Tantalumwaa birta refractory saddexaad ka dibtungsteniyorhenium. Tantalum waxay leedahay sifooyin aad u fiican oo taxane ah sida barta dhalaalida sare, cadaadiska uumiga hooseeya, waxqabadka qabow ee wanaagsan ee shaqada, xasilloonida kiimikaad sare, iska caabin adag oo daxalka birta dareeraha ah, iyo joogtaynta dielectric sare ee filimka oksaydhka dusha sare. Waxay leedahay codsiyo muhiim ah oo ku saabsan beeraha teknoolojiyadda sare sida elektiroonigga, birta, birta, warshadaha kiimikada, alloys adag, tamarta atomikada, tignoolajiyada sareynta, elektiroonigga baabuurta, hawada hawada, caafimaadka iyo caafimaadka, iyo cilmi baarista sayniska. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, codsiga ugu weyn ee tantalum waa tantalum capacitors.
Sidee loo helay tantalum?
Bartamihii qarnigii 7aad, macdan madow oo culus oo laga helay Waqooyiga Ameerika ayaa loo diray Matxafka Ingiriiska si loo ilaaliyo. Ka dib 150 sano ka dib, ilaa 1801, farmashiistaha Ingiriisi Charles Hatchett wuxuu aqbalay hawsha falanqaynta macdantan Matxafka Britishka wuxuuna ka helay curiye cusub, isaga oo u magacaabay Columbium (kadibna loo beddelay Niobium). Sanadkii 1802 kii, kiimiistii Iswiidhishka Anders Gustav Eckberg ayaa helay curiye cusub isaga oo falanqeeyay macdanta (nobium tantalum ore) ee Jasiiradda Scandinavian-ka, taas oo aysiidhkeedu isu rogtay milix laba jibbaaran oo fluoride ah ka dibna dib loo celiyay. Cunsurkan waxa uu u bixiyay Tantalum oo uu ugu magac daray Tantalus, ina Zeus ee khuraafaadka Giriiga.
Sannadkii 1864kii, Christian William Blomstrang, Henry Edin St. Clair Deville, iyo Louis Joseph Trost waxay si cad u caddeeyeen in tantalum iyo niobium ay yihiin laba walxood oo kiimiko ah oo kala duwan waxayna go'aamiyeen qaacidooyinka kiimikaad ee xeryahooda qaarkood. Isla sanadkaas, Demalinia waxay kuleylisay tantalum chloride jawi hydrogen waxayna soo saartay birta tantalum markii ugu horeysay iyada oo loo marayo falcelinta dhimista. Werner Bolton wuxuu markii ugu horreysay sameeyay birta tantalum ee saafiga ah sannadkii 1903. Saynisyahannada ayaa ahaa kuwii ugu horreeyay ee isticmaala habka crystallization ee lakabka ah si ay uga soo saaraan tantalum niobium. Habkan waxaa daahfuray Demalinia 1866. Habka ay maanta saynisyahannadu isticmaalaan waa soo saarista dareeraha ee tantalum ee ay ku jiraan fluoride.
Taariikhda horumarinta ee warshadaha tantalum
Inkasta oo tantalum la helay horraantii qarnigii 19-aad, haddana ilaa 1903 ayay ahayd markii la soo saaray tantalum birta ah, wax-soo-saarka tantalum-na waxa uu bilaabmay sannadkii 1922-kii. Sidaa darteed, horumarinta wershadaha tantalum ee dunidu waxa uu bilaabmay sannadihii 1920-aadkii, warshadda tantalum ee Shiinahana waxa ay billaabatay 1956.Maraykanku waxa uu ahaa wadanki ugu horeeyay aduunka ee bilaabay soo saarida tantalum,waxana uu bilaabay wax soo saarka miisaanka wershadaha ee tantalum biraha 1922.Japan iyo wadamada kale ee hantiwadaaga waxa ay bilaabeen in ay hormariyaan warshada tantalum dabayaaqadii 1950-meeyadii ama horraantii 1960-meeyadii. Tobannaan sano oo horumar ah ka dib, wax-soo-saarka warshadaha tantalum ee dunidu waxa uu gaadhay heer la taaban karo. Laga soo bilaabo 1990-meeyadii, waxaa jiray saddex shirkadood oo waaweyn oo soo saara tantalum: Kooxda Cabot Group oo ka socota Mareykanka, Kooxda HCST ee Jarmalka, iyo Ningxia Oriental Tantalum Industry Co., Ltd. oo Shiinaha laga leeyahay. Saddexdan kooxood ayaa soo saara in ka badan 80% wadarta wax soo saarka tantalum ee adduunka. Badeecooyinka, tignoolajiyada nidaamka, iyo heerka qalabka ee warshadaha tantalum ee dibadda ayaa guud ahaan aad u sarreeya, kaas oo buuxiya baahiyaha horumarka degdega ah ee sayniska iyo tignoolajiyada adduunka.
