Muva nje, lapho amanani entengo yazo zonke izinto zasekhaya eziyinqwaba kanye nemikhiqizo yensimbi enganayo insimbi ehla, intengo yemakethe yomhlaba ongavamile ibilokhu ikhula kahle, ikakhulukazi ekupheleni kuka-Okthoba, lapho intengo ibanzi futhi umsebenzi wabahwebi ukhuphukile. . Isibonelo, i-spot praseodymium ne-neodymium metal kunzima ukuyithola ngo-Okthoba, futhi ukuthenga okunenani eliphezulu sekuyinto evamile embonini. Intengo yendawo yensimbi ye-praseodymium neodymium ifinyelele ku-910,000 yuan/ton, futhi intengo ye-praseodymium neodymium oxide nayo yagcina inani eliphezulu lika-735,000 kuya ku-740,000 yuan/ton.
Abahlaziyi bezimakethe bathi ukukhuphuka kwamanani entengo yomhlaba ayivelakancane ikakhulukazi ngenxa yemiphumela ehlangene yokukhuphuka kwesidingo samanje, ukuncishiswa kokuhlinzekwa kwempahla kanye nempahla ephansi. Ngokufika kwesizini yokuhleleka okuphezulu kwikota yesine, izintengo zomhlaba ezingavamile zisenomfutho ophakeme. Eqinisweni, isizathu salokhu kukhuphuka kwamanani entengo yomhlaba angavamile ikakhulukazi siqhutshwa isidingo samandla amasha. Ngamanye amazwi, ukukhuphuka kwezintengo zomhlaba ezingavamile empeleni kuwukugibela kwamandla amasha.
Ngokwezibalo ezifanele, ezingxenyeni ezintathu zokuqala zalo nyaka, izwe lami'ukuthengiswa kwezimoto zamandla amasha kufinyelele phezulu. Kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya kuSepthemba, umthamo wokuthengiswa kwezimoto ezintsha ezisebenza ngamandla eShayina ubengu-2.157 million, okuwukukhula konyaka nonyaka ngamahlandla ayi-1.9 kanti unyaka nonyaka wenyuka izikhathi eziyi-1.4. I-11.6% yenkampani'ukuthengiswa kwezimoto ezintsha.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwezimoto ezintsha zamandla kuye kwazuzisa kakhulu imboni yomhlaba engavamile. I-NdFeB ingenye yazo. Le nto yokusebenza kazibuthe ephezulu isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi emikhakheni yezimoto, amandla omoya, ama-electronics abathengi nokunye. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, isidingo semakethe se-NdFeB sikhule kakhulu. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinguquko zesakhiwo esisetshenziswayo eminyakeni emihlanu edlule, inani lezimoto ezintsha ezisebenza ngamandla liphindeke kabili.
Ngokwesethulo sikachwepheshe waseMelika uDavid Abraham encwadini ethi "Periodic Table of Elements", izimoto zanamuhla (zamandla amasha) zifakwe odonsa abangaphezu kuka-40, izinzwa ezingaphezu kuka-20, futhi zisebenzisa cishe amagremu angu-500 wezinto ezingavamile zomhlaba. Imoto ngayinye eyi-hybrid idinga ukusebenzisa amakhilogremu angu-1.5 wezinto ezingavamile kazibuthe. Kwabenzi bezimoto abakhulu, ukushoda kwe-chip okuthuthukayo njengamanje kuwukushiyeka okuntekenteke, okufushane, futhi ngokunokwenzeka "nemihlaba engavamile kumasondo" echungechungeni lokunikezela.
u-Abrahama'Isitatimende asilona ihaba. Imboni yomhlaba eyivelakancane izodlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwezimoto ezintsha zamandla. Njenge-neodymium iron boron, iyingxenye ebalulekile yezimoto zamandla amasha. Uma ubheka phezulu nomfula, i-neodymium, i-praseodymium ne-dysprosium emhlabeni ongavamile nakho kuyimpahla ebalulekile ye-neodymium iron boron. Ukuchuma kwemakethe yezimoto zamandla amasha kuzoholela nakanjani ekwenyukeni kwesidingo sezinto ezingavamile zomhlaba njenge-neodymium.
Ngaphansi komgomo we-carbon peak kanye nokungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni, izwe lizoqhubeka nokukhulisa izinqubomgomo zalo ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuthuthukiswa kwezimoto ezintsha zamandla. UMkhandlu Kazwelonke usanda kukhipha i-"Carbon Peaking Action Plan ngo-2030", ehlongoza ukukhuthaza ngokuqinile izimoto ezintsha zamandla, ukunciphisa kancane kancane ingxenye yezimoto ezijwayelekile ezisetshenziswayo ekukhiqizeni izimoto ezintsha kanye nokubamba izimoto, ukukhuthaza ezinye izindlela ezifakwe ugesi ezimotweni zokusebenzela umphakathi zasemadolobheni, kanye ukugqugquzela ugesi ne-hydrogen. Uphethiloli, igesi yemvelo ewuketshezi enamandla ethwala impahla esindayo. I-Action Plan iphinde yacacisa ukuthi ngo-2030, ingxenye yezimoto ezintsha ezinamandla namandla ahlanzekile azofinyelela ku-40%, futhi amandla okukhishwa kwekhabhoni ngeyunithi ngayinye ukuguqulwa kwezimoto ezisebenzayo kuzokwehla ngo-9.5% uma kuqhathaniswa no-2020.
Lokhu kuyinzuzo enkulu embonini yomhlaba engavamile. Ngokwezilinganiso, izimoto zamandla amasha zizoletha ukukhula okukhulu ngaphambi kuka-2030, futhi imboni yezimoto yezwe lami kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezimoto kuzokwakha kabusha emithonjeni emisha yamandla. Kufihlwe ngemuva kwalomgomo omkhulu isidingo esikhulu semihlaba engavamile. Isidingo sezimoto zamandla amasha sesivele sabalelwa ku-10% wesidingo semikhiqizo esebenza kahle ye-NdFeB, futhi cishe ngama-30% okwanda kwesidingo. Uma sicabanga ukuthi ukuthengiswa kwezimoto zamandla amasha kuzofinyelela cishe ezigidini eziyi-18 ngo-2025, isidingo sezimoto ezintsha ezinamandla sizokhuphuka sifinyelele ku-27.4%.
Ngokuthuthukiswa komgomo “wekhabhoni embaxambili”, ohulumeni basekhaya kanye nohulumeni basekhaya bazokweseka ngamandla futhi bakhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa kwezimoto ezintsha ezisebenza ngogesi, futhi uchungechunge lwezinqubomgomo zokweseka luzoqhubeka nokukhishwa nokusetshenziswa. Ngakho-ke, noma ngabe ukwanda kokutshalwa kwezimali kumandla amasha ohlelweni lokusebenzisa inhloso "yekhabhoni emibili", noma ukukhula kwemakethe yezimoto zamandla amasha, kulethe ukwanda okukhulu.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-12-2021