Amagciwane angase abe ukhiye ekukhipheni ngokuqhubekayo umhlaba ongavamile
Izakhi zomhlaba ezingavamile ezivela ensimbi zibalulekile empilweni yesimanje kodwa ukuzicwenga ngemva kokumbiwa kwezimayini kubiza kakhulu, kulimaza imvelo futhi kwenzeka kakhulu phesheya. Ucwaningo olusha luchaza ubufakazi besimiso sobunjiniyela bebhaktheriya, i-Gluconobacter oxydans, ethatha isinyathelo esikhulu sokuqala ekuhlangabezaneni nesidingo sezinto ezingavamile zomhlaba ezikhuphukayo ngendlela ehambisana nezindleko nokusebenza kahle kwezinqubo zendabuko zokukhishwa kwe-thermochemical nezindlela zokucwengisiswa futhi ihlanzeke ngokwanele ukuhlangabezana nezindinganiso zemvelo zase-US. "Sizama ukuqhamuka nendlela evumelana nemvelo, izinga lokushisa eliphansi, nengcindezi ephansi yokuthola izinto ezingavamile zomhlaba edwaleni," kusho uBuz Barstow, umbhali omkhulu wephepha kanye nomsizi kaprofesa wobunjiniyela bebhayoloji nemvelo. Cornell University. Izakhi—okukhona kuzo ezingu-15 kuthebula le-periodic—ziyadingeka kuyo yonke into kusukela kumakhompiyutha, omakhalekhukhwini, izikrini, imibhobho, izinjini zomoya, izimoto zikagesi nama-conductor kuya kuma-radar, ama-sonar, amalambu e-LED namabhethri angashajwa. Ngenkathi i-US yake yacwenga ezayo izici zomhlaba ezingavamile, lokho kukhiqizwa kuma eminyakeni engaphezu kwamashumi amahlanu edlule. Manje, ukucwengwa kwalezi zakhi kwenzeka cishe ngokuphelele kwamanye amazwe, ikakhulukazi i-China. "Iningi lokukhiqizwa kwezinto ezingavamile zomhlaba kanye nokumbiwa kusezandleni zamazwe angaphandle," kusho omunye umbhali u-Esteban Gazel, uprofesa ohlangene wezesayensi yomhlaba kanye ne-atmospheric eCornell. "Ngakho-ke ukuze kuvikeleke izwe lethu nendlela yokuphila, kudingeka sibuyele endleleni yokulawula leyo nsiza." Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zonyaka zase-US zezinto zomhlaba ezingavamile, cishe amathani ayizigidi ezingu-71.5 (~78.8 wezigidi zamathani) we-ore eluhlaza kuzodingeka ukuthi kukhishwe amakhilogremu angu-10,000 (~22,000 pounds) wezinto. Izindlela zamanje zincike ekuncibilikeni kwedwala eline-asidi e-sulfuric eshisayo, okulandelwa ukusebenzisa izincibilikisi eziphilayo ukuze kuhlukaniswe izakhi ezifanayo kakhulu komunye nomunye ngesixazululo. "Sifuna ukuthola indlela yokwenza isiphazamisi esenza lowo msebenzi kangcono," kusho uBarstow. I-G. oxydans yaziwa ngokwenza i-asidi ebizwa ngokuthi i-biolixiviant encibilikisa idwala; amabhaktheriya asebenzisa i-asidi ukuze adonse ama-phosphates ezakhini zomhlaba ezingavamile. Abacwaningi sebeqalile ukukhohlisa izakhi zofuzo ze-G. oxydans ukuze ikhiphe izakhi ngokuphumelelayo. Ukwenza kanjalo, abacwaningi basebenzisa ubuchwepheshe u-Barstow asizile ekuthuthukiseni, obubizwa ngokuthi i-Knockout Sudoku, obavumela ukuba bakhubaze izakhi zofuzo ezingu-2,733 ku-G. oxydans' genome ngayinye. Ithimba likhethe izakhi eziguquliwe, ngayinye inofuzo oluthile olukhishiwe, ukuze likwazi ukubona ukuthi yiziphi izakhi zofuzo ezidlala indima ekukhipheni izakhi edwaleni. "Nginethemba elikhulu," kusho uGazel. "Sinohlelo lapha oluzosebenza ngempumelelo ukwedlula noma yini eyake yenziwa ngaphambilini." U-Alexa Schmitz, umcwaningi we-postdoctoral elebhu kaBarstow, ungumbhali wokuqala wocwaningo, "I-Gluconobacter oxydans Knockout Collection Ithola I-Improved Rare Earth Element Extraction," eshicilelwe ku-Nature Communications.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-19-2021