Isiliva chloride, kwaziwa ngamakhemikhali njengobaAgcl, iyingxenye ekhangayo enobubanzi bokusetshenziswa. Umbala waso omhlophe oyingqayizivele wenza kube ukukhetha okuthandwayo kwezithombe, ubucwebe, nezinye izindawo eziningi. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kokuchayeka isikhathi eside sokukhanya noma izindawo ezithile, i-chloride yesiliva ingaguqula futhi ijike. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola izizathu ngemuva kwale nto ethokozisayo.
Isiliva chlorideyakheka ukusabela kweisiliva nitrate (I-AGNO3) nge-hydrochloric acid (HCL) noma yimuphi omunye umthombo we-chloride. Kuyi-crystalline emhlophe eqinile enezithombe ezizwakalayo, okusho ukuthi iyashintsha lapho kuvezwa ukukhanya. Le mpahla ingenzeka ngokuba khona kwama-ions esiliva (AG +) nama-ion (cl-) e-crystal lattice.
Isizathu esiyinhloko esenzaIsiliva chlorideIjika grey ukwakheka kweIsiliva lensimbi(Ag) ebusweni bayo. NiniIsiliva chloridekuvezwa ukukhanya noma amakhemikhali athile, ama-ion esiliva akhona ekwakheni abhekana nokusabela kokuncipha. Lokhu kubangelaIsiliva lensimbiukufaka imali ebusweni beisiliva chlorideamakristalu.
Eminye yemithombo ejwayelekile yalokhu kusabela kokuncipha yi-Ultraviolet (UV) elula ekhona elangeni. Lapho isiliva chloride seludalulwa imisebe ye-UV, amandla anikezwe ukukhanya okubangela ama-elektroni athola ama-elektroni aguqule abeIsiliva lensimbi. Lokhu kusabela kubizwa nge-Photodouctor.
Ngaphezu kokukhanya, ezinye izinto ezingadalaