I-Nanotechnology kanye ne-Nanomaterials: I-Nanometer Titanium Dioxide ku-Sunscreen Cosmetics

I-Nanotechnology kanye ne-Nanomaterials: I-Nanometer Titanium Dioxide ku-Sunscreen Cosmetics

Caphula amagama

Cishe u-5% wemisebe ekhishwa ilanga inemisebe ye-ultraviolet enobude obungu-≤400 nm. Imisebe ye-Ultraviolet ekukhanyeni kwelanga ingahlukaniswa: imisebe ye-ultraviolet yamaza amade enobude obungamaza obungu-320 nm~400 nm, ebizwa ngokuthi imisebe ye-ultraviolet yohlobo lwe-A (UVA); Imisebe ye-ultraviolet yamaza amaphakathi enobude obungu-290 nm kuya ku-320 nm ibizwa ngokuthi imisebe ye-ultraviolet yohlobo lwe-B (UVB) kanti imisebe ye-ultraviolet yamaza amafushane enobude obungu-200 nm kuya ku-290 nm ibizwa ngokuthi imisebe ye-ultraviolet yohlobo lwe-C.

Ngenxa yobude bayo obufushane begagasi namandla amakhulu, imisebe ye-ultraviolet inamandla amakhulu okubhubhisa, engalimaza isikhumba sabantu, ibangele ukuvuvukala noma ukushiswa yilanga, futhi ikhiqize umdlavuza wesikhumba ngokungathi sína. I-UVB iyisici esiyinhloko esibangela ukuvuvukala kwesikhumba nokushiswa yilanga.

1. umgomo wokuvikela imisebe ye-ultraviolet nge-nano TiO2

I-TiO _ 2 iyi-semiconductor yohlobo lwe-N. Uhlobo lwekristalu lwe-nano-TiO _ 2 olusetshenziswa kuzimonyo zokuvikela ilanga luvamile, futhi ububanzi bebhendi obunqatshelwe bungu-3.0 eV Uma imisebe ye-UV enobude obungamaza obungaphansi kuka-400nm i-irradiate TiO _ 2, ama-electron akubhendi ye-valence akwazi ukumunca imisebe ye-UV futhi ajabule i-conduction band, kanye namapheya e-electron-hole akhiqizwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngakho-ke i-TiO _ 2 inomsebenzi wokumunca imisebe ye-UV. Ngosayizi wezinhlayiyana ezincane nezingxenyana eziningi, lokhu kwandisa kakhulu amathuba okuvimba noma okuvimba imisebe ye-ultraviolet.

2. Izici ze-nano-TiO2 kuzimonyo zokuvikela ilanga

2.1

Ukusebenza kahle kokuvikela kwe-UV

Ikhono lokuvikela i-ultraviolet lezimonyo zokuvikela ilanga libonakaliswa yisici sokuvikela ilanga (inani le-SPF), futhi uma liphakeme inani le-SPF, kuba ngcono umphumela wokuvikela ilanga. Isilinganiso samandla adingekayo ukuze kukhiqizwe i-erythema ebonakala ephansi kakhulu yesikhumba esigcotshwe ngemikhiqizo yokuvikela ilanga kuya emandleni adingekayo ukuze kukhiqizwe i-erythema yezinga elifanayo esikhumbeni ngaphandle kwemikhiqizo yokuvikela ilanga.

Njengoba i-nano-TiO2 imunca futhi isakaza imisebe ye-ultraviolet, ithathwa njengesikhilimu esivikela ilanga esifanelekile kakhulu ekhaya naphesheya. Ngokuvamile, ikhono le-nano-TiO2 lokuvikela i-UVB liphindwe izikhathi ezingu-3-4 kune-nano-ZnO.

2.2

Ibanga losayizi wezinhlayiyana ezifanele

Ikhono lokuvikela i-ultraviolet le-nano-TiO2 linqunywa ikhono layo lokumunca kanye nekhono lokuhlakaza. Uma umncane usayizi wezinhlayiyana zangempela ze-nano-TiO2, amandla okumunca i-ultraviolet aqina. Ngokomthetho kaRayleigh wokuhlakazeka kokukhanya, kukhona usayizi wezinhlayiyana wangempela ophelele wekhono eliphezulu lokuhlakaza le-nano-TiO2 kuya emisebeni ye-ultraviolet enamaza ahlukene. Ukuhlola futhi kubonisa ukuthi uma ubude beza beza bemisebe ye-ultraviolet buyinde,Ikhono lokuvikela le-nano-TiO 2 lincike kakhulu ekhonweni layo lokuhlakaza; Lapho ubude begagasi bumfushane, ukuvikela kwayo kuncike kakhulu emandleni ayo okumunca.

2.3

Ukuhlakazeka okuhle kakhulu nokungafihli lutho

Usayizi wangempela wezinhlayiyana ze-nano-TiO2 ungaphansi kuka-100 nm, ungaphansi kakhulu kunobude begagasi bokukhanya okubonakalayo. Ngokwethiyori, i-nano-TiO2 ingadlulisela ukukhanya okubonakalayo uma kuhlakazwe ngokuphelele, ngakho isobala. Ngenxa yokungafihli kwe-nano-TiO2, ngeke imboze isikhumba uma ifakwa ezimonzweni zokuvikela ilanga. Ngakho-ke, ingabonisa ubuhle besikhumba bemvelo.I-Transparency ingenye yezinkomba ezibalulekile ze-nano-TiO2 ezimonyoni ze-sunscreen. Eqinisweni, i-nano-TiO 2 isobala kodwa ayibonakali ngokuphelele kuzimonyo zokuvikela ilanga, ngoba i-nano-TiO2 inezinhlayiya ezincane, indawo enkulu eqondile namandla angaphezulu kakhulu, futhi kulula ukwenza ama-aggregate, ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte ukuhlakazeka nokungafihli imikhiqizo.

