I-Nanotechnology iwumkhakha osafufusa wezinhlaka ezahlukene owathuthuka kancane kancane ngasekupheleni kwawo-1980 kanye nasekuqaleni kwawo-1990. Ngenxa yamandla ayo amakhulu okudala izinqubo ezintsha zokukhiqiza, izinto zokwakha, kanye nemikhiqizo, kuzodala uguquko olusha lwezimboni kuleli khulu leminyaka elisha. Izinga lamanje lentuthuko ye-nanoscience kanye ne-nanotechnology lifana nelobuchwepheshe bekhompyutha kanye nolwazi ngeminyaka yawo-1950. Ososayensi abaningi abazibophezele kulo mkhakha balindele ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa kwe-nanotechnology kuzoba nomthelela obanzi futhi ojulile ezicini eziningi zobuchwepheshe. Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi inezakhiwo ezingavamile kanye nezakhiwo eziyingqayizivele, kanye nemiphumela eyinhloko yokukhawulela eholela ezicini eziyinqaba ze-nano.umhlaba ongavamileizinto ezisetshenziswayo zifaka umphumela othize ongaphezulu, umphumela kasayizi omncane, umthelela wesixhumi esibonakalayo, umphumela osobala, umphumela we-tunnel, kanye nomphumela we-quantum we-macroscopic. Le miphumela yenza izici ezibonakalayo zezinhlelo ze-nano zihluke ezintweni ezivamile, njengokukhanya, ugesi, ukushisa, kanye ne-magnetism, okuholela ezicini eziningi zamanoveli. Kunezikhombisi-ndlela ezintathu eziyinhloko zososayensi bakusasa abazocwaninga futhi bathuthukise i-nanotechnology: ukulungiswa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwama-nanomaterials asebenza kahle kakhulu; Dizayina futhi ulungiselele amadivaysi e-nano ahlukahlukene kanye nemishini; Thola futhi uhlaziye izakhiwo zezifunda ze-nano. Njengamanje, kunezikhombisi-ndlela zohlelo lokusebenza lwe-nanoumhlaba ongavamiles, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwesikhathi esizayo kwe-nanoimihlaba engavamilekudingeka kuthuthukiswe.
I-Nano lanthanum oxide (La2O3)
I-Nano lanthanum oxideisetshenziswa ezintweni ze-piezoelectric, izinto ze-electrothermal, izinto zogesi ezishisayo, izinto zemagnetoresistive, izinto ezikhanyayo (impushana eluhlaza) izinto zokugcina i-hydrogen, ingilazi yokubona, izinto ze-laser, izinto ezahlukahlukene ze-alloy, ama-catalysts wokulungiselela imikhiqizo yamakhemikhali e-organic, kanye nama-catalysts okunciphisa ukukhathala kwezimoto. Amafilimu ezolimo aguqula ukukhanya aphinde asetshenziswe kuwoI-nano lanthanum oxide.
Ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko kwenano ceriazihlanganisa: 1. Njengesengezo sengilazi,nano ceriaikwazi ukumunca imisebe ye-ultraviolet kanye ne-infrared futhi isetshenziswe engilazini yezimoto. Akugcini nje ukuvimbela imisebe ye-ultraviolet, kodwa futhi inganciphisa izinga lokushisa ngaphakathi kwemoto, ngaleyo ndlela ilondoloze ugesi we-air conditioning. 2. Ukusetshenziswa kweI-nano cerium oxidekuma-catalysts okuhlanza i-exhaust yezimoto angavimbela ngempumelelo inani elikhulu legesi yokukhipha izimoto ukuthi lingakhishelwa emoyeni. 3.I-Nano cerium oxideingasetshenziswa kuma-pigments kumapulasitiki ombala futhi ingasetshenziswa nasezimbonini ezinjengokumboza, uyinki, namaphepha. 4. Ukusetshenziswa kwenano ceriaezintweni zokupholisha kuye kwaqashelwa kabanzi njengemfuneko yokunemba okuphezulu yokupholisha amawafa e-silicon kanye nama-sapphire single crystal substrates. 5. Ngaphezu kwalokho,nano ceriaingasetshenziswa futhi ezintweni zokugcina i-hydrogen, izinto ze-thermoelectric,nano ceriaama-electrode e-tungsten, ama-capacitor e-ceramic, ama-piezoelectric ceramics,nano ceria i-silicon carbideama-abrasives, izinto zokusetshenziswa zamangqamuzana kaphethiloli, izinto ezibangela uphethiloli, izinto ezithile zikazibuthe ezihlala unomphela, izinsimbi ezihlukahlukene ze-alloy, nezinsimbi ezingenayo insimbi.
