Praseodymium oxide,fua mole molePr6O11, mamafa mole 1021.44.
E mafai ona faʻaaogaina i tioata, metallurgy, ma o se faʻaopoopoga mo le paʻu fluorescent. Praseodymium oxide o se tasi o oloa taua i le malamalamaoloa tau seasea.
Ona o lona tulaga faʻapitoa faʻaletino ma vailaʻau, ua faʻaaogaina lautele i fanua e pei o ceramics, tioata, maneta tumau tumau, faʻamaʻi faʻafefe o le eleele, paʻu faʻalelei eleele, mea e olo ai, ma faʻaopoopoga, ma faʻamoemoega manuia.
Talu mai le vaitau o le 1990, o le gaosiga o tekinolosi a Saina ma meafaigaluega mo le praseodymium oxide ua faʻaleleia atili ma faʻaleleia atili, faʻatasi ai ma le televave o oloa ma le faʻatupulaia o oloa. E le gata e mafai ona ausia le tele o talosaga i totonu o le atunuʻu ma manaʻoga maketi, ae o loʻo i ai foi le tele o faʻatau atu. O le mea lea, o le gaosiga o tekonolosi a Saina i le taimi nei, oloa ma gaosiga o le praseodymium oxide, faʻapea foʻi ma le manaʻoga mo le tuʻuina atu i maketi i totonu ma fafo, o loʻo i luga o le pisinisi tutusa i le lalolagi.
Meatotino
Pa'u uliuli, mafiafia 6.88g/cm3, mea liusuavai 2042 ℃, mea fa'apuna 3760 ℃. E le mafai ona solu ile vai, solu ile acids e fai ai masima trivalent. Amioga lelei.
Fa'asologa
1. auala vavae ese vailaʻau. E aofia ai le faiga fa'ama'a fa'afa'ala'ifa'i vaega, auala fa'a-vaega fa'a-vaega ma auala fa'ama'i. O le mea muamua e tuueseese e faavae i luga o le eseesega i le solubility tioata o nitrates eleele seasea. O le tu'ueseeseina e fa'avae i luga o le tele o timuga o mea e maua mai masima lavelave ole eleele. O le vaega mulimuli e tuueseeseina e faavae i luga o le oxidation o trivalent Pr3 + i le tetravalent Pr4 +. O nei metotia e tolu e leʻi faʻaaogaina i gaosiga o fale gaosi oloa ona o le maualalo o le tau o le toe faʻaleleia o le eleele, faiga faʻalavelave, faʻalavelave faigata, maualalo le gaosiga, ma tau maualuga.
2. Auala tuueseeseina. E aofia ai faʻalavelave faʻapipiʻi auala vavae ese ma saponification P-507 auala vavae ese. O le mea muamua e faʻaaogaina faʻalavelave faʻalavelave DYPA ma N-263 extractants e aveese ma vavae ese le praseodymium mai le faʻaogaina o le nitric acid o le praseodymium neodymium faʻatamaoaigaina, ma maua ai le Pr6O11 99% fua o le 98%. Ae ui i lea, ona o le faʻalavelave lavelave, maualuga le faʻaaogaina o mea faʻalavelave faʻalavelave, ma le maualuga o tau o oloa, e leʻi faʻaaogaina i gaosiga o pisinisi. O le lua mulimuli o loʻo i ai le faʻaaogaina lelei ma le vavaeeseina o le praseodymium ma le P-507, o ia mea uma na faʻaaogaina i le gaosiga o fale gaosi oloa. Ae ui i lea, ona o le maualuga o le faʻaaogaina o le P-507 o le praseodymium ma le maualuga o le gau o le P-204, o le P-507 faʻaaogaina ma le vavaeeseina o loʻo masani ona faʻaaogaina i le gaosiga o fale gaosi oloa.
3. E seasea faʻaaogaina le faʻaogaina o le ion i le gaosiga ona o le umi o le faagasologa, faʻalavelave faʻalavelave, ma le maualalo o le gaosiga, ae o le mama o oloa Pr6O11 ≥ 99 5%, maua ≥ 85%, ma o le gaosiga i le iunite o meafaigaluega e matua maualalo lava.
