Zvisingawanzo zvepasi zvinhuvanokatyamadzwa nekuvandudzwa kwekakwirira-tech yakadai semagetsi matsva uye zvigadzirwa, uye kuve nekukosha kwekushandisa musango kwakadai sekudzivirira, dziviriro yenyika, uye indasitiri yemauto. Mhedzisiro yehondo dzemazuva ano inoratidza kuti zvombo zvazvino zvombo zvinotadzisa kurwa, zvisingawanzo zvounyanzvi zvakanakira zvinomiririra zvakanakira zvechiute hunyanzvi, uye zvine zviwanikwa zvinovimbiswa. Naizvozvo, vanhu vepanyika vakave vanowanikwawo zviwanikwa zvekuti hupfumi hwakawanda hwepasi rese hunokwikwidza, uye kiyi dzezvinyorwa zvekunyora zvakadai sevanhu vepanyika vanowanzosimuka vanowanzo simuka. Europe, Japan, United States uye dzimwe nyika uye matunhu anoteerera zvakanyanya kune zvinhu zvakakosha senge pasi. Muna 2008, zvinhu zvisingawanzo zvanyorwa zvakanyorwa se "Zvirongwa Zvakakosha Zvikuru" neDhipatimendi reUnited States reSimba; Pakutanga kwa 2010, European Union yakazivisa kugadzwa kwechengetedzo yerudzi rwevanhu vasingawanzo; Muna 2007, hushumiri hweJapan hwedzidzo, tsika, sainzi uye tekinoroji, nedunhu uye tekinoroji ye "uye" iyo "ye" zvisingawanzoitika zvimwe zvinhu zvekushandisa ". Vakatora zviyero zvinoenderera uye zvirongwa zvezvirongwa zvezvirongwa, kufambira mberi kwehunyanzvi, kuwanikwa kwezvinhu, uye kutsvaga zvimwe zvinhu. Kutanga kubva kuchinyorwa ichi, mupepeti anozozivisa zvakadzama izvo zvakakosha uye kunyangwe zvisina kukodzera nhoroondo dzekuvandudza zvinyorwa uye mabasa ezvinyorwa izvi zvisingawanzo kuitika.
Terbium ndeyorukana yerudzi rweanorema nyika, ine huwandu hwakaderera mukuputika kwepasi panguva chete 1.1 ppm.Terbium oxideMaakaunti kune isingasviki 0,01% yeiyo yakazara zvisingawanzo nyika. Kunyangwe mune yakakwira Yttrium ion mhando inorema kwazvo nyika ore neyakajeka yezvinyorwa zveTerbium, iyo yeTerbium zvinyorwa chete zve 1.1-1.2% yeiyo "chikamu che" chikamu che "chakanakisa" chezvinhu zvisingawanzoitika pasi zvinhu. Terbium isiriyo simbi grey ine ductility uye yakasviba yakapfava, iyo inogona kutemwa yakavhurika nebanga; Melting Point 1360 ℃, Boiling Point 3123 ℃, Density 8229 4KG / M3. Kweanopfuura makore zana kubvira pakuwanikwa kweTerbium muna 1843, kushomeka kwayo uye kukosha kwakadzivirira kushanda kwayo kunoshanda kwenguva yakareba. Izvo chete mumakore makumi matatu apfuura ayo Terbium akaratidza tarenda rayo rakasiyana.
Kuwanikwa kweTerbium
Panguva imwe chete iyoyo kanaLanthanumyakawanikwa, Karl G. G.ander yeSweden yakaongorora yakatanga kuwanikwaytriumUye akaburitsa mushumo muna 1842, kujekesa kuti iyo yakatanga kuwanikwa Yttttrium Pasi yakanga isiri imwechete nzira yekutanga, asi nzombe yezvinhu zvitatu. Muna 1843, Messander akawana iyo Element Terbium kuburikidza nekutsvaga kwake paYttrium Pasi. Akaramba akatumidza mumwe wavo Yttrrium Pasi uye mumwe wavoerbium oxide. Yakanga isiri kusvika 1877 kuti yaive yakadanwa pamutemo Terbium, ine element chiratidzo tb. Kutaura kwaro kunobva kune imwezve sosi seYttrium, inobva mumusha weYtterby pedyo neStockholm, Sweden, uko Yttrium Ore yakatanga kuwanikwa. Kuwanikwa kweTerbium uye zvimwe zvinhu zviviri, Lanthanum uye Erbium, akavhura musuwo wechipiri mukuwanikwa kwezvinhu zvisingawanzoitika pasi, zvichiratidza chikamu chechipiri chekuwanikwa kwavo. Yakatanga kunatswa naG. Madhorobha muna 1905.
