Magnesium alloy ine hunhu hwehuremu huremu, huremu hwakanyanya, kunyorova kwakakwira, kuzunguzika uye kuderedza ruzha, electromagnetic radiation kuramba, hapana kusvibiswa panguva yekugadziriswa uye kudzokorodza, nezvimwewo, uye zviwanikwa zvemagnesium zvakawandisa, zvinogona kushandiswa kusimudzira. Naizvozvo, magnesium alloy inozivikanwa se "chiedza uye girinhi zvimiro zvemukati muzana ramakore rechi21". Zvinoratidza kuti mukufamba kwehuremu huremu, kuchengetedza simba uye kuderedzwa kwemhepo muindasitiri yekugadzira muzana ramakore rechi21, Maitiro ekuti magnesium alloy ichaita basa rakakosha zvakare inoratidza kuti chimiro cheindasitiri chepasi rose simbi zvinhu kusanganisira China chichachinja. Nekudaro, echinyakare magnesium alloys ane kumwe kusasimba, senge nyore oxidation uye kupisa, hapana corrosion resistance, hurombo hwepamusoro-tembiricha inokambaira uye yakaderera-yepamusoro-tembiricha simba.
Dzidziso uye maitiro anoratidza kuti isingawanzo pasi ndiyo inonyanya kushanda, inoshanda uye inovimbisa alloying chinhu kukunda kusasimba uku. Naizvozvo, zvakakosha zvikuru kushandisa maginesiamu yakawanda uye zviwanikwa zvepasi zvisingawanzo kuChina, kuzvigadzira nekuzvishandisa nesainzi, uye kugadzira nhevedzano yepasi isingawanzo magnesium alloys ine maChinese maitiro, uye kushandura mabhenefiti ezviwanikwa kuita zvakanakira tekinoroji uye zvakanakira hupfumi.
Kudzidzira pfungwa yekuvandudza kwesainzi, kutora nzira yekusimudzira budiriro, kudzidzira kuchengetedza zviwanikwa uye zvakatipoteredza-hushamwari mugwagwa mutsva weindasitiri, uye nekupa chiedza, chepamusoro uye chakaderera-chisina mari yepasi magnesium alloy inotsigira zvinhu zvekubhururuka, aerospace, zvekufambisa, "Zvitatu. C" maindasitiri uye ese maindasitiri ekugadzira ave nzvimbo dzinopisa uye mabasa akakosha enyika, indasitiri uye vaongorori vakawanda.Rare-earth magnesium alloy ine advanced performance uye yakaderera mutengo inotarisirwa kuve iyo breakthrough point uye simba rekusimudzira rekuwedzera kushandiswa kwe magnesium alloy.
Muna 1808, Humphrey Davey akaparadzanisa mercury nemagnesium kubva kumalgam kekutanga, uye muna 1852 Bunsen electrolyzed magnesium kubva kumagnesium chloride kekutanga. Kubva ipapo, magnesium uye alloy yayo yanga iri padanho renhoroondo sechinhu chitsva. Magnesium nema alloys ayo akagadziridzwa nekusvetuka-svetuka mukati meHondo Yenyika yechipiri. Nekudaro, nekuda kwekuderera kwesimba reiyo magnesium yakachena, Zvakaoma kushandiswa sechinhu chechimiro chekushandiswa kwemaindasitiri. Imwe yenzira huru dzekuvandudza kusimba kwesimbi ye magnesium kusanganisa, ndiko kuti, kuwedzera mamwe marudzi ealloying zvinhu kuvandudza kusimba kwesimbi ye magnesium kuburikidza nemhinduro yakasimba, kunaya kwemvura, kukwenenzverwa kwezviyo uye kusimbisa kupararira, kuitira kuti igone kusangana nezvinodiwa. yenzvimbo yekushanda yakapihwa.
Ndicho chinhu chikuru chinosanganisa chepasi magnesium alloy, uye mazhinji eakagadziridzwa anodzivirira kupisa magnesium alloys ane zvisingawanzo pasi zvinhu. Rare pasi magnesium alloy ine hunhu hwekupisa tembiricha kuramba uye simba rakawanda. Nekudaro, mukutsvagisa kwekutanga kwe magnesium alloy, isingawanzo pasi inongoshandiswa mune chaiyo zvinhu nekuda kwemutengo wayo wepamusoro. Rare earth magnesium alloy inonyanya kushandiswa mumauto uye aerospace fields.Zvisinei, nekuvandudzwa kwehupfumi hwemagariro evanhu, zvinodiwa zvepamusoro zvinoiswa mberi kwekuita kwe magnesium alloy, uye nekuderedza kwepasi risingawaniki mari, isingawanzoitiki pasi magnesium alloy yave yakanyanya. yakawedzerwa munzvimbo dzemauto nedzechivanhu dzakadai semuchadenga, zvombo zvinokandwa, mota, kutaurirana kwemagetsi, zviridzwa nezvimwe. Kazhinji kutaura, kuvandudzwa kwepasi isingawanzo magnesium alloy inogona kukamurwa kuita nhanho ina:
Danho rekutanga: Muna 1930s, zvakaonekwa kuti kuwedzera zvisingawanzo zvinhu zvepasi kuMg-Al alloy zvinogona kuvandudza tembiricha yakakwira yealloy.
