Gadolinium, element 64 ye tafura yemapato.
LAThaniide muTafura Yemazuva Ano mhuri yakakura, uye zvivakwa zvavo zvemakemikari zvakafanana zvakafanana, saka zvakaoma kuzviparadzanisa. Muna 1789, Finnish Chemist John Gadolin akawana nzombe yesimbi uye akawana yekutanga nyika oparasi -Yttrium (iii) oxideKuburikidza nekuongororwa, kuvhura iyo kuwanikwa nhoroondo yezvinhu zvisingawanzo kuitika zvinhu. Muna 1880, Science Scientist Deriak akawana zvinhu zviviri zvitsva, imwe yacho yakazosimbiswa kuveSamarium, uye imwe yacho yakaziviswa zviri pamutemo sechinhu chitsva, Gadolinium, mushure mekucheneswa naFrench Chemist Debuwa Bodeland.
Gadolinium Element anobva kuSilicon Beryllium Gadolinium ore, iyo yakachipa, yakapfava muzvinhu zvekutamba, magineti tembiricha yekudziya, uye inyaya inoshanda yepasi pasi. Iyo yakagadzikana mumhepo yakaoma, asi inorasikirwa nekusungwa kwayo mukunyorova, inogadzira yakasununguka uye yakareruka filled flake senge chena oxides. Kana dzopiswa mumhepo, inogona kuburitsa mhou chena. Gadolinium inobata zvishoma nezvishoma nemvura uye inogona kunyungudika muAcid kuti ugadzire mafuta asina ruvara. Zvivakwa zvayo zvemakemikari zvakafanana nezvimwe zvishoma nezvishoma, asi zvarinzvimbo zvaro uye zvemagineti zvakasiyana zvishoma. Gadolinium is paramagnetism pamhepo tembiricha uye ferromagnetic mushure mekutonhora. Maitiro ayo anogona kushandiswa kuvandudza magneti zvachose.
Uchishandisa iyo Pardagrnetism yeGadolinium, iyo Gadolinium Agent yakagadzirwa yave yakanaka yekusiyanisa mumiriri weNMR. Kuzvidzora kweNyukireya Magineti Resonance Kufungidzira Tekinoroji yakatangwa, uye pakave nemitsara mitanhatu ine 6 yakanangana nayo. Nuclear magineti resonance inonyanya kukonzerwa neye spin kufamba kweAtomic nuclei, uye iyo spin kufamba kweiyo tomiki yakasiyana atomic nucti inosiyana. Zvichienderana nemafungu eElectromagnet Pasi pechiitiko chemunda wemagineti, chiratidzo chemagineti wenyu wenyukireya remagineti ekufungidzira tekinoroji inouya kubva kune imwe spin yemamwe maAtomi, yakadai se hydrogen nuclei mumvura. Nekudaro, idzi spin inokwanisa nuclei inopisa mumunda weRF yemagineti, yakafanana nemicrowave oveni, iyo inowanzonetesa chiratidzo cheganeti yekufungidzira. Gadolinium ION kwete chete ine yakasimba kwazvo spin mashamini nguva, iyo inobatsira spin yeatomu nyuji, inovandudza ruzivo rwekuzivikanwa kwechirwere, asiwo zvinoshamisa zvinoita kuti zvinyanye kutonhorera. Nekudaro, Gadolinium ane imwe yehupfu, uye mukurapa, kutapurika marara kunoshandiswa kuchinjisa gadolinium ions yekuvadzivisa kupinda mumatikiti emunhu.
Gadolinium ine yakasimba MagnetECalic Ekisimusi tembiricha, uye tembiricha yaro inosiyana neyakawedzera yemagineti, iyo inounza iyo inonakidza application - magnetsic firiji. Munguva yefirisiti, nekuda kwekutarisa kwemagineti dema, iyo magineti zvinhu zvinopisa pasi peimwe nzvimbo yekunze yemagineti. Kana iyo magineti gadziri yabviswa uye inomisikidzwa, iyo tembiricha yemidziyo inoderera. Iyi mhando yemagineti inotonhorera inogona kuderedza kushandiswa kwefiriji yakadai seye freon uye inotonhorera pasi nekukurumidza. Parizvino, nyika iri kuyedza kukudziridza mashandisirwo eGadolinium uye Alloys mumunda uyu, uye gadzira mashiripiti madiki uye anoshanda mumagineti inotonhorera. Pasi pekushandiswa kweGadolinium, Ultra-Lol-Tryronga inogona kuwanikwa, saka Gadolinium inozivikanwa zvakare se "simbi inotonhora kwazvo munyika".
Gadolinium ISotopes GD-155 neGD-157 vane hukuru hukuru hweTerron Nekudaro, Gadolinium yakavakirwa mwenje wemvura uye gadolinium kudzora tsvimbo yakaberekerwa, iyo inogona kuvandudza kuchengetedzeka kwe nyukireya kana kuderedza mari.
Gadolinium ine zvakare zvinhu zvakanakisa uye zvinogona kushandiswa kuita kuti esolatores, yakafanana neDiodes mumatunhu, inozivikanwawo sechiedza-inojekesa diode. Rudzi urwu rwekunyatsojeka diode haritenderi chete mwenje kuti upfuure mune imwe nzira, ichiratidza kuchena kwemasaini ekutapurirana uye nekuvandudza kushanda kwekutapurirana kwemafungu echiedza. Gadolinium Gallium Garnet ndeimwe yezvakanakisa substrate zvinhu zvekugadzira Opolatal.
Kutumira Nguva: Jul-06-2023