Mossander
Kushandiswa kweTerbium
Kushandiswa kweterbiumKunyanya kusanganisa minda yakakwirira-tekinoroji, iyo tekinoroji yakawandisa uye ruzivo rwakanyanya kucheka-mapato mapurojekiti, pamwe nemapurojekiti ane makomborero ehupfumi akakosha, aine tarisiro inokwezva. Nzvimbo huru dzekushandisa dzinosanganisira: (1) kubatwa muchimiro chekusanganiswa nyika. Semuenzaniso, inoshandiswa sevanhu vasingawanzo kuumbwa feteraiza uye kupa chikafu chinowedzera pakurima. (2) activator yegirini poda mune matatu matatu ekutanga fluorescent poders. Zvigadzirwa zvemazuva ano zvinoda kushandiswa kwemavara matatu ekutanga ezvinyorwa zvefoni, zvinyoro-nyoro, girini, uye bhuruu, izvo zvinogona kushandiswa kugadzirisa mavara akasiyana siyana. Uye terbium chinhu chakakosha muzvinhu zvakawanda zvakakwirira-mhando girini fluorescent poders. (3) yakashandiswa seganeti yemagineti yekuchengetedza zvinhu. Amorphous simbi terbium transition yesimbi alloy mafirimu akaonda mafirimu akashandiswa kugadzira high-performance magnecucal optical discs. (4) kugadzira magneo optical girazi. Farady Rotiratory girazi rine terbium chinhu chakakosha chekugadzira rotators, isolators, uye inotenderera muLaser Technology. .
Kwekurima uye mhuka yemhuka
Rare Pasi Pasi Terbiuminogona kuvandudza mhando yezvirimwa uye uwedzere chiyero che photosynthesis mukati meimwe nzvimbo yekusungwa. Izvo zvakaenzana zveTerbium zvine basa rakakwirira rekubereka, uye ternary comicium yeTerbium, TB (ALA) 3BENMIDER mhedzisiro uye yeBACTOLUS Subtilis, uye Eschithi Kufunda kweaya manhanga aya kunopa nhungamiro itsva yekutsvagisa yezvinodhaka zvemazuva ano zvinodhaka.
Inoshandiswa mumunda weLuminescence
Zvigadzirwa zvemazuva ano zvinoda kushandiswa kwemavara matatu ekutanga ezvinyorwa zvefoni, zvinyoro-nyoro, girini, uye bhuruu, izvo zvinogona kushandiswa kugadzirisa mavara akasiyana siyana. Uye terbium chinhu chakakosha muzvinhu zvakawanda zvakakwirira-mhando girini fluorescent poders. Kana kuberekwa kwevanhu pasi ravheni yeTV tsvuku yeTV Mukutanga kwa1980s, Philips akagadzira iyo yekutanga nyika yekutanga compact-kuchengetedza fluorescent mwenje uye yakakurumidza kusimudzira pasi rose. TB3 + Ions inokwanisa kuburitsa girini yechiedza ne wavelength ye545nm, uye ingangoita zvese zvevanhu pasi Green Fluorescent Pounds shandisa terbium semuganda.