Danho rechipiri: Muna 1947, Sauerwarld akawana kuti kuwedzera Zr kuMg-RE alloy kunogona kunyatsonatsa zviyo zvealloy. Kuwanikwa uku kwakagadzirisa dambudziko retekinoroji yepasi isingawanzo magnesium alloy, uye yakanyatsoisa hwaro hwekutsvagisa nekushandiswa kwepasi risingapindiri kupisa magnesium alloy.
Danho rechitatu: Muna 1979, Drits nevamwe vakawana kuti kuwedzera Y kwaive nerubatsiro rwakanyanya pane magnesium alloy, iyo yaive imwe yakakosha kuwanikwa mukugadzira isingaite kupisa isingawanzo shomeka yepasi magnesium alloy. Pamusoro pechikonzero ichi, akatevedzana WE-mhando alloys ane kupisa kupisa uye simba rakakwirira rakagadzirwa. Pakati pazvo, kusimba kwesimba, kuneta simba uye kukambaira kuramba kweWE54 alloy inofananidzwa neiyo yekukanda aluminium alloy pakupisa kwekamuri uye tembiricha yakakwira.
Danho rechina: Inonyanya kureva kuongororwa kweMg-HRE (inorema isingawanzo pasi) alloy kubvira 1990s kuitira kuwana magnesium alloy nekuita kwepamusoro uye kusangana nezvinodiwa zveminda yepamusoro. Kune zvinorema zvisingawanzo zvinhu zvepasi, kunze kweEu neYb, iyo yakanyanya kusimba solubility mu magnesium inenge 10% ~ 28%, uye iyo yakawanda inogona kusvika 41%. Zvichienzaniswa nechiedza chisingawanzoitiki zvinhu zvepasi, zvinorema zvisingawanzoitiki zvinhu zvepasi zvine yakakwirira kunyungudika kwakasimba. Uyezve, kunyungudika kwakasimba kunodzikira nekukurumidza nekudzikira kwetembiricha, izvo zvine mhedzisiro yekusimba kwemhinduro kusimba uye kusimbisa kwemvura.
Kune musika wakakura wekushandisa we magnesium alloy, kunyanya pasi pemashure ekuwedzera kushomeka kwesimbi zviwanikwa zvakaita sesimbi, aluminium uye mhangura munyika, zvakanakira zviwanikwa uye zvakanakira chigadzirwa zve magnesium zvichave zvakazara, uye magnesium alloy ichave kukurumidza kusimuka engineering zvinhu. Kutarisana nekukasira kusimukira kwesimbi magnesium zvinhu munyika, China, semugadziri mukuru uye mutengesi wezviwanikwa zvemagnesium, Zvinonyanya kukosha kuita zvakadzama theoretical tsvakiridzo uye kusimudzira kwekushandisa kwemagnesium alloy. Nekudaro, parizvino, goho rakaderera rezvakajairwa magnesium alloy zvigadzirwa, kushomeka kwekudzivirira, kushomeka kwekudzivirira kupisa uye kusadzivirirwa necorrosion zvichiri zvipingamupinyi zvinodzivirira kushandiswa kwakakura kwemagnesium alloy.
Rare Earth elements ine yakasarudzika extranuclear electronic structure. Naizvozvo, sechinhu chakakosha chealloying element, zvisingawanzo pasi zvinhu zvinoita basa rakasiyana mune simbi uye zvinhu minda, sekuchenesa alloy melt, kunatsa alloy chimiro, kunatsiridza alloy mechanical zvivakwa uye corrosion resistance, etc. ave achishandiswa zvakanyanya musimbi uye nonferrous simbi alloys. Mumunda we magnesium alloy, kunyanya mumunda wekupisa-inodzivirira magnesium alloy, kucheneswa kwakatanhamara uye kusimbisa zvimiro zvepasi isingawanzo kucherechedzwa zvishoma nezvishoma nevanhu. Rare pasi inoonekwa sechinhu chinosanganisa chine kukosha kwekushandisa zvakanyanya uye yakanyanya kusimudzira inogona mukupisa-inodzivirira magnesium alloy, uye basa rayo rakasiyana harigone kutsiviwa nezvimwe zvinosanganisa zvinhu.
Mumakore achangopfuura, vaongorori vekumba nekune dzimwe nyika vakaita kudyidzana kwakakura, vachishandisa magnesium uye zvisingawanzo zviwanikwa zvepasi kuti vadzidze zvine hungwaru ma magnesium alloys ane isingawanzo pasi. Panguva imwecheteyo, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences yakazvipira kuongorora nekugadzira matsva epasi magnesium alloys ane mutengo wakaderera uye kushanda kwakanyanya, uye yakawana zvimwe mhedzisiro. .
Nguva yekutumira: Mar-04-2022