I-NanometerI-Praseodymium oxide (I-Pr6O11)
Ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko kweI-nano praseodymium oxidezihlanganisa: 1. Isetshenziswa kabanzi ekwakheni izitsha zobumba nezitsha zobumba zansuku zonke. Ingaxutshwa ne-ceramic glaze ukwenza umbala ocwebezelayo, noma isetshenziswe njenge-underglaze pigment iyodwa. I-pigment ekhiqizwayo iphuzi ngokukhanyayo, ithoni yombala ehlanzekile nenhle. 2. Isetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza omazibuthe baphakade, abasetshenziswa kakhulu kumishini kagesi ehlukahlukene namamotho. 3. Isetshenziselwa ukuqhekeka kwe-petroleum catalytic, ingathuthukisa umsebenzi we-catalytic, ukukhetha, nokuzinza. 4.I-Nano praseodymium oxideingabuye isetshenziselwe ukupholisha abrasive. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswaI-nano praseodymium oxideemkhakheni wemicu optical nalo liya ngokuya lisakazeka.
I-nanometer neodymium oxide (Nge2O3)
I-nanometer neodymium oxideisici sesibe yisihloko esishisayo sokunakwa kwemakethe iminyaka eminingi ngenxa yesikhundla saso esiyingqayizivele kuumhlaba ongavamileinkambu.I-nanometer neodymium oxideiphinde isetshenziswe ezintweni zensimbi ezingenayo insimbi. Yengeza u-1.5% kuya ku-2.5%I-nano neodymium oxidekuya ku-magnesium noma i-aluminium alloys ingathuthukisa ukusebenza kwezinga eliphezulu lokushisa, ukungangeni komoya, nokumelana nokugqwala kwe-alloy, futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi njengempahla ye-aerospace. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-nano yttrium aluminium garnet ehlanganiswe neI-nano neodymium oxideI-e ikhiqiza imishayo ye-laser yamagagasi amafushane, asetshenziswa kakhulu embonini yokushisela nokusika izinto ezincanyana ezinogqinsi olungaphansi kuka-10mm. Emsebenzini wezokwelapha, nanoi-yttrium aluminiumama-lasers e-garnet ahlanganiswe nawoI-nano neodymium oxidezisetshenziswa esikhundleni semimese yokuhlinza ukuze kukhishwe amanxeba okuhlinzwa noma okubulala amagciwane.I-Nano neodymium oxideisetshenziselwa ukufaka imibala kwengilazi nezinto zobumba, kanye nemikhiqizo yenjoloba nezithasiselo.
Ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko kwei-nanoscale samarium oxidezihlanganisa umbala wayo ophuzi okhanyayo, osetshenziswa kuma-capacitor e-ceramic kanye nama-catalysts. Ngaphezu kwalokho,i-nano samarium oxidefuthi inezakhiwo zenuzi futhi ingasetshenziswa njengempahla yesakhiwo, into evikelayo, kanye nezinto zokulawula zeziphehlisi ze-athomu, okuvumela ukusetshenziswa okuphephile kwamandla amakhulu akhiqizwa ukuqhekeka kwe-nuclear.