Iyo yakasvibira Fluorescent Poda yeTV cathode Ray Tubes Nekuvandudzwa kweiyo hombe skrini-dudziro terevhizheni Semuenzaniso, hybrid green fluorescent poda yakagadzirwa kunze kwenyika, inosanganisira Y3 (al, tb3 +
Iyo tsika yeX-ray fluorescent poda ndeye calcium tungstate. Muma1970s uye 1980s, rare pasi pePasi Pasi pePasi Pokushushikana Screens Kuenzaniswa neCalcium Tungstate, Rare Pasi Pasi Fluorescent Poda inogona kuderedza nguva yeX-Ray Films, RaySpan yeX-Ray machubhu, uye kuderedza kushandisa simba. Terbium inoshandiswawo seye fluorescent puroyi yehurongwa hwekurapa X-ray kushandurwa kweX-ray
Terbiuminoshandiswawo semutambi mune chena inotungamirwa phosphor inofarira nebhuruu mwenje wetsva semiconductor mwenje. Inogona kushandiswa kuburitsa terbium aluminium Magneto Sports phasphors, uchishandisa mwenje webhuruu sechibereko zvakareruka
Iyo yemagetsi magetsi yakagadzirwa kubva kuTerbium inonyanya kusanganisira zinc sulfide green fluorescent poda ne terbium semuganda. Under Ultraviolet kurira Kunyangwe kufambira mberi kwakakosha kwave kuitwa mukudzidza kwevanhu pasi pePasi Kashoma Mafirimu akaonda
Iyo fluorescence maitiro eTerbium anoshandiswawo seye fluolescence pres. Kubatana pakati peiyo yeloxacin terbium (tb3 +) yakaoma uye deoxyribfungucic acid (DNA) yakadzidzwa spectrescence uye yakadai seyekupwanya probe of of ofloxacin terbium (tb3 +). Mhedzisiro yacho yakaratidza kuti yeiyo yeiyo yeiyo tb3 + probe inogona kuumba iyo Groove inosunga neDNAMOLECLECLES, uye Deoxyriclcloc acid inogona kusimudzira zvakanyanya kuwanda kweiyo yeiyo yeiyo yeiyo yeiyo yeiyoloxacin tb3 + system. Zvichienderana neshanduko iyi, Deoxyribonucleic acid inogona kutsanangurwa.
For magneo optical zvinhu
Zvigadzirwa zvine fareday mhedzisiro, zvakare inozivikanwa seMagneti-Optical zvinhu, inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mune lasers uye zvimwe zvishandiso zvekutara. Kune maviri marudzi akaenzana emagineti Optical zvinhu: magneto Optical makristasi uye magneo Optical Girazi. Pakati pavo, magnets - Optical makristuru (akadai seYttrium Galaret uye terbium Gallium Garnet) ane zvakanakira kushanda kweshanduro uye nekukwira kugadzikana, asi zvinodhura uye zvakaoma uye zvakaoma kugadzirwa. Mukuwedzera, vazhinji magmeto-Optical makristasi ane yakakwira farday rotation angs ane yakanyanya kukwirira mune pfupi pfupi yekuwedzera, iyo inogumira kushandisa kwavo. Kuenzaniswa neMagneti Optical makristasi, Magneto Optical Girazi ane mukana wekuputika kwepamusoro uye zviri nyore kugadzirwa muhomwe hombe kana machira. Parizvino, magnets-magirazi ezvinyorwa zvine hombe faraday mhedzisiro inonyanya kukosha pasi rePasi IONED CLAPED magirazi.
Inoshandiswa kune magneti Optical yekuchengetedza zvinhu
Mumakore achangopfuura, nekukura nekukurumidza kwe multimedia nehofisi automation, kudiwa kwetsva hombe-mashacity magnetic mashisiki kwave kuri kuwedzera. Amorphous simbi terbium transition yesimbi alloy mafirimu akaonda mafirimu akashandiswa kugadzira high-performance magnecucal optical discs. Pakati pavo, iyo TBFECO Ally Yakatetepa firimu ine zvakanakisa kuita. Terbium yakavakirwa Magmeto-Optical zvinhu zvakagadzirwa pamwero mukuru, uye magnets-Optical discs yakagadzirwa kubva kwavari inoshandiswa sekombiyuta zvinhu, nekuchengetedza mari yekuchengetedza yakawedzera ne 10-15 times. Ivo vane zvakanakira zvekugona kukuru uye nekukurumidza kuwana kumhanya, uye kunogona kupukutwa uye zvakachekwa makumi ezviuru zvenguva apo inoshandiswa kune yakakwirira-density optical discs. Iwo akakosha zvinhu mukushandisa kwemagetsi ekuchengetedza tekinoroji. Izvo zvinonyanya kushandiswa Magmeto-Optical zvinyorwa mumabhandi anooneka uye ari padyo-infrared gallium garnet (tgg) yekristu-yakanakisa magmeto-Optical zvinyorwa zvekugadzira farayday rotators uye isolator.
