“Ngokubuyiselwa okuphelele kokusebenza okujwayelekile komnotho kanye nomphakathi, izinqubomgomo zezomnotho omkhulu zibonise ukusebenza ngempumelelo okukhulu, futhi izinyathelo zenqubomgomo ezehlukene zikhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa komnotho jikelele kanye nenqubekela phambili eqhubekayo yentuthuko yezinga eliphezulu. Kodwa-ke, esigabeni samanje sokusebenza komnotho, kusenezinkinga nezinselelo eziningi, ezinezingozi eziningi kanye nezingozi ezifihliwe ezindaweni ezibalulekile, kanye nesimo sangaphandle esiyinkimbinkimbi nesinzima. Nakuba ithuthuka ngekhwalithi ephezulu, imboni yomhlaba engavamile isabela ngenkuthalo ezingozini nasezinseleleni, iqoqa amandla, inqobe ubunzima, futhi ikhuthaze ukubambisana okuzuzisayo nokuwinayo phakathi kwamabhizinisi ezinkampani zomhlaba ezingavamile ngokusebenzisa amapulatifomu okuhweba, ixhumanisa ngenkuthalo uchungechunge lwezimboni ezikhuphuka nomfula kanye nezansi nomfula, futhi andise futhi iqinise imboni yomhlaba eyivelakancane ngentuthuko eluhlaza, enekhabhoni ephansi, edijithali, kanye nentuthuko esekelwe olwazini.”
01
I-Macroeconomics
Kuleli sonto, i-Federal Reserve inyuse izilinganiso zenzalo ngamanye amaphuzu angu-25, afinyelela izinga eliphakeme kakhulu kusukela ngo-2001. Umnotho ukhule ngokusesilinganisweni, futhi igebe lezinga lenzalo lase-US China libuyiselwe emuva. Amathuba okwehliswa kwezinga kulo nyaka mancane kakhulu, futhi kusengenzeka ukuthi kukhuphuke izinga ngekota yesine. Lokhu kunyuka kwezinga kuqinise ukulungiswa kwemakethe yezezimali yamazwe ngamazwe.
UMnyango Wezimboni Nobuchwepheshe Bolwazi usanda kuveza ukuthi uzokwenza yonke imizamo ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwezimboni okuzinzile, ukukhuthaza nokusebenzisa uhlelo lomsebenzi lokukhula okuzinzile ezimbonini ezibalulekile, ukutadisha nokukhuthaza izinyathelo zenqubomgomo zoguquko kwezobuchwepheshe, ukuthuthukisa indlela yokuxhumana evamile kanye nokuhwebelana. namabhizinisi, sisebenzisa kangcono imizamo ehlanganyelwe yezinqubomgomo ezahlukahlukene, sizinzise okulindelwe yibhizinisi, futhi sikhulise ukuzethemba kwemboni.
02
Isimo semakethe yomhlaba engavamile
Ekuqaleni kukaJulayi, inkambiso yentengo yenyanga edlule iqhubekile, futhi ukusebenza okuphelele kwemakethe yomhlaba engavamile kwakungekuhle.Izintengo zomhlaba ezingavamilebezisebenza ngendlela ebuthakathaka, okuholele ekwehleni kukho kokubili ukukhiqizwa kanye nesidingo. Ukunikezwa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa kwakuncane, futhi ayembalwa amabhizinisi esitokweni. Amabhizinisi etheminali agcwalisa kabusha izimpahla njengoba kudingeka, futhi amanani ayaqhubeka nokwehla ngenxa yokungakhuphuki okwanele.
Kusukela maphakathi nonyaka, ngenxa yezinto eziningi ezinjengokuthengwa kweqembu, ukuvalwa kwezimpahla zaseMyanmar, ugesi oqinile wasehlobo, nezishingishane, amanani entengo aseqalile ukukhuphuka, imibuzo yezimakethe ibe mihle, umthamo wokuthengiselana unyukile, kanye nokuzethemba komthengisi. yenziwe kabusha. Kodwa-ke, izintengo zezinsimbi nama-oxide zisabheke phansi, futhi izimboni zensimbi zinempahla elinganiselwe futhi zingakhiqiza kuphela ngama-oda avaliwe ukuze ahambisane nokukhuphuka kwentengo. Ukukhula kwe-oda kwefekthri yezinto kazibuthe kunomkhawulo, futhi kusenesidingo sokugcwalisa izimpahla, okuholela ekuzimiseleni okubuthakathaka kokuthenga.
Ekupheleni kwenyanga, kokubili imibuzo yezimakethe kanye nomthamo wokuhweba wehlile, okungase kubonise ukuphela kwalo mzuliswano wokukhuphuka kwemikhuba kanye nokuba buthaka jikelele kokusebenza kwemakethe. Ngokusekelwe kokuhlangenwe nakho kwangaphambilini, isizini ye-"Golden Nine Silver Ten" inkathi yokuthengisa ephakeme kakhulu, futhi ama-oda etheminali kulindeleke ukuthi anyuke. Ukukhiqizwa kwebhizinisi kumele kuphinde kufakwe isitokwe kusenesikhathi, okungase kwenyuse amanani entengo yomhlaba engavamile ngo-August. Kodwa-ke, ngesikhathi esifanayo, kufanele kuqashelwe futhi ekuqondisweni kwenqubomgomo kanye nezinguquko ekuhlinzekeni kwemakethe kanye nesidingo. Kusenokungaqiniseki ngamanani omhlaba angavamile ngo-August.