2.4

Ukumelana nesimo sezulu esihle

I-Nano-TiO 2 yezimonyo ze-sunscreen idinga ukumelana nesimo sezulu esithile (ikakhulukazi ukumelana nokukhanya). Ngenxa yokuthi i-nano-TiO2 inezinhlayiya ezincane nokusebenza okuphezulu, izokhiqiza amapheya e-electron-hole ngemva kokumunca imisebe ye-ultraviolet, futhi amanye amapheya e-electron-hole azofudukela phezulu, okuholela ku-atomic oxygen nama-hydroxyl radicals emanzini adsorbed ebusweni I-nano-TiO2, enekhono eliqinile le-oxidation.Izobangela ukushintsha kombala kwemikhiqizo kanye nephunga ngenxa yokubola kwezinongo. Ngakho-ke, isendlalelo sokuhlukanisa esisodwa noma eziningi ezisobala, njenge-silica, i-alumina ne-zirconia, kufanele zimbozwe phezu kwe-nano-TiO2 ukuze kuvinjwe umsebenzi wayo we-photochemical.

3. Izinhlobo nezitayela zokuthuthukiswa kwe-nano-TiO2

3.1

I-Nano-TiO2 powder

Imikhiqizo ye-nano-TiO2 ithengiswa ngendlela ye-powder eqinile, engahlukaniswa ibe yi-hydrophilic powder kanye ne-lipophilic powder ngokusho kwezindawo ezingaphezulu ze-nano-TiO2. I-hydrophilic powder isetshenziselwa izimonyo ezisekelwe emanzini, kanti i-lipophilic powder isetshenziselwa izimonyo ezisekelwe kumafutha. Izimpushana ze-Hydrophilic ngokuvamile zitholakala ngokuphathwa kwe-inorganic surface.Iningi lalezi zimpushana ze-nano-TiO2 zangaphandle ziye zenziwa ukwelashwa okukhethekile okungaphezulu ngokwezinkambu zokufaka isicelo.

3.2

Umbala wesikhumba nano TiO2

Ngenxa yokuthi izinhlayiya ze-nano-TiO2 zilungile futhi kulula ukusabalalisa ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngobude obufushane beza obufushane ekukhanyeni okubonakalayo, uma zengezwe kuzimonyo zokuvikela ilanga, isikhumba sizobonisa ithoni eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka futhi sibukeke singenampilo. Ukuze uhambisane nombala wesikhumba, izingulube ezibomvu ezifana ne-iron oxide zivame ukungezwa kumafomula wezimonyo ekuqaleni. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yomehluko wokuminyana nokubamanzi phakathi kwe-nano-TiO2 _ 2 ne-iron oxide, imibala entantayo ivame ukwenzeka.

4. Isimo sokukhiqiza se-nano-TiO2 e-China

Ucwaningo oluncane lwe-nano-TiO2 _ 2 eShayina lusebenza kakhulu, futhi izinga locwaningo lwethiyori selifinyelele ezingeni eliphezulu emhlabeni, kodwa ucwaningo olusetshenziswayo kanye nocwaningo lobunjiniyela lusemuva ngokuqhathaniswa, futhi imiphumela eminingi yocwaningo ayikwazi ukuguqulwa ibe yimikhiqizo yezimboni. Ukukhiqizwa kwezimboni kwe-nano-TiO2 e-China kwaqala ngo-1997, eminyakeni engaphezu kwe-10 kamuva kune-Japan.

Kunezizathu ezimbili ezikhawulela ikhwalithi nokuncintisana kwemakethe kwemikhiqizo ye-nano-TiO2 e-China:

① Ucwaningo lobuchwepheshe olusetshenziswayo lusemuva

Ucwaningo lobuchwepheshe besicelo ludinga ukuxazulula izinkinga zokwengeza inqubo kanye nokuhlolwa komphumela we-nano-TiO2 ohlelweni oluyinhlanganisela. Ucwaningo lokusetshenziswa kwe-nano-TiO2 emikhakheni eminingi alukathuthukiswa ngokugcwele, futhi ucwaningo emikhakheni ethile, njengezimonyo zokuvikela ilanga, lusadinga ukujuliswa.Ngenxa yokusilela kocwaningo lobuchwepheshe olusetshenziswayo, imikhiqizo yaseChina ye-nano-TiO2 _ 2 ayikwazi ukwenza ama-serial brand ukuze ihlangabezane nezidingo ezikhethekile zezinkambu ezahlukene.

② Ubuchwepheshe bokwelapha obungaphezulu be-nano-TiO2 budinga ukucwaninga okwengeziwe

Ukwelashwa okungaphezulu kuhlanganisa ukwelashwa kwendawo ephilayo kanye nokwelashwa kwendawo ephilayo. Ubuchwepheshe bokwelapha obungaphezulu buhlanganiswe nefomula ye-ejenti yokwelashwa, ubuchwepheshe bokwelashwa kwendawo kanye nempahla yokwelapha engaphezulu.

5. Amazwi okuphetha

Ukungafihli, ukusebenza kokuvikela i-ultraviolet, ukuhlakazeka kanye nokumelana nokukhanya kwe-nano-TiO2 ezimonyoni zokuvikela ilanga kuyizinkomba zobuchwepheshe ezibalulekile zokwahlulela ikhwalithi yayo, kanye nenqubo yokuhlanganiswa kanye nendlela yokwelapha engaphezulu ye-nano-TiO2 iwukhiye wokunquma lezi zinkomba zobuchwepheshe.