo wa chinthu, njira ya atomiki imalondola kwambiri komanso kukhutaka, kupereka njira zothandiza pophunzira zinthu zamankhwala, kapangidwe kake ndi zinthu zina.
Kenako, tinkakonda kugwiritsa ntchito ma atomiki kuyeza kuchuluka kwa ku Ndedymium. Malingaliro ake ali motere:
Konzani zitsanzo kuti ziyesedwe. Kuti akonzekeseni kuti ayesedwe mu yankho, nthawi zambiri pamafunika kugwiritsa ntchito osakaniza osakanikirana kuti athandizire muyeso wotsatira.
Sankhani mawonekedwe ovomerezeka a atomu. Sankhani mawonekedwe owoneka ovomerezeka a atomic potengera mawonekedwe a zitsanzo kuti ayesedwe ndi mitundu ya ku Nentymium yomwe ikufunika kuyezedwa.
Sinthani magawo a atomiki a atomu. Malinga ndi zomwe zidayesedwa komanso mtundu wa chida, sinthani magawo a mawonekedwe a atomiki, kuphatikizapo gwero la kuwala, atomin, wowunikira, etc.
Yerekezerani kuyamwa kwa Newdymium. Chitsanzo choyesedwa chimayikidwa mu atomizer, ndikuwunika kwa mafidzi enieni. Cholinga cha ku Newdmium kuti chiziyesedwa chimatha kuyamwa radiation iyi ndikupanga kusintha kwamphamvu. Kuyamwa kwa Newdymium kumayesedwa ndi chojambulira. Kutengera kuyanjana ndi kupindika, zomwe zili ku Nedymium Startment.
Mwa zomwe zili pamwambapa, titha kumvetsetsa bwino kufunika komanso kuderana kwa Ndeddium. Monga mmodzi mwa ena osowa padziko lapansi, Ninymium ali ndi zinthu zapadera zathupi ndi mankhwala, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zigwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu sayansi yamakono ndi ukadaulo. Kuchokera ku maginito ku zida zowoneka zowoneka, kuchokera ku catalysis to Aerossis, Newdymium amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri. Ngakhale kuti pali zinthu zambiri zosadziwika za kumvetsetsa kwathu ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ku Newdodmium wathu, ndi kupita patsogolo kosalekeza kwa sayansi ndi ukadaulo, tili ndi chifukwa chokhulupirira kuti tidziwa zopindulitsa m'tsogolo ndikugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zake zapadera kuti tibweretse mapindu a anthu. Bwerani ndi mwayi wochuluka ndi madalitso ambiri.
Post Nthawi: Disembala-10-2024