“Isidingo se-downstream ku-umhlaba ongavamileimakethe kule nyanga ibiphansi kunalokho obekulindelwe, futhi isimo sisonke sisesimweni sokulungiswa esibuthakathaka. Ngaphandle kwe-rebound eqhubekayo ezintengo zei-dysprosiumfuthii-terbiumimikhiqizo, izintengo zizonke zeminye imikhiqizo zibonise ukuthambekela okuhlayo ngenxa yama-oda amasha ambalwa kanye nokuzimisela okuphansi kokuthenga kwezinkampani. Njengamanje, imakethe yomhlaba engavamile isizongena esikhathini esingekho, kanye nokukhuphuka okupheleleumhlaba ongavamileamanani abuthakathaka. Uma zingekho izindaba ezinhle zokukhuthaza esikhathini esifushane, kunzima ukuthi amanani omhlaba angavamile ukuba ehle ngokushesha. Kulindeleke ukuthi imakethe yomhlaba engavamile ihlale ibuthakathaka esikhathini esizayo.”
Uhlolojikelele lweUmhlaba ongavamileSpot Market Kule Nyanga
Intengo isiyonke yeumhlaba ongavamileimikhiqizo iye yaguquguquka futhi yehla kule nyanga, ngokuncipha okukhulu kwevolumu yokuhweba. Intengo yei-praseodymium neodymiumimikhiqizo inzima ukuyimisa, futhi ibilokhu yehla yonke indlela.I-Dysprosiumfuthii-terbiumimikhiqizo yaqhubeka nokuguquguquka nokuwa engxenyeni yokuqala yonyaka. Kamuva, ngenxa yethonya lokuthengwa kweqembu kanye nokungabaza kwabanikazi ukuthengisa nokunyusa amanani, amanani akhuphuka kancane kancane engxenyeni yesibili yonyaka, ngokunyuka okuncane kwevolumu yokuhweba.
Njengamanje, amabhizinisi ahlukanisa umfula anezindleko eziphakeme zokukhiqiza, amanye amabhizinisi amise ukukhiqiza futhi anciphisa ukukhiqiza, ukukhiqizwa kwezindawo zehlile, futhi ukuthunyelwa kuqinisiwe. Kodwa-ke, umthamo wokungenisa wezinto ezingandile zomhlaba uphezulu uma kuqhathaniswa. Ezinyangeni eziyishumi zokuqala zika-2023, iChinaumhlaba ongavamileumthamo wokungenisa ezweni ukhuphuke ngo-40% unyaka nonyaka, okukhombisa ukutholakala kwemakethe okwanele. Ukuthengwa kwempahla ephansi komfula kubeka ingcindezi ekuthengisweni kwendawo yensimbi futhi kwenza kube nzima ukuthi izintengo zikhuphuke. Amabhizinisi okukhiqiza i-iron boron ye-Neodymium ngokuvamile aqala ukukhiqiza cishe ku-70-80%, ngaphandle kokwenyuka okubalulekile kwama-oda amasha. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amanani ayaqhubeka ehla, futhi amabhizinisi we-magnetic material anokuzimisela okuphansi kokuthenga. Ukukhiqizwa kusekelwe ikakhulukazi ekusetshenzisweni kwempahla. Ukuthengwa kokugaywa kabusha kwemfucuza akusebenzi, futhi ukuzimisela komkhumbi akuphezulu ngenxa yomthelela wokwehla kwentengo, okuholela ekuthengeni okunokuntenga. Umsebenzi wemakethe wehlile, futhi abahwebi bakhuphule indlela yabo yokwenza imali ngenzuzo, okuholela ekwenyukeni kokwethuka. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isimemezelo samanani asohlwini lwezindawo ezingavamile enyakatho siyasondela, futhi abathengisi abaningi bahlala beqaphile futhi beqaphile.
Intengo yethrendi yemikhiqizo evamile
Ukushintsha kwentengo kokujwayelekileumhlaba ongavamileimikhiqizo ngoNovemba ikhonjisiwe esithombeni esingenhla. Intengo yei-praseodymium neodymium oxideyehla isuka ku-511500 yuan/ton yaya ku-483400 yuan/ton, ngokwehla kwentengo ngo-28100 yuan/ton; Intengo yei-praseodymium neodymium metalyehla isuka ku-628300 yuan/ton yaya ku-594000 yuan/ton, ngokwehla kwentengo okungu-34300 yuan/ton; Intengo yei-dysprosium oxideinyuke isuka ku-2.6475 million yuan/ton yaya ku-2.68 million yuan/ton, okuwukunyuka kwama-yuan/ton angama-32500; Intengo yei-dysprosium ironyehle isuka ku-2.59 million yuan/ton yaya ku-2.5763 million yuan/ton, ukwehla ngo-13700 yuan/ton; Intengo yei-terbium oxidelehle lisuka ku-8.0688 million yuan/ton laya ku-7.9188 million yuan/ton, lehle ngo-150000 yuan/ton; Intengo yei-holmium oxideyehla isuka ku-580000 yuan/ton yaya ku-490000 yuan/ton, yehle ngo-90000 yuan/ton; Intengo engu-99.99% yobumsulwa obuphezului-gadolinium oxideyehla isuka ku-296300 yuan/ton yaya ku-255000 yuan/ton, yehle ngo-41300 yuan/ton; Intengo engu-99.5% ejwayelekilei-gadolinium oxideyehla isuka ku-271800 yuan/ton yaya ku-233300 yuan/ton, yehle ngo-38500 yuan/ton; Intengo yeinsimbi ye-gadoliniumyehla isuka ku-264900 yuan/ton yaya ku-225800 yuan/ton, yehle ngo-39100 yuan/ton; Intengo yei-erbium oxidelehle lisuka ku-286300 yuan/ton laya ku-285000 yuan/ton, lehle ngo-1300 yuan/ton.