1) Gaosiga o oloa praseodymium oxide e fa'aogaina ai le fa'aogaina o le ion exchange method: fa'aaoga le praseodymium neodymium fa'atamaoaigaina fa'amaoaiga (Pr, Nd) 2Cl3 e fai ma mea mata. Ua saunia i totonu o se vaifofo fafaga (Pr, Nd) Cl3 ma uta i totonu o se koluma adsorption e faʻafefe ai eleele tumu. Pe a tutusa le faʻaogaina o le fofo fafaga o loʻo oʻo mai ma le faʻaogaina o fafo, o le adsorption o eleele e le masani ai e maeʻa ma faʻatali mo le isi gaioiga e faʻaaoga. A maeʻa ona faʻapipiʻiina le koluma i le resini cationic, e faʻaaogaina le vaifofo CuSO4-H2SO4 e tafe i totonu o le koluma e saunia ai se koluma vavae ese o le eleele Cu H + mo le faʻaaogaina. A maeʻa ona faʻafesoʻotaʻi le tasi koluma adsorption ma koluma vavaeese e tolu i le faasologa, faʻaaoga le EDT A (0 015M) Faʻafefe mai le pito i totonu o le koluma muamua adsorption mo le vavaeeseina o le elution (leaching rate 1 2cm/min). o le koluma vavae lona tolu i le taimi o le vavae ese, e mafai ona aoina e se tagata e taliaina ma togafitia faʻamaʻi ina ia maua ai le Nd2O3 byproduct A maeʻa ona vavae ese le neodymium i le koluma vavae, e aoina le vaifofo mama PrCl3 i fafo o le koluma vavae ma tuʻuina atu i togafitiga faʻamaʻi. e maua ai le Pr6O11 oloa O le faagasologa autu e faapea: mea mata → saunia o le vaifofo fafaga → adsorption o eleele seasea i luga o adsorption koluma → fesoʻotaʻiga o le vavaeeseina o le vavae → le aoina o le vaifofo mama praseodymium → oxalic acid precipitation → iloa → afifi.
2) Gaosiga o oloa praseodymium oxide e faʻaaoga ai le P-204 auala faʻapipiʻi: faʻaaogaina le lanthanum cerium praseodymium chloride (La, Ce, Pr) Cl3 e fai ma mea mata. Faafefiloi mea mata i totonu o se vai, saponify P-204, ma faaopoopo kerosene e fai ai se vaifofo aveese. Tu'uese le vai fafaga mai le praseodymium ua aumai i totonu o le tane fa'amanino fa'afefiloi. Ona fufulu lea o mea le mama i le vaega oona, ma faaaoga le HCl e aveese ai le praseodymium e maua ai le vaifofo mama PrCl3. Fa'afefete ile oxalic acid, calcine, ma le afifi e maua ai le praseodymium oxide oloa. O le faagasologa autu e faapea: mea mata → saunia o vaifofo fafaga → P-204 aveesea o le praseodymium → fufulu → lalo acid stripping o praseodymium → mama PrCl3 solution → oxalic acid precipitation → calcination → suʻega → afifiina (praseodymium oxide oloa).
3) Gaosiga o oloa praseodymium oxide e fa'aaoga ai le P507 auala fa'aaogāina: Fa'aaogāina o le cerium praseodymium chloride (Ce, Pr) Cl3 maua mai i le itu i saute o le eleele e seasea maua e pei o mea mata (REO ≥ 45%, praseodymium oxide ≥ 75%). A maeʻa ona faʻapipiʻiina le praseodymium faʻatasi ai ma le fofo fafaga saunia ma le P507 extractant i totonu o le tane faʻapipiʻi, o mea eleelea i le vaega faʻalenatura e fufuluina i le HCl. Mulimuli ane, o le praseodymium e toe aumai i tua ma le HCl e maua ai se vaifofo mama PrCl3. Fa'asao o le praseodymium fa'atasi ma le oxalic acid, calcination, ma le afifiina e maua mai ai oloa o le praseodymium oxide. O le faagasologa autu e faapea: mea mata → saunia o le vaifofo fafaga → aveesea o le praseodymium ma le P-507 → fufuluina le mama → toe aveesea o le praseodymium → mama PrCl3 solution → oxalic acid precipitation → calcination → iloa → afifiina (praseodymium oxide oloa).
4) Gaosiga o oloa praseodymium oxide e faʻaaoga ai le P507 auala faʻapipiʻi: O le lanthanum praseodymium chloride (Cl, Pr) Cl3 maua mai le faʻaogaina o le Sichuan seasea eleele faʻapitoa e faʻaaogaina e avea ma mea mata (REO ≥ 45%, praseodymium oxide 8.05%), ma e saunia i totonu o se vai fafaga. Ona aveese mai lea o le Praseodymium ma le saponified P507 su'esu'e su'esu'e i totonu o se tane su'e, ma o mea leaga i le vaega fa'aola e aveese e le HCl fufulu. Ona fa'aaogaina lea o le HCl mo le fa'aliliuina o le praseodymium e maua ai le vaifofo mama PrCl3. O oloa Praseodymium oxide e maua e ala i le faʻafefeina o le praseodymium ma le oxalic acid, calcining, ma le afifiina. O le faagasologa autu o le: mea mata → vaifofo meaʻai → P-507 faʻapipiʻiina o le praseodymium → fufulu mama → toe faʻaliliuina o le praseodymium → fofo PrCl3 mama → oxalic acid precipitation → calcination → suʻega → afifiina (praseodymium oxide oloa).
I le taimi nei, o le faiga autu tekinolosi mo le gaosia o oloa praseodymium oxide i Saina o le P507 auala faʻaaogaina e faʻaaoga ai le hydrochloric acid system, lea na faʻaaogaina lautele i le gaosiga o fale gaosi oloa eseese o le eleele e le masani ai tagata taʻitoʻatasi ma ua avea ma tekinolosi faʻagasologa o gaosiga i le tutusa. pisinisi i le lalolagi atoa, fa'avasegaina i luga.