I-Nanoscalei-europium oxide (I-Eu2O3)
I-Nanoscale europium oxideisetshenziswa kakhulu kuma-fluorescent powders. I-Eu3+ isetshenziswa njenge-activator yama-phosphors abomvu, futhi i-Eu2+ isetshenziselwa ama-phosphors aluhlaza. Kulezi zinsuku, i-Y0O3: I-Eu3+ iyi-phosphor engcono kakhulu yokusebenza kahle kwe-luminescence, ukuqina kwe-coating, kanye nokutholwa kwezindleko. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe obunjengokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwe-luminescence nokuqhathanisa, isetshenziswa kabanzi. Muva nje,I-nano europium oxideiye yasetshenziswa futhi njenge-phosphor ekhishwayo evuselelwe ezinhlelweni zokuxilonga zezokwelapha ze-X-ray. I-Nano europium oxide ingase futhi isetshenziselwe ukwenza amalensi anemibala nezihlungi zamehlo, kumadivayisi kazibuthe okugcina ibhamuza, nasekulawuleni izinto zokwakha, izinto ezivikelayo, nezinto zokwakha zama-athomu asabelayo. I-fine particle gadolinium europium oxide (Y2O3Eu3+) impushana ebomvu ye-fluorescent yalungiswa kusetshenziswaI-nano yttrium oxide (Y2O3) kanyeI-nano europium oxide (I-Eu2O3) njengezinto zokusetshenziswa. Lapho ulungiselelaumhlaba ongavamilei-tricolor fluorescent powder, kwatholakala ukuthi: (a) ingaxuba kahle nempushana eluhlaza kanye nempushana eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka; (b) Ukusebenza kahle kwe-coating; (c) Ngenxa yosayizi wezinhlayiyana ezincane zempushana ebomvu, indawo ethile engaphezulu iyakhula, futhi inani lezinhlayiya ezikhanyayo liyakhuphuka, okunganciphisa inani lempushana ebomvu esetshenziswaumhlaba ongavamiletricolor phosphors, okuholela ekwehleni kwezindleko.
I-Nano gadolinium oxide (Gd2O3)
Ukusetshenziswa kwayo okuyinhloko kuhlanganisa: 1. Inkimbinkimbi yayo ye-paramagnetic encibilikayo emanzini ingathuthukisa isignali ye-imaging ye-magnetic resonance (NMR) yomzimba womuntu emisebenzini yezokwelapha. 2. Ama-base sulfur oxides angasetshenziswa njengamagridi e-matrix okukhanya okukhethekile kwamashubhu oscilloscope kanye nezikrini ze-X-ray fluorescence. 3. II-nano gadolinium oxide in I-nano gadolinium oxideI-gallium garnet iyindawo eyodwa ekahle yenkumbulo yenkumbulo yebhamuza kazibuthe. 4. Uma ungekho umkhawulo womjikelezo we-Camot, ingasetshenziswa njengendawo yokupholisa kazibuthe yesimo esiqinile. 5. Isetshenziswa njengesivimbeli sokulawula izinga lokusabela kweketango lezitshalo zamandla enuzi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kokusabela kwenuzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswaI-nano gadolinium oxidekanye ne-nano lanthanum oxide ndawonye kusiza ukuguqula indawo yokuguqula ingilazi futhi kuthuthukise ukuzinza kokushisa kwengilazi.I-Nano gadolinium oxideingasetshenziselwa futhi ukukhiqiza ama-capacitor kanye nezikrini zokuqinisa i-X-ray. Okwamanje kwenziwa imizamo emhlabeni wonke ukuthuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kweI-nano gadolinium oxidekanye nama-alloys ayo ekupholiseni kazibuthe, futhi sekuye kwenziwa ukugqama.
