source:newscenter

Rare earth elements(REEs) kufananalanthanumuyeneodymiumzvinhu zvakakosha zvemagetsi emazuva ano, kubva kunharembozha uye solar panels kusvika kumasetellite nemotokari dzemagetsi. Idzi simbi dzinorema dzinoitika kumativi ose, kunyange muhuwandu hudiki. Asi kudiwa kuri kuramba kuchikwira uye nekuti zvinoitika munzvimbo dzakaderera kudaro, nzira dzechinyakare dzekubvisa maREE dzinogona kusashanda, kusvibisa nharaunda, uye kukanganisa hutano hwevashandi.

Ikozvino, nemari kubva kuDefence Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) Environmental Microbes sechirongwa cheBioEngineering Resource (EMBER), vaongorori veSan Diego State University vari kugadzira nzira dzekuchera dzepamusoro nechinangwa chekusimudzira kuwanikwa kweREEs.

"Tiri kuyedza kugadzira nzira itsva yekupora iyo inochengetedza zvakatipoteredza uye inoenderera mberi," akadaro nyanzvi yezvipenyu uye muongorori mukuru Marina Kalyuzhnaya.

Kuti uite izvi, vaongorori vanopinda mune yakasikwa propensity ye methane-inopedza mabhakitiriya anogara mumamiriro ezvinhu akanyanya kutora maREE kubva kunharaunda.

"Izvo zvinoda zvisingawanzo zvinhu zvepasi kuti zvigadzire imwe yeakakosha maitiro enzymatic munzira dzavo dzemetabolism," akadaro Kalyuzhnaya.

REEs dzinosanganisira akawanda lanthanide zvinhu zveperiodic table. Mukubatana neYunivhesiti yeCalifornia, Berkeley nePacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), vatsvakurudzi veSDSU vanoronga kudzoreredza mainjiniya maitiro ebhayoloji anobvumira hutachiona kukohwa simbi kubva kunharaunda. Kunzwisisa maitiro aya kuchazivisa kusikwa kwemaprotein ekugadzira ekugadzira anosunga nehupamhi hwepamusoro kumhando dzakasiyana dzelanthanides, sekureva kwebiochemist John Love. Chikwata chePNNL chinozivisa genetic determinants ye extremophilic uye REE inounganidza mabhakitiriya, uye vozoratidza yavo REE kutora.

Chikwata chinozogadzirisa mabhakitiriya kuti agadzire mapuroteni anosunga simbi ari pamusoro pemasero avo, akadaro Rudo.

MaREE akawandisa mumitsetse yezvicherwa, marara emamwe masimbi esimbi, akadai sealuminium.

"Migodhi tailings chaizvoizvo tsvina iyo ichine zvakawanda zvinobatsira zvinhu mairi," akadaro Kalyuzhnaya.

Kuti uchenese uye uunganidze maREE mukati, aya maslurries emvura nematombo akapwanyika achafambiswa kuburikidza nebiofilter ine mabhakitiriya akagadziridzwa, achibvumira mapuroteni ekugadzira ari pamusoro pebhakitiriya kuti asarudze kusunga kune REEs. Kufanana nemabhakitiriya anoda methane akashanda sematemplate avo, mabhakitiriya akavandudzwa anoshivirira zvakanyanyisa pH, tembiricha uye salinity, mamiriro anowanikwa mumigodhi.

Vatsvagiri vanozoshanda pamwe nemushandi weindasitiri, Palo Alto Research Center (PARC), kambani yeXerox, kugadzira bioprint ine porous, sorbent zvinhu zvekushandisa mubiofilter. Iyi bioprinting tekinoroji inodhura-yakaderera uye inokonzeresa uye inofungidzirwa kuti ichaguma nekuchengetedza kwakakosha kana ikashandiswa zvakanyanya kudzoreredza zvicherwa.

Pamusoro pekuyedza nekugadzirisa iyo biofilter, timu ichafanirwa kugadzira nzira dzekuunganidza dzakacheneswa lanthanides kubva kubiofilter pachayo, sekureva kweinjiniya yezvakatipoteredza Christy Dykstra. Vatsvagiri vacho vakabatana nekambani yekutanga, Phoenix Tailings, kuyedza nekunatsa maitiro ekudzoreredza.

Nekuti chinangwa ndechekugadzira nzira yekutengeserana inogoneka asi ine hushamwari hwezvakatipoteredza yekuchera maREE, Dykstra nevamwe vakati wandei vepurojekiti vanozoongorora mitengo yehurongwa vachienzanisa nehumwe matekinoroji ekudzoreredza lanthanides, asiwo kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza.

"Isu tinofungidzira kuti ichange iine mabhenefiti akawanda kwezvakatipoteredza uye kuderedza simba remagetsi zvichienzaniswa nezviri kushandiswa ikozvino," akadaro Dykstra. “Sitimu yakaita seiyi ingangove yepasirese biofiltration system, ine simba shoma rekuisa. Uye zvadaro, nedzidziso, kushoma kushandiswa kwezvinonyungudutsa zvinokuvadza zvakatipoteredza nezvimwe zvakadaro. Mazhinji maitiro azvino achashandisa zvinonyungudutsa zvine hutsinye uye zvisina hushamwari.

Dykstra anocherekedzawo kuti sezvo mabhakitiriya achingozvipamhidzira, tekinoroji dzine utachiona huri kuzvivandudza, “nepo kana taizoshandisa nzira yemakemikari, taizofanira kuramba tichibudisa kemikari yakawanda.”

"Kunyange kana ichizodhura zvishoma, asi haikuvadzi zvakatipoteredza, izvo zvingave zvine musoro," akadaro Kalyuzhnaya.

Chinangwa chepurojekiti inotsigirwa neDARPA ndechekupa humbowo hweiyo bio-inotyairwa REE-yekudzoreredza tekinoroji mumakore mana, ayo Kalyuzhnaya akati achada chiono chehunyanzvi uye maonero akasiyana-siyana.

Akawedzera kuti chirongwa ichi chinopa vadzidzi vakapedza kudzidza veSDSU mukana wekutora chikamu mukutsvagisa kwakasiyana siyana "uye kuona kuti pfungwa dzinogona kukura sei kubva kumazano chete nzira yese yekuenzanisira."

---

Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-17-2023