Fa'atatauga
1. Fa'aoga ile tioata ole eleele
A maeʻa ona faʻaopoopoina le oxides o le eleele e le masani ai i vaega eseese o tioata, e mafai ona faia lanu eseese o tioata eleelea, e pei o tioata lanumeamata, tioata laser, magneto optical, ma fiber optic tioata, ma o latou talosaga o loʻo faʻalauteleina i lea aso ma lea aso. A maeʻa ona faʻapipiʻi le praseodymium oxide i le tioata, e mafai ona faia se tioata lanu meamata, lea e maualuga lona tau faʻataʻitaʻiga ma e mafai foi ona faʻataʻitaʻi maa taua. O lenei ituaiga tioata e foliga lanumeamata pe a faʻaalia i le susulu masani o le la, ae toetoe a leai se lanu i lalo o le moligao. O le mea lea, e mafai ona faʻaaogaina e fai ai maʻa maʻa faʻatau ma teuteuga taua, faʻatasi ai ma lanu matagofie ma uiga matagofie.
2. Fa'aoga i sima e seasea maua
E mafai ona fa'aogaina mea fa'apipi'i i sima e fai ai le tele o sima e le masani ai i le eleele ma sili atu le fa'atinoga. O le sima lelei eleele e seasea maua i totonu oi latou e fai ma sui. E faʻaaogaina mea faʻapitoa e sili ona filifilia ma faʻaaogaina faigofie e pulea faiga ma faiga faʻagaioiga, lea e mafai ona pulea lelei le tuʻufaʻatasia o ceramics. E mafai ona vaevaeina i ni ituaiga se lua: galuega fa'atino ma maualuga-vevela structural ceramics. A maeʻa ona faʻapipiʻi mea e le masani ai le eleele, e mafai ona latou faʻaleleia le sintering, density, microstructure, ma le vaega faʻatulagaina o ceramics e fetaui ma manaʻoga o talosaga eseese. O le sima tioata e faia i le praseodymium oxide e pei o se lanu e le afaina i le atemosifia i totonu o le ogaumu, o loʻo i ai le lanu mautu, foliga susulu susulu, e mafai ona faʻaleleia mea faʻaletino ma vailaʻau, faʻaleleia le mautu ma le lelei o keramika, faʻateleina lanu eseese, ma faaitiitia tau. A maeʻa ona faʻaopoopoina le praseodymium oxide i pigments sima ma glazes, seasea lalolagi praseodymium samasama, praseodymium lanumeamata, underglaze pigments mumu ma sinasina ghost glaze, lanu samasama nifo elefane, apu lanu meamata poselana, ma isi. O lenei ituaiga porcelain faatufugaga e sili atu lona lelei ma e lelei le auina atu i fafo, lea e lauiloa i fafo. E tusa ai ma faʻamaumauga talafeagai, o le faʻaaogaina o le praseodymium neodymium i le lalolagi e sili atu i le afe tone, ma o se faʻaaogaina tele foi o le praseodymium oxide. O lo'o fa'amoemoe o le a tele atina'e i le lumana'i.
3. Fa'aoga i maneta tumau tumau
Ole maualuga ole maneta malosi oloa (BH) o (Pr, Sm) Co5 maneta tumau m=27MG θ e (216K J/m3). Ma o le (BH) m o PrFeB o 40MG θ E (320K J/m3). O le mea lea, o le fa'aogaina o le Pr gaosia maneta tumau o lo'o i ai pea le fa'aogaina i totonu o alamanuia ma fa'alapotopotoga lautele.
4. Fa'aoga i isi matā'upu e gaosia ai uili e olo ai corundum.
I luga o le faavae o corundum paʻepaʻe, faʻaopoopo e uiga i le 0.25% praseodymium neodymium oxide e mafai ona faia ai se mea e seasea lalolagi corundum olo uili, faʻaleleia atili a latou galuega olo. Faʻateleina le fua faʻatatau ile 30% i le 100%, ma faʻaluaina le ola tautua. O le Praseodymium oxide o loʻo i ai ni mea faʻalelei lelei mo nisi mea, o lea e mafai ai ona faʻaaogaina e fai ma mea faʻalelei mo galuega faʻalelei. O lo'o i ai pe tusa ma le 7.5% praseodymium oxide i le cerium fa'avae fa'alelei pa'u ma e fa'aaogaina tele mo le fa'aiila matatioata matatioata, oloa uamea, tioata mafolafola, ma paipa televise. O le faʻalelei faʻalelei e lelei ma o le tele o le talosaga e tele, lea ua avea ma paʻu faʻamalo autu i Saina i le taimi nei. E le gata i lea, o le faʻaogaina o faʻamaʻi faʻamaʻi suauʻu e mafai ona faʻaleleia atili le gaioiga, ma e mafai ona faʻaaogaina e fai ma faʻaopoopoga mo le uʻamea, faʻamamāina uamea uʻamea, ma isi. se ituaiga e tasi o le praseodymium oxide. E fa'apea o le a fa'aauau pea lea tulaga i le lumana'i.
Taimi meli: Me-26-2023