Neodymium imwe yeanonyanya kushanda isingawanzo simbi dzepasi

Muna 1839, CGMosander yeSweden yakawana musanganiswa welanthanum (lan) uye praseodymium (pu) uye neodymium (nǚ).

Mushure meizvozvo, vemakemikari pasi rese vakapa huchenjeri hwekuparadzanisa zvinhu zvitsva kubva kune zvisingawanzo kuwanikwa zvinhu zvepasi.

Muna 1885, AVWelsbach, wekuAustria, akawana praseodymium neodymium kubva musanganiswa wepraseodymium neodymium inoonekwa naMossander se "zvinhu zvitsva". Mumwe wavo ainzi neodymium, iyo yakazorerutswa kuNeodymium. Chiratidzo cheNd chinonzi neodymium.

Neodymium, praseodymium, gadolinium (gá) uye samarium (shan) zvese zvakaparadzaniswa kubva kune didymium, iyo yaionekwa sechinhu chisingawanikwe pasi panguva iyoyo. Nekuda kwekuwanikwa kwavo, didymium haichachengetedzwa. Ndiko kuwanikwa kwavo kunovhura gonhi rechitatu rekuwanikwa kwezvinhu zvisingawanzo pasi uye ndiyo nhanho yechitatu yekuwanikwa kwezvinhu zvisingawanzo pasi. Asi iyi inongova hafu yebasa muchikamu chechitatu.Chaizvo, gedhi recerium rinofanira kuvhurwa kana kupatsanurwa kwecerium kunopedzwa, uye imwe hafu inofanira kuvhurwa kana kuparadzaniswa kweyttrium kunopera.

Neodymium, kemikari chiratidzo Nd, sirivheri chena simbi, ndeimwe yeanonyanya kushanda isingawanzo simbi yepasi, ine nzvimbo yekunyungudika ye1024 ° C, density ye7.004 g/㎝uye paramagnetism.

Main kushandiswa:

Neodymium yave nzvimbo inopisa mumusika kwemakore mazhinji nekuda kwechinzvimbo chayo chakasiyana mumunda wepasi isingawanzo. Mushandisi mukuru weneodymium simbi ndeyeNdFeB zvachose magineti zvinhu. Kuuya kweNdFeB magineti echigarire kwakapinza hutsva hutsva munzvimbo isingawanzo yepasi yepamusoro-tech. NdFeB magineti inonzi "mambo wemagineti asingagumi" nekuda kweiyo yakakwira magineti simba chigadzirwa.Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumagetsi, muchina uye mamwe maindasitiri nekuita kwayo kwakanaka.

Neodymium inoshandiswawo mune zvisiri-ferrous zvinhu. Kuwedzera 1.5-2.5% neodymium kune magnesium kana aruminiyamu alloy inogona kuvandudza tembiricha yakakwira, kusimba kwemhepo uye kushorwa kwekupokana kwealloy, uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya sezvinhu zvemuchadenga.

Pamusoro pezvo, neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet inogadzira short-wave laser beam, iyo inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukupisa nekucheka zvinhu zvitete zvine ukobvu pasi pe10mm muindasitiri.

Mukurapa kwekurapa, Nd: YAG laser inoshandiswa kubvisa kuvhiyiwa kana kuuraya utachiona maronda pane scalpel. Neodymium inoshandiswawo kupendesa girazi uye zvinhu zveceramic uye sekuwedzera kune zvigadzirwa zverabha.

Nekuvandudzwa kwesainzi uye tekinoroji uye nekuwedzera uye kuwedzera kweasingawanzo pasi sainzi uye tekinoroji, neodymium ichava nenzvimbo yekushandiswa yakakura.

Neodymium (Nd) isimbi yepasi isingawanzoitiki. Pale yellow, nyore oxidized mumhepo, inoshandiswa kugadzira alloy uye optical girazi.

Nekuzvarwa kwepraseodymium, neodymium yakatanga. Kusvika kweneodymium kwakamisikidza iyo isingawanzo pasi munda, yakaita basa rakakosha mumunda wepasi isingawanzo, uye yakapesvedzera isingawanzo musika wepasi.

Kushandiswa kweNeodymium: Inoshandiswa kugadzira ceramics, girazi rakajeka repepuru, artificial ruby ​​mulaser uye yakakosha girazi inokwanisa kusefa infrared mwaranzi. Inoshandiswa pamwe chete nepraseodymium kugadzira magirazi ekuputira magirazi. Mich simbi inoshandiswa mukugadzira simbi inewo 18% neodymium.

Neodymium oxide Nd2 O3; The molecular uremu i336.40; Lavender yakasimba hupfu, nyore kukanganiswa nekunyorova, inosveta carbon dioxide mumhepo, isinganyunguriki mumvura, inonyungudika muinorganic acid. Hukama density ndeye 7.24. Nzvimbo yekunyungudika ingangoita 1900 ℃, uye iyo yakakwira valence oxide ye neodymium inogona kuumbwa zvishoma nekudziya mumhepo.

Zvishandiso: Inoshandiswa kugadzira zvechigarire magineti zvinhu, colorants yegirazi uye ceramics uye laser zvinhu.

Nanometer neodymium oxide inoshandiswawo kupenda girazi uye ceramic zvinhu, zvigadzirwa zverabha uye zvinowedzera.

Pr-nd simbi; Iyo molecular formula ndeye Pr-Nd; Zvivakwa: Silver-grey metallic block, metallic luster, nyore oxidized mumhepo. Chinangwa: Inonyanya kushandiswa sechigarire magineti zvinhu.

Dziviriro yekurapaneodymium ine kushatirwa kwakasimba kumaziso uye mucous membrane, kushatirwa kuri pakati nepakati paganda, uye kufema kunogona kukonzera pulmonary embolism uye kukuvara kwechiropa.

Chinhu chekuita:

Kushungurudza maziso, ganda, mucous membrane uye kufema turakiti.

Solution:

1. Inhalation: siya nzvimbo yacho kune mweya mutsva. Kana kufema kwakaoma, ipa oxygen. Tsvaka kurapwa.

2. Kutarisa maziso: Simudza ziso uye wogeza nemvura inoyerera kana saline yakajairika. Tsvaka kurapwa.

3. Kubata ganda: Bvisa hembe dzine utachiona wogeza nemvura inoyerera.

4. Kudya: Inwa mvura yakawanda inodziya kuti urutse. Tsvaka kurapwa.

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