Warshadaha tantalum ee Shiinaha waxa ay bilaabeen 1960-meeyadii. Marxaladihii hore ee dhalada iyo farsamaynta tantalum ee Shiinaha, baaxadda wax-soo-saarka, heerka tignoolajiyada, heerka wax-soo-saarka, iyo tayada ayaa aad uga hooseeya kuwa waddamada horumaray. Tan iyo 1990-meeyadii, gaar ahaan tan iyo 1995, wax soo saarka iyo isticmaalka tantalum ee Shiinaha ayaa muujiyay isbeddel horumarineed oo degdeg ah. Waayahan dambe, warshada tantalum ee Shiinaha waxa ay ku guulaysteen isbadal yar ilaa weyn, ka millatariga una guuray shicib, iyo gudaha ilaa dibada, iyaga oo sameeyay nidaamka wershadaha kaliya ee aduunka laga soo bilaabo macdan qodis, dhalaalid, farsamayn ilaa codsi. Badeecadaha sare, dhexe, iyo kuwa hooseeya waxay galeen suuqa caalamiga ah dhinac walba. Shiinuhu waxa uu noqday dalka saddexaad ee ugu xooga badan caalamka dhanka farsamaynta iyo farsamaynta tantalum-ka, waxaanu ka galay safka wadamada ugu waaweyn caalamka.
Heerka Horumarineed ee Warshadaha Tantalum ee Shiinaha
Horumarinta warshadaha tantalum ee Shiinaha ayaa wajahaya dhibaatooyin gaar ah. Haddii ay jirto gabaabsi alaabta ceeriin iyo kaydka kheyraadka oo gabaabsi ah. Sifooyinka kheyraadka tantalum ee Shiinaha ee la xaqiijiyay waa xididdada macdanta ee kala firidhsan, iskudhafka macdanta isku dhafan, darajada Ta2O5 oo hooseeya ee macdanta asalka ah, cabbirka walxaha macdanta ee wanaagsan, iyo ilaha dhaqaale ee xaddidan, taas oo adkeyneysa in mar kale la dhiso miinooyin ballaaran. Inkastoo tantalum baaxad weynniobiumkayd ayaa la helay sanadihii ugu dambeeyay, xaaladaha juqraafiyeed iyo macdanta faahfaahsan, iyo sidoo kale qiimeynta dhaqaalaha, ma cadda. Sidaa darteed, waxaa jira arrimo muhiim ah oo ku saabsan sahayda alaabta ceeriin ee tantalum aasaasiga ah ee Shiinaha.
Warshadaha tantalum ee Shiinaha ayaa sidoo kale wajahaya caqabad kale, taas oo ah awoodda horumarinta ee aan ku filneyn ee alaabta tignoolajiyada sare. Lama dafiri karo in kasta oo tignoolajiyada Shiinaha ee tantalum iyo qalabka ay sameeyeen horumar weyn isla markaana ay leeyihiin awood wax-soo-saar si ay u soo saaraan noocyo badan oo tantalum ah, haddana xaaladda ceebta leh ee awoodda xad-dhaafka ah ee dhexda ilaa dhammaadka hoose iyo awoodda wax-soo-saarka oo aan ku filnayn heer-sare. Alaabooyinka ay ka midka yihiin budada tantalum-ka sare ee awooda sare iyo agabka bartilmaameedka tantalum ee semiconductors way adagtahay in dib loo rogo. Sababo la xiriira isticmaalka hooseeya iyo awoodda wadista ku filan ee warshadaha teknoolajiyada sare ee gudaha, horumarinta alaabada tignoolajiyada sare ee warshadaha tantalum ee Shiinaha ayaa la saameeyay. Marka loo eego aragtida ganacsiyada, horumarinta warshadaha tantalum waxaa ka maqan hagitaan iyo sharci. Sanadihii la soo dhaafay, warshadaha dhalada iyo farsamaynta tantalum ayaa si xawli ah u horumaray laga bilaabo 5tii ilaa 20kii hore, iyada oo si dhab ah loo soo koobay dhismo iyo awood xad dhaaf ah oo muuqata.
Sannado shaqo oo caalami ah, shirkadaha Shiinaha ee tantalum waxay wanaajiyeen hannaankooda iyo qalabkooda, waxay kordhiyeen miisaanka wax soo saarka, kala duwanaanta, iyo tayada, waxayna galeen darajooyinka wax soo saarka warshadaha tantalum ee waaweyn iyo wadamada codsiyada. Ilaa iyo inta aan sii xallineyno dhibaatooyinka alaabta ceeriin, warshadeynta alaabada teknoolojiyadda sare, iyo dib u habeynta warshadaha, warshadaha tantalum ee Shiinaha ayaa hubaal ahaan geli doona safafka quwadaha adduunka.
Waqtiga boostada: Sebtembar-05-2024