Izindlela zokukhipha zescandium
Isikhathi eside ngemuva kokutholakala kwayo, ukusetshenziswa kwe-scandium akuzange kuboniswe ngenxa yobunzima bayo ekukhiqizeni. Ngokuthuthuka okwandayo kwezindlela zokuhlukanisa izakhi zomhlaba ezingavamile, manje sekukhona ukugeleza kwenqubo evuthiwe yokuhlanza izinhlanganisela ze-scandium. Ngenxa yokuthi i-scandium ine-alkalinity ebuthakathaka kakhulu uma iqhathaniswa nezakhi ze-yttrium ne-lanthanide, ama-hydroxides aqukethe izinto ezingavamile zomhlaba ezixutshwe namaminerali aqukethe i-scandium. Ngemuva kokwelashwa, i-scandium hydroxide izoqala ukushuba lapho idluliselwa esixazululo futhi iphathwa nge-ammonia. Ngakho-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwendlela yemvula elinganiselwe kungayihlukanisa kalula nezinto ezingavamile zomhlaba. Enye indlela ukusebenzisa i-hierarchical decomposition of nitrate ukuze kuhlukaniswe, njengoba i-nitric acid iyona elula kakhulu ukubola futhi ingafinyelela inhloso yokuhlukanisa i-scandium. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukubuyiselwa okuphelele kwe-scandium ehambisana ne-uranium, i-tungsten, i-tin namanye ama-mineral deposits nakho kuwumthombo obalulekile we-scandium.
Ngemva kokuthola inhlanganisela ehlanzekile ye-scandium, iguqulwa ibe yi-ScCl3 futhi ihlanganiswe ne-KCI ne-LiCI. I-zinc encibilikisiwe isetshenziswa njenge-cathode ye-electrolysis, okwenza i-scandium igibele ku-zinc electrode. Khona-ke, i-zinc iyahwamuka ukuze kutholakale i-metallic scandium. Lena insimbi emhlophe eyisiliva ekhanyayo, futhi izakhiwo zayo zamakhemikhali nazo zisebenza kakhulu. Ingasabela ngamanzi ashisayo ukuze ikhiqize i-hydrogen.
Sikhandimuinezindawo zokuminyana okuphansi kwesihlobo (cishe ilingane ne-aluminium) nendawo yokuncibilika ephezulu. I-Nitriding (SCN) inephuzu lokuncibilika elingu-2900 ℃ kanye nokuhanjiswa okuphezulu, okuyenza isetshenziswe kabanzi ezimbonini ze-elekthronikhi nezomsakazo. I-Scandium ingenye yezinto zokwakha ama-thermonuclear reactors. I-Scandium ingashukumisa i-phosphorescence ye-ethane futhi ithuthukise ukukhanya okuluhlaza kwe-magnesium oxide. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezibani ze-mercury ezinengcindezi ephezulu, izibani ze-sodium ezibukhali zinezinzuzo ezifana nokusebenza kahle kokukhanya okuphezulu kanye nombala wokukhanya omuhle, okuwenza afanelekele ukuqoshwa kwefilimu nokukhanyisa kweplaza.
I-Scandium ingasetshenziswa njengesengezo se-nickel chromium alloys embonini ye-metallurgical ukukhiqiza ama-alloys aphikisana nokushisa okuphezulu. I-Scandium iwumthombo obalulekile wamapuleti okubona umkhumbi-ngwenya. Ukushisa okuvuthayo kwe-scandium kufinyelela ku-5000 ℃, okungasetshenziswa kubuchwepheshe bomkhathi. I-Sc ingasetshenziselwa ukulandelela imisebe ngezinjongo ezihlukahlukene. I-Scandium kwesinye isikhathi isetshenziswa kwezokwelapha.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-16-2023