Ukusebenza jikelele kwemakethe yemfucuza engavamile ngoJulayi kwaba nokuntenga, njengoba amanani ehla ekuqaleni kwenyanga, okubhebhethekisa ukuguquguquka kwenzuzo nezindleko. Isasasa lamabhizinisi ngemibuzo lalingelikhulu, kuyilapho ukukhiqizwa kwezinto ezinozibuthe kwakuphansi, okuholela ekukhiqizweni kwemfucuza encane kanye nokutholakala okuyindlala, okwenza amabhizinisi aqaphe kakhulu ekutholeni izimpahla. Ukwengeza, umthamo wokungenisa wemihlaba engavamile unyukile kulo nyaka, futhi ukunikezwa kwezinto ezingavuthiwe kwanele. Kodwa-ke, izintengo zokugaywa kabusha kwemfucuza yomhlaba ezingavamile zihlala ziphezulu, okubeka ingcindezi enkulu emabhizinisini agaywa kabusha. Amanye amabhizinisi ahlukanisa imfucuza athe uma enza ukucubungula okwengeziwe, uzolahlekelwa kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukumisa ukuqoqwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo bese ulinda.
03
Izitayela zentengo zemikhiqizo evamile
Ukushintsha kwentengo kokujwayelekileimikhiqizo yomhlaba engavamile in UJulayi uyakhonjiswa esithombeni esingenhla. Intengo yei-praseodymium neodymium oxideinyuke isuka ku-453300 yuan/ton yaya ku-465500 yuan/ton, ukwanda ngo-12200 yuan/ton; Intengo yensimbi ye-praseodymium neodymium inyuke isuka ku-562000 yuan/ton yaya ku-570800 yuan/ton, inyuke ngo-8800 yuan/ton; Intengo yei-dysprosium oxideinyuke isuka ku-2.1863 million yuan/ton yaya ku-2.2975 million yuan/ton, okuwukunyuka ngo-111300 yuan/ton; Intengo yei-terbium oxideyehle isuka ku-8.225 million yuan/ton yaya ku-7.25 million yuan/ton, yehle ngo-975000 yuan/ton; Intengo yei-holmium oxideyehla isuka ku-572500 yuan/ton yaya ku-540600 yuan/ton, yehle ngo-31900 yuan/ton; Intengo yokuhlanzeka okuphezului-gadolinium oxideyehla isuka ku-294400 yuan/ton yaya ku-288800 yuan/ton, yehle ngo-5600 yuan/ton; Intengo evamilei-gadolinium oxideinyuke isuka ku-261300 yuan/ton yaya ku-263300 yuan/ton, inyuke ngo-2000 yuan/ton.
04
Ulwazi Lwemboni
1
NgoJulayi 11, idatha ekhishwe yi-China Association of Automobile Manufacturers ibonise ukuthi engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2023, ukukhiqizwa nokudayiswa kwezimoto ezintsha zamandla e-China kufinyelele ezigidini ezingu-3.788 kanye nezigidi ezingu-3.747, ngokulandelana, nokukhula konyaka ngonyaka ka-42.4 % kanye nama-44.1%, kanye nesabelo semakethe esingu-28.3%. Phakathi kwabo, ukukhiqizwa nokudayiswa kwezimoto ezintsha zamandla ngoJuni kwafinyelela ku-784000 no-806000, ngokulandelana, nokukhula konyaka ngo-32.8% no-35.2%. Ngokwemininingwane ekhishwe yi-China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, i-China ithumele ngaphandle izimoto ezintsha ezisebenza ngogesi ezingu-800000 engxenyeni yokuqala yonyaka, okuwukunyuka konyaka ngo-105%. Imboni entsha yezimoto zamandla isaqhubeka nokuthuthuka kahle.
2
Muva nje, uMnyango Wezimboni Nobuchwepheshe Bolwazi kanye neKhomishini Kazwelonke Yokumiswa ngokuhlanganyela bakhiphe "Imihlahlandlela Yokwakhiwa Kwesistimu Yezinga Likazwelonke Yemboni Yezimoto Yezimoto (Izimoto Ezixhunyiwe Ezihlakaniphile) (Ushicilelo luka-2023)". Ukukhishwa kwalo mhlahlandlela kuzogqugquzela ukuqinisekiswa okusheshayo kanye nokuqaliswa kobuchwepheshe bokushayela ngobuhlakani, kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwezimboni ezikhuphuka nomfula kanye nezansi nomfula, futhi kungenise inkathi yokuduma kokushayela ngobuhlakani. Ngemuva kokuhlaziywa okujulile kwezidingo ezintsha kanye nezitayela embonini yezimoto ezixhumene ngobuhlakani, uhlelo olujwayelekile olwakhiwe selubeke isisekelo esiqinile sokuthuthukiswa kwekhwalithi ephezulu yemboni yezimoto ezixhumene ngobuhlakani. Kulindeleke ukuthi izinkampani ezehlukene zezimoto zandise imizamo yazo yokuphromotha engxenyeni yesithathu, futhi ngokwesekwa kwenqubomgomo, ukuthengiswa kwezimakethe kulindeleke ukuthi kugcine umkhuba wokukhula engxenyeni yesibili yonyaka.