I-Nanometeri-terbium oxide (Tb4O7)
Izindawo eziyinhloko zokufaka isicelo zifaka: 1. Impushana ye-Fluorescent isetshenziswa njenge-activator yempushana eluhlaza ezimpushaneni ezintathu eziyinhloko ezinombala we-fluorescent, njenge-phosphate matrix ecushwe ngui-nano terbium oxide, i-matrix ye-silicate yenziwe yasebenza ngui-nano terbium oxide, kanye ne-nano cerium magnesium aluminate matrix icushwe ngui-nano terbium oxide, konke kukhipha ukukhanya okuluhlaza esimweni sokujabula. 2. Eminyakeni yakamuva, ucwaningo nentuthuko yenziwei-nano terbium oxideizinto ezisekelwe ku-magneto-optical zokugcina i-magneto-optical storage. I-magneto-optical disc eyakhiwe kusetshenziswa ifilimu encane ye-Tb-Fe amorphous njengento yokugcina ikhompuyutha ingakhuphula umthamo wokulondoloza izikhathi ezingu-10-15. 3. Ingilazi ye-Magneto optical, ingilazi ye-Faraday ejikelezayo equkethei-nano terbium oxide, iyinto ebalulekile esetshenziswa ekwenziweni kwama-rotator, ama-isolator, namaringi asetshenziswa kabanzi kubuchwepheshe be-laser.I-Nano terbium oxidekanye ne-nano dysprosium iron oxide iye yasetshenziswa kakhulu ku-sonar futhi isetshenziswe kabanzi emikhakheni ehlukahlukene, kusukela ezinhlelweni zokujova uphethiloli, ukulawulwa kwevalvu ewuketshezi, ukubekwa kwe-micro positioning kuma-actuator emishini, izindlela, kanye nezilawuli zamaphiko zezindiza nezibonakude zasemkhathini.
Nano dysprosium oxide (I-Dy2O3)
Ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko kweI-nano dysprosium oxide (I-Dy2O3) I-nano dysprosium oxideyizo: 1.Nano dysprosium oxideisetshenziswa njenge-fluorescent powder activator, kanye ne-trivalentI-nano dysprosium oxideiyiyoni ethembisayo yokwenza kusebenze yesikhungo esisodwa sokukhanya okukhanyayo okubalulekile kombala wesithathu wento ekhanyayo. Ikakhulukazi yakhiwe amabhendi amabili e-emission, eyodwa i-yellow light emission, kanti enye i-blue light emission. Impahla ye-luminescent ihlanganisweI-nano dysprosium oxideingasetshenziswa njenge-powder fluorescent enemibala emithathu eyinhloko. 2.Nano dysprosium oxideiyinsimbi edingekayo ukuze kulungiswe ingxubevange enkulu ye-magnetostrictivei-nano terbium oxidei-nano dysprosium iron oxide (Terfenol) ingxubevange, engenza ukuthi ukunyakaza okuthile okunembe kwemishini kuzuzwe. 3.Nano dysprosium oxideinsimbi ingasetshenziswa njengento yokugcina i-magneto-optical enejubane eliphezulu lokurekhoda nokuzwela kokufunda. 4. Isetshenziselwa ukulungiselelaI-nano dysprosium oxideizibani, into esebenzayo esetshenziswa kuyoI-nano dysprosium oxideizibaniI-nano dysprosium oxide. Lolu hlobo lwesibani lunezinzuzo ezifana nokukhanya okuphezulu, umbala omuhle, izinga lokushisa lombala ophezulu, usayizi omncane, kanye ne-arc ezinzile. Isetshenziswe njengomthombo wokukhanyisa wama-movie, ukuphrinta, nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zokukhanyisa. 5. Ngenxa yendawo enkulu ye-neutron yokubamba enqamula izingxenye zeI-nano dysprosium oxide, isetshenziswa embonini yamandla e-athomu ukukala i-neutron spectra noma njengesimunyisi neutron.
Ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko kwei-nano holmium oxidezihlanganisa: 1. njengesengezo sezibani zensimbi ze-halide. Izibani ze-Metal halide ziwuhlobo lwesibani esikhipha igesi esakhiwe ngesisekelo sezibani ze-mercury ezicindezela kakhulu, ezibonakala ngokugcwalisa isibani ngezinto ezihlukahlukene.umhlaba ongavamilehalide. Okwamanje, ukusetshenziswa okuyinhlokoumhlaba ongavamileiodide, ekhipha imibala ehlukahlukene ye-spectral ngesikhathi sokukhishwa kwegesi. Isithako esisebenzayo esisetshenziswa emboninii-nano holmium oxideIsibani se-iodizedi-nano holmium oxide, engafinyelela ukuhlushwa okuphezulu kwama-athomu ensimbi endaweni ye-arc, ithuthukise kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kwemisebe. 2.I-Nano holmium oxideingasetshenziswa njengesengezo se-yttrium iron nomai-yttrium aluminiumi-garnet; 3.I-Nano holmium oxideingasetshenziswa njenge-yttrium iron aluminium garnet (Ho: YAG) ukuze ikhiphe i-laser engu-2 μ M, izicubu zomuntu ku-2 μ Izinga lokumuncwa le-m laser liphezulu, cishe ama-oda amathathu obukhulu aphakeme kunalawo we-Hd: YAG0. Ngakho-ke lapho usebenzisa i-Ho: YAG laser yokuhlinzwa kwezokwelapha, hhayi nje kuphela ukuthi ukusebenza kahle nokunemba kokuhlinzwa kungathuthukiswa, kodwa futhi indawo yomonakalo oshisayo ingancishiswa ibe usayizi omncane. I-beam yamahhala eyenziwe ngui-nano holmium oxideamakristalu angaqeda amafutha ngaphandle kokukhiqiza ukushisa ngokweqile, ngaleyo ndlela anciphise umonakalo oshisayo ezicutshini ezinempilo. Kubikwa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwei-nano holmium oxideama-laser e-United States ukwelapha i-glaucoma anganciphisa ubuhlungu beziguli ezihlinzwa. 4. Ku-magnetostrictive alloy Terfenol D, inani elincanei-nano holmium oxidekungase futhi kwengezwe ukunciphisa inkambu yangaphandle edingekayo ukuze saturation uzibuthe we ingxubevange. 5. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinto zokuxhumana ezibonakalayo ezifana nama-fiber lasers, ama-fiber amplifiers, nezinzwa zefiber zingenziwa kusetshenziswa imicu ehlanganiswei-nano holmium oxide, okuzodlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni okusheshayo kokuxhumana kwe-fiber optic namuhla.
Ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko kwei-nano erbium oxidehlanganisa: 1. Ukukhishwa kokukhanya kwe-Er3+ ku-1550nm kunokubaluleka okukhethekile, njengoba le wavelength itholakala ngokunembile ekulahlekeni okuphansi kwamafiber optical ekuxhumaneni kwe-fiber optic. Ngemva kokujatshuliswa ukukhanya kubude begagasi obungu-980nm1480nm,i-nano erbium oxideama-ion (Er3+) ukusuka ku-ground state 4115/2 ukuya ku-high-energy state 4113/2, futhi akhiphe ukukhanya kwe-wavelength okungu-1550nm lapho i-Er3+ isesimweni esinamandla amakhulu ishintsha ibuyela esimweni esiphansi, imicu ye-Quartz optical ingadlulisa ubude obuhlukahlukene bamaza okukhanya. , kodwa izinga le-optical attenuation liyahlukahluka. Ibhendi yokukhanya engu-1550nm inezinga eliphansi kakhulu lokunciphisa ukukhanya (ama-decibel angu-0.15 ngekhilomitha) ekudluliselweni kwemicu ye-quartz optical, okucishe kube umkhawulo ophansi wezinga lokunciphisa. Ngakho-ke, lapho ukuxhumana kwe-fiber optic kusetshenziswa njengokukhanya kwesiginali ku-1550nm, ukulahleka kokukhanya kuyancishiswa. Ngale ndlela, uma ukuhlushwa okufanele kwei-nano erbium oxideifakwe ku-matrix efanelekile, i-amplifier ingakhokhela ukulahlekelwa ezinhlelweni zokuxhumana ngokusekelwe kumgomo we-laser. Ngakho-ke, kumanethiwekhi ezokuxhumana adinga ukukhuliswa kwamasiginali we-1550nm optical,i-nano erbium oxideama-doped fiber amplifiers angamadivayisi abalulekile okubona. Okwamanje,i-nano erbium oxideama-amplifiers ane-doped silica fiber adayisiwe. Ngokwemibiko, ukuze kugwenywe ukumuncwa okungenalusizo, inani le-doping le-nano erbium oxide emiculweni yokubona lisuka emashumini liye kumakhulu ppm. Ukuthuthukiswa okusheshayo kokuxhumana kwe-fiber optic kuzovula izinkambu ezintsha zokusetshenziswa kwei-nano erbium oxide. 2. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amakristalu laser doped ngei-nano erbium oxidekanye namalaser awo angu-1730nm kanye ne-1550nm aphephile emehlweni abantu, anokusebenza okuhle kokudluliswa komkhathi, amandla okungena aqinile entuthu yasenkundleni yempi, ukugcinwa kuyimfihlo okuhle, futhi akubonwa kalula yizitha. Umehluko wokukhipha imisebe kokuhlosiwe kwezempi mkhulu kakhulu, futhi isitholi sebanga lelaser esiphathwayo sokuphepha kwamehlo omuntu senzelwe ukusetshenziswa kwezempi. 3. I-Er3+ ingangezwa engilazini ukuze yenziweumhlaba ongavamileizinto zengilazi ze-laser, okumanje ziyi-solid-state laser material enamandla amakhulu okukhipha i-pulse namandla okukhipha. 4. I-Er3+ ingasetshenziswa futhi njenge-ion yokwenza kusebenze yezinto ezingavamile zokuguqula umhlaba. 5. Ngaphezu kwalokho,i-nano erbium oxideingabuye isetshenziselwe ukukhipha umbala kanye nemibala yamalensi engilazi kanye nengilazi ecwebezelayo.
I-Nanometer yttrium oxide (Y2O3)
Ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko kweI-nano yttrium oxidezihlanganisa: 1. izithasiselo for steel kanye non-ayoni ingxubevange. Ama-alloys e-FeCr ngokuvamile aqukethe u-0.5% kuya ku-4%I-nano yttrium oxide, okungathuthukisa ukumelana ne-oxidation kanye ne-ductility yalezi zinsimbi ezingenasici; Ngemva kokungeza inani elifanele lokucebileI-nano yttrium oxideokuxubileumhlaba ongavamilekuya ku-MB26 ingxubevange, ukusebenza okuphelele kwengxubevange sekuthuthuke kakhulu, futhi kungashintsha amanye ama-alloys aphakathi namandla e-aluminium ezingxenyeni ezithwala umthwalo wendiza; Ukwengeza inani elincane le-nano yttriumi-oxide yomhlaba engavamileku-Al Zr ingxubevange ingathuthukisa ukuqhutshwa kwe-alloy; Le ngxubevange yamukelwe yizimboni eziningi zezintambo zasekhaya; UkungezaI-nano yttrium oxidekuya kuma-alloys ethusi kuthuthukisa i-conductivity namandla omshini. 2. Iqukethe u-6%I-nano yttrium oxidekanye ne-aluminium engu-2% ye-silicon nitride ceramic material ingasetshenziswa ukuthuthukisa izingxenye zenjini. 3. Sebenzisa i-400 wattI-nano neodymium oxidei-aluminium garnet laser beam ukwenza ukucutshungulwa kwemishini njengokumba, ukusika, kanye nokushisela ezintweni ezinkulu. 4. Isikrini se-electron microscope fluorescent esakhiwe ama-wafers ekristalu eyodwa ye-Y-Al garnet sinokukhanya okuphezulu kwe-fluorescence, ukumunca okuphansi kokukhanya okuhlakazekile, ukumelana kahle nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu nokugqokwa komshini. 5. phezuluI-nano yttrium oxideama-alloys akhiwe aqukethe kufika ku-90%I-nano gadolinium oxideingasetshenziswa ezindizeni nakwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga ukuminyana okuphansi nendawo yokuncibilika ephezulu. 6. I-proton yokushisa ephezulu eqhuba izinto eziqukethe kufika ku-90%I-nano yttrium oxidezibaluleke kakhulu ekukhiqizweni kwamaseli kaphethiloli, amaseli e-electrolytic, nezingxenye zokuzwa igesi ezidinga ukunyibilika okuphezulu kwe-hydrogen. Ngaphezu kwalokho,I-nano yttrium oxideiphinde isetshenziswe njengento yokufafaza enezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, i-diluent kaphethiloli we-atomic reactor, isengezo sezinto zikazibuthe unomphela, nanjenge-getter embonini ye-elekthronikhi.