Ukuthuthukiswa kweketango lemboni ephansi kanye nezingozi
Esimweni somnotho womhlaba, ukuchuma nokwehla kwezimboni zomhlaba ezingavamile kuthonywa ngokujulile amaketango okuthengwa kwempahla, inqubekelaphambili yezobuchwepheshe, nokukhula komnotho womhlaba. Kulezi zinsuku, uchungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kwempahla emhlabeni wonke oluya luphelele kanye nenqubekela phambili yezobuchwepheshe ngokushesha kuholele ekwehleni kancane kancane kwesidingo semihlaba engavamile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwehla kokukhula komnotho emhlabeni wonke kanye nokungezwani okuqinile kwezohwebo, kanye nokwenza ngcono okuqhubekayo kwezidingo zokuvikela imvelo nezinsiza, zonke lezi zici zithinte kakhulu ubudlelwano bokuhlinzekwa kanye nesidingo emakethe yomhlaba engavamile, okubangele ukwehla kwamanani okuqhubekayo. .
Ngokolwazi oluvela ku-China Electronic Materials Industry Association, isabelo semakethe esikhulu samakhemikhali e-elekthronikhi ahlanzekile asetshenziswa kumasekethe adidiyelwe emhlabeni wonke sisaphethwe amabhizinisi amakhemikhali asungulwe kwamanye amazwe. Ukuncika kokungeniswa kwamanye amazwe kwama-ultra pure and high-purity reagents kumasekhethi ahlanganisiwe angu-8 intshi nangaphezulu kanye nezibonisi zephaneli eyisicaba yesi-6 e-China kusephezulu, futhi kunendawo ebanzi yokushintshwa kwasekhaya. Ukuzuza ngokuqhutshwa kwenqubomgomo kanye nentuthuko ngaphakathiimpushana yokupholisha umhlaba engavamileubuchwepheshe, amaphaneli wokubonisa we-LCD angezansi kanye nezimboni zesekethe ezihlanganisiwe ziya ngokuya zishintshela emakethe yasekhaya, futhi inqubo yokwenza kwasendaweni kulindeleke ukuthi isheshise.
Mayelana nesidingo,umhlaba ongavamileIzinto zikazibuthe ezihlala njalo zisetshenziswa kakhulu emikhiqizweni ye-elekthronikhi efana nama-LCD TV nama-smartphone. Ngokukhula okuqhubekayo kwalezi zimakethe zemikhiqizo ye-elekthronikhi, isidingo samaphaneli e-LCD esibonisiwe siyakhula, okuholele ukukhula kwesidingoumhlaba ongavamileunomphela uzibuthe izinto. Emkhakheni wamasekethe ahlanganisiwe,imihlaba engavamilenazo zisetshenziswa kabanzi ohlelweni lokukhiqiza amadivaysi e-semiconductor. Ngokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe obusafufusa obufana ne-5G kanye ne-inthanethi Yezinto, isidingo samasekethe ahlanganisiwe asebenza kahle kakhulu siyakhula, okuqhubekisela phambili ukusetshenziswaimihlaba engavamileemkhakheni wezifunda ezididiyelwe. Isidingo siyenyuka, ibhizinisi liyalulama, kanye nejubane lokudilizwa kwempahla kuumhlaba ongavamileimboni iyathuthuka. Umjikelezo omusha ungaqala ngo-2024, futhi indawo yemakethe kulindeleke ukuthi iqhubeke nokuvuleka.
Mayelana nokuhlinzekwa, ukuhlinzekwa kanye nesakhiwo sokufunwa kweimihlaba engavamileizinzile futhi iyaqina, futhi amanani anokuqina okukhuphukayo. Ngokusho kwedatha evela ku-Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, izinkomba zokulawula seziphelele zeumhlaba ongavamileizimayini nokuncibilikisa e-China kukhuphuke ngo-14.29% kanye no-13.86% ngokulandelana ngo-2023, ukwehla okukhulu kusukela cishe ku-25% ngo-2022. Kusenokwesekwa okuthile kwesidingo sama-terminal tram, abalandeli, nezinye izinto zokusebenza, kanye nokuhlinzekwa kanye nesidingoi-praseodymiumfuthii-neodymiumzisesimeni esiqinile.
Uma sibheka phambili esikhathini esizayo, inkambiso yokukhula yesikhathi eside yesidingo samarobhothi ezimboni, izimoto zamandla amasha, izinjini zomoya, neminye imikhiqizo isalokhu ingashintshile. Ukusebenza okuphezulu kozibuthe be-neodymium iron boron boron kulindeleke ukuthi baqhubeke nokukhula ngezinga lokungena elibulalayo. Kodwa-ke, ngokukhuphuka okulinganiselwe kokunikezwayo, ukuqiniswa kokuhlinzekwa komhlaba okungavamile kanye nesidingo kungase kuqhubekise ukusimama kwentengo. Kodwa izinga lokukhula kwesidingo setheminali liphansi kunalokho obekulindelwe, igeyimu phakathi komfula okhuphukayo kanye nowehlayo liyakhula, izintengo zezinto ezibonakalayo phakathi nendawo naphezulu zingaphansi kwengcindezi, futhi ijubane lokukhishwa kokunikezwayo likhuphuka kakhulu. Esikhathini esizayo, ngenqubekelaphambili eqhubekayo yobuchwepheshe kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni ezisafufusa, ukusetshenziswa komhlaba ongavamile kule mikhakha kuzoqhubeka nokukhula, kunikeze indawo ebanzi yokuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kwemboni yomhlaba engavamile.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-13-2023