3
Ngomhla zingama-21 kuNtulikazi, ukuze kuqhutshekwe kuzinziswe futhi kwandiswe ukusetshenziswa kwezimoto, iminyango engu-13 okuhlanganisa neKhomishana Kazwelonke Yezokuthuthukiswa Nezinguquko yakhipha isaziso esithi "Izinyathelo Eziningana Zokuphromotha Ukusetshenziswa Kwezimoto", esibalule ngokuqiniswa kokwakhiwa kwezikhungo ezisekela izimoto ezintsha zikagesi; Ukunciphisa izindleko zokuthenga nokusebenzisa izimoto ezintsha ezisebenza ngamandla; Ukusebenzisa izinqubomgomo nezinyathelo zokuqhubeka nokwenza ngcono ukuncishiswa nokukhululwa kwentela yokuthenga izimoto zamandla amasha; Ukukhuthaza ukwanda kokuthengwa kwezimoto zamandla amasha emkhakheni kahulumeni; Qinisa izinsiza zezezimali zokusetshenziswa kwezimoto, njll. UMnyango Wezimboni Nobuchwepheshe Bolwazi kanye Nokuphathwa Kwezwe Lokulawulwa Kwemakethe baphinde baveza ukuthi imboni yezimoto zamandla entsha yaseShayina ingene esigabeni esisha sentuthuko esheshayo nenkulu. Amabhizinisi okukhiqiza angabantu bokuqala abanomthwalo wemfanelo ngekhwalithi nokuphepha komkhiqizo. Kufanele bathathe izinyathelo zokuvimbela ubungozi kulo lonke uchungechunge lokuthuthukiswa nomklamo womkhiqizo, ukukhiqizwa nokukhiqiza, ukuhlola nokuqinisekisa, bafeze ngempumelelo izibopho ezingokomthetho ezifana nokubikwa kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo wezingozi kanye nokukhumbula iphutha, baqhubeke bethuthukisa amazinga okuphepha komkhiqizo, futhi banqande ngokuqinile ukwenzeka izingozi ezintsha zokuphepha kwezimoto zamandla.
4
Ngokuqhutshwa ukuthuthukiswa okusheshayo kokuphehlwa kwamandla amasha, umthamo omusha ofakiwe wokuphehlwa kukagesi e-China kulindeleke ukuthi udlule ama-kilowatt ayizigidi ezingu-300 ngokokuqala ngqa emlandweni. Izinga lokushisa ezindaweni eziningi zezwe liphezulu uma kuqhathaniswa kuleli hlobo, futhi kulindeleke ukuthi umthamo omkhulu kagesi ezweni ukhuphuke ngamakilowathi ayizigidi ezingama-80 ukuya kumakilowathi ayizigidi eziyi-100 uma kuqhathaniswa nowezi-2022. ngaphansi kunokwenyuka komthwalo kagesi. Kulindeleke ukuthi phakathi nesikhathi sasehlobo esiphezulu sika-2023, ibhalansi isiyonke yokuphakelwa kukagesi kanye nesidingo eChina izoba nzima.
5
Ngokwezibalo ezivela ku-General Administration of Customs, umthamo wokungenisa wamaminerali angavamile kanye nemikhiqizo ehlobene ngoJuni 2023 wawungamathani ayi-17000. Phakathi kwazo, i-United States inamathani angu-7117.6, iMyanmar inamathani angu-5749.8, iMalaysia inamathani angu-2958.1, iLaos inamathani angu-1374.5, kanti iVietnam inamathani angu-1628.7.
NgoJuni, iShayina yangenisa amathani angu-3244.7 engxube yomhlaba engavamile engashiwongo kanye namathani angu-1977.5 esuka eMyanmar. Ngo-June, iChina yathenga kwamanye amazwe amathani angu-3928,9 e-rare earth oxide engashiwongo ngegama, iMyanmar ehlanganisa amathani angu-3772,3; Kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya kuJuni, iShayina yangenisa amathani ayizi-22 000 e-rare earth oxide engashiwongo, lapho amathani ayi-21289.9 angeniswa evela eMyanmar.
Njengamanje, iMyanmar isibe ngumthengisi wesibili ngobukhulu emhlabeni wamaminerali angavamile kanye nemikhiqizo ehlobene, kodwa isanda kungena ngenkathi yemvula futhi kube nokudilika komhlaba ezimayini esifundeni saseBanwa eMyanmar. Kulindeleke ukuthi umthamo wokungenisa ezweni ungehle ngoJulayi. (Imininingwane engenhla ivela ku-General Administration of Customs)
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-15-2023