Ngaphezu kwalokhu okungenhla, nanoama-oxide omhlaba angavamileingasetshenziswa futhi ezintweni zokugqoka ezinempilo yabantu kanye nokusebenza kwemvelo. Kusukela ophikweni lwamanje locwaningo, bonke banesiqondiso esithile: ukumelana nemisebe ye-ultraviolet; Ukungcoliswa komoya nemisebe ye-ultraviolet kuthambekele ezifweni zesikhumba nomdlavuza; Ukuvimbela ukungcola kwenza kube nzima ukuthi ukungcola kunamathele ezingutsheni; Ucwaningo luyaqhubeka futhi emkhakheni we-thermal insulation. Ngenxa yokuqina nokuguga kalula kwesikhumba, ijwayele ukubumba amabala ngezinsuku zemvula. Ukungena nge-nanoumhlaba ongavamile i-cerium oxideingenza isikhumba sibe thambile, singasheshi ukuguga kanye nesikhunta, futhi sikhululeke kakhulu ukugqoka. Izinto zokufaka i-nanocoating nazo zibe yisihloko esishisayo ocwaningweni lwama-nanomaterial eminyakeni yamuva nje, okugxilwe kakhulu ekuhlanganisweni okusebenzayo. I-United States isebenzisa i-80nmY2O3njengesivikelo se-infrared, esisebenza kahle kakhulu ekuboniseni ukushisa.CeO2inenkomba ye-refractive ephezulu kanye nokuzinza okuphezulu. NiniI-nano yomhlaba engavamile i-yttrium oxide, nano lanthanum oxide kanyeI-nano cerium oxidei-powder yengezwa embotsheni, udonga lwangaphandle lungakwazi ukumelana nokuguga. Ngenxa yokuthi udonga lwangaphandle luthanda ukuguga nokuwa ngenxa yopende ovezwa emisebeni yelanga ye-ultraviolet kanye nokuchayeka komoya isikhathi eside kanye nelanga, ukungezwai-cerium oxidefuthii-yttrium oxideingamelana nemisebe ye-ultraviolet, futhi usayizi wezinhlayiyana zayo mncane kakhulu.I-Nano cerium oxideisetshenziswa njenge-absorber ultraviolet, Kulindeleke ukuthi isetshenziselwe ukuvimbela ukuguga kwemikhiqizo yepulasitiki ngenxa yemisebe ye-ultraviolet, kanye nokuguga kwe-UV yamathangi, izimoto, imikhumbi, amathangi okugcina uwoyela, njll., nokubamba iqhaza emabhodini amakhulu angaphandle
Isivikelo esingcono kakhulu esokumboza odongeni lwangaphakathi ukuvimbela isikhunta, umswakama, nokungcola, njengoba usayizi wezinhlayiyana zawo mncane kakhulu, okwenza kube nzima ukuthi uthuli lunamathele odongeni futhi lungasulwa ngamanzi. Kusenemisebenzi eminingi ye-nanoama-oxide omhlaba angavamileezidinga ucwaningo olwengeziwe nokuthuthukiswa, futhi sithemba ngobuqotho ukuthi lizoba nekusasa eliqhakazile.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-03-2023