Engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu le-19, ukutholakala kokuhlaziywa kwe-spectroscopic kanye nokushicilelwa kwamathebula ezikhathi ezithile, okuhambisana nokuthuthukiswa kwezinqubo zokuhlukaniswa kwe-electrochemical yezakhi zomhlaba ezingavamile, kwaqhubekisela phambili ukukhuthaza ukutholakala kwezinto ezintsha zomhlaba eziyivelakancane. Ngo-1879, uCliff, waseSweden, wathola isakhi se-holmium futhi wasiqamba ngokuthi i-holmium ngegama lendawo yaseStockholm, inhloko-dolobha yaseSweden.
Inkambu yesicelo yei-holmiumisadinga ukuthuthukiswa okwengeziwe, futhi umthamo awumkhulu kakhulu. Muva nje, i-Baotou Steel Rare Earth Research Institute yamukele ubuchwepheshe bokucwenga kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye nephezulu ukuze kuthuthukiswe i-holmium yensimbi ecwebe kakhulu enokuqukethwe okuphansi kakhulu kokungcola komhlaba okungajwayelekile/ Σ RE>99.9％。 Njengamanje, ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko holmium zimi kanje.
(1) Njengesengezo samalambu ensimbi e-halide, izibani zensimbi ze-halide ziwuhlobo lwesibani esikhipha igesi esakhiwe ngesisekelo sezibani ze-mercury ezinomfutho ophezulu, ezibonakala ngokugcwalisa isibani ngama-halide ahlukahlukene angavamile emhlabeni. Njengamanje, ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko yi-iodide yomhlaba engavamile, ekhipha imibala ehlukene ye-spectral ngesikhathi sokukhishwa kwegesi. Into esebenzayo esetshenziswa kumalambu e-holmium yi-holmium iodide, engafinyelela ukugcwala okuphezulu kwama-athomu ensimbi endaweni ye-arc, ithuthukise kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kwemisebe.
(2)I-Holmiumingasetshenziswa njengesengezo se-yttrium iron noma i-yttrium aluminium garnet.
(3) Ho: I-YAG doped yttrium aluminium garnet ingakhipha i-laser engu-2 μ M, izinga lokumuncwa kwezicubu zomuntu ukuya ku-2um laser liphezulu, cishe ama-oda amathathu obukhulu angaphezulu kwalawo e-Hd: YAG. Ngakho-ke lapho usebenzisa i-Ho: YAG laser yokuhlinzwa kwezokwelapha, hhayi nje kuphela ukuthi ukusebenza kahle nokunemba kokuhlinzwa kungathuthukiswa, kodwa futhi indawo yomonakalo oshisayo ingancishiswa ibe usayizi omncane. I-beam yamahhala ekhiqizwa amakristalu e-holmium ingaqeda amafutha ngaphandle kokukhiqiza ukushisa okukhulu, ngaleyo ndlela yehlise umonakalo oshisayo ezicutshini ezinempilo. Kubikwa ukuthi ukwelashwa nge-holmium laser ye-glaucoma e-United States kunganciphisa ubuhlungu beziguli ezihlinzwa. I-China 2 μ Izinga lamakristalu e-laser m selifinyelele ezingeni lamazwe ngamazwe, futhi kufanele kwenziwe imizamo yokuthuthukisa nokukhiqiza lolu hlobo lwe-laser crystal.
(4) Ku-magnetostrictive alloy Terfenol D, inani elincane le-holmium lingangezwa futhi ukuze kuncishiswe insimu yangaphandle edingekayo ukuze kugcwaliswe i-saturation ye-alloy.
(5) Ngaphezu kwalokho, imicu ye-holmium doped ingasetshenziswa ukwenza izinto zokuxhumana ezibonakalayo ezifana nama-fiber lasers, ama-fiber amplifiers, nezinzwa ze-fiber, ezizodlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni okusheshayo kokuxhumana kwefayibha namuhla.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-06-2023