For magneo optical girazi
FARAYAD MAGNETO Optical Girazi ine transpency yakanaka uye isotropy mune inooneka uye infrared matunhu, uye inogona kuumba akasiyana maumbirwo akaenzana. Zviri nyore kuburitsa zvigadzirwa zvakakura-zvakakura uye zvinogona kukweverwa mumazwi emisikidzo. Naizvozvo, ine tarisiro yakakura yekushandisa muMagneti Optical zvishandiso zvakadai seMagneti Optical Opolators, Magneto Optical Modulators, uye Fiber Optical Ins Sensors. Nekuda kweiyo hombe yemagineti yemagineti uye diki yekukwenenzvera mune inooneka uye infrered range, tb3 + ions yakajairika kushandiswa zvisingawanzo zivha dzepasi mumashiripiti.
Terbium Dysprosium FerromagnetOrsing Alloy
Pakupera kwezana ramakore rechi20, nekuenderera mberi kweiyo nyika yekuchinja kweNyika yeWorld Tekinoroji, zvinhu zvitsva zvepasi pano pane zvekunyorera zviri kukurumidza kubuda. Muna 1984, Iowa State University, maAmes Laboratori yeUS Simba reUS, kubva kune vanowedzera kuti vatangezve pasi pepasi rePasi, zita rekuti Iyi manyorero matsva akangwara ane hunhu hwakanaka hwekukurumidza kushandura simba remagetsi kuita simba rekuita. Mvura yepasi uye yemagetsi-acoustic transducrs yakagadzirwa neiyi hombe magneorstiory yakagadzirwa nemidziyo yeNaval Naizvozvo, pakangoita maGybius hofori yeSimbi yemigariro esimbi yakakwezverwa, yakawana kutariswa kwakapararira kubva kunyika dzinoshanduka dzakatenderedza pasirese. Sedra Tekinoroji muUnited States yakatanga kuburitsa Terbium Dyrosium Iron High magneortial Engel Zvigadzirwa
Kubva munhoroondo yekuvandudzwa kwezvinhu izvi muUnited States, kugadzirwa kwezvinyorwa uye zvekutanga zvekushandisa zveMonopolistic zvine hukama zvakananga indasitiri yemauto (senge Navy). Kunyangwe mauto ezvina uye madhipatimendi ekudzivirira anosimbisa zvishoma nezvishoma kunzwisisa kwavo zvinhu izvi. Nekudaro, nekuvandudza kwakakosha kwesimba reChina renyika Naizvozvo, kushandiswa kwakapararira kweTerbium Dysprosium Iron Giant magneorsties Zvigadzirwa nemauto ehondo neNational Defiti
Muchidimbu, iyo yakawanda yakanaka midziyo yeterbiumIta kuti ive nhengo yakakosha yezvinhu zvakawanda zvinoshanda uye nzvimbo isiriyo mune mamwe minda yekushandisa. Nekudaro, nekuda kwemutengo wakakwira weTerbium, vanhu vanga vachidzidzira maitiro ekudzivirira uye kuderedza kushandiswa kweterbium kuitira kuderedza mari yekugadzira. Semuenzaniso, zvisingawanzo kuvapo Magmeto-Optical zvinhu zvinofanirwawo kushandisa zvakaderera-zvinodhura Dysprosium iron cobalt kana Gadolinium terbium cobaum cobaum cobal. Edza kuderedza zvirimo zveTerbium mune yakasvibira fluorescent poda inofanira kushandiswa. Mutengo wacho wave chinhu chakakosha kudzivisa kushandiswa kwakapararira kweTerbium. Asi zvakawanda zvinoshanda zvinoshanda hazvigone kuita izvozvo, saka tinofanirwa kuomerera kune iyo pfungwa ye "kushandisa simbi yakanaka pane iyo blade" uye edza kuchengetedza kushandiswa kweterbium zvakanyanya sezvinobvira.
Kutumira Nguva: Aug-07-2023