Dysprosium, chikamu 66 cheperiodic table
Jia Yi weHan Dynasty akanyora mu "Pane Gumi Mhosva dzeQin" kuti "tinofanira kuunganidza mauto ese kubva pasirese, kuvaunganidza muXianyang, uye kuvatengesa". Hongu,'dysprosium' zvinoreva panoperera museve. Muna 1842, mushure mekunge Mossander aparadzana uye awana terbium neerbium muyttrium earth, vemakemikari mazhinji vakasarudza kuburikidza nekuongorora kwekuona kuti panogona kunge paine zvimwe zvinhu muyttrium earth. Makore manomwe gare gare, chemist wechiFrench Bouvard é rand akabudirira kupatsanura holmium pasi, imwe ichiri holmium, nepo chimwe chikamu chakazoonekwa sechinhu chitsva, chiri dysprosium.
Dysprosium yakavakirwa zvinhu inogona kuodha mu block magineti pane chaiyo tembiricha, uye tembiricha iyi iri padyo nekushisa uko manganese based zvinhu zvinogadzira kuita uku. Imwe muzana yedysprosium ichawedzerwa kune Nd-Fe-B magineti echigarire. Chete 2% ~ 3% inogona kuwedzera iyo Coercivity mumagineti asingagumi, inova chinhu chinodiwa chekuwedzera muNd-Fe-B magineti. Kunyangwe mamwe magineti e-neodymium iron boron anoshandisa dysprosium kutsiva chikamu cheneodymium kuvandudza kupisa kwemagetsi. Nemagineti e-dysprosium neodymium iron boron, anogona kuve neakakwira corrosion kuramba uye kuiswa mune yakakwirira-inoshanda yemagetsi mota dhiraivha mota.
Dysprosiumuyeterbiumari maviri akanaka, uye iyo terbium dysprosium iron alloy inogadzirwa ine yakakosha magnetostriction uye yepamusoro kamuri tembiricha magnetostriction coefficient pakati pezvinhu. Achishandisa mamwe makristasi emunyu eParamagnetism dysprosium, masayendisiti akagadzira firiji ine kupisa kwekupisa uye demagnetization.
Mhedzisiro yemagineti yekurekodha tekinoroji inogona kuteverwa kumashure kwekushandiswa kwesimbi tepi rekodha muna 1875. Mazuva ano, magneto-optical rekodha inobatanidza optical uye magineti kurekodha, ine yakakwirira kuchengetedza density uye inodzokororwa erasure basa. Dysprosium ine yakakwira yekurekodha kumhanya uye kuverenga senitivity.
Iyo dysprosium mwenje yezvigadziriso zvemwenje inogadzirirwa pamwe chete nedysprosium uyeholmium. Marambi eDysprosium akanyanya kusimba gasi ekuburitsa marambi, kusiyana neakajairika mwenje incandescent anoburitsa mwenje kuburikidza netambo dzetungsten. Pavanenge vachibudisa chiedza, vanobudisawo kupisa. Inenge 70% yesimba remagetsi rinoshandurwa kuita simba rinopisa. Iyo yakareba nguva yekushandisa, inowedzera tembiricha, uye zviri nyore kuti waya dze tungsten dzinopiswa. Marambi eDysprosium anobudisa chiedza kuburikidza nekuiswa kwegesi gasi pakaderera, uye mazhinji emagetsi emagetsi anogona kuchinjwa kuva simba rechiedza, iro rinowedzera simba, rinopenya, uye rine hupenyu hurefu. Pasi pesimba rakafanana, vanogona kugadzira katatu kupenya kwemarambi e-incandescent. Dysprosium mwenje rudzi rweMetal-halide mwenje, iyo izere neDysprosium(III) iodide, Thallium(I) iodide, mercury, nezvimwewo, uye inogona kuburitsa yakasarudzika dense spectrum. Reflective sunlight dysprosium rambi ine reflexive layer. Iyo ine yakakwira Radiant intensity intensity uye yakaderera infrared mwaranzi munzvimbo yakafara spectral kubva kublue violet mwenje kune orenji dzvuku mwenje. Icho chiedza chakakodzera chekuedza kwekurima, kurima zvirimwa, uye kukurumidza kukura kwechirimwa. Iyo inonziwo biological effect rambi, iyo inokodzera akasiyana ekunze ekunze mabhokisi emamiriro ekunze, artificial biological boxes, greenhouses, uye zvimwe zviitiko. Inogona kuita kuti zvirimwa zvikure zviri nani.
Dysprosium doped luminescent zvinhu zvinogona kushandiswa se tricolor phosphors kugadzira phosphor activators.
Dysprosium inokwanisa kubata manyutroni uye ine hombe yeNeutron capture cross section, saka inoshandiswa kuyera neutron spectrum kana senyuturoni inonwisa muindasitiri yesimba reatomu.
Nguva yekutumira: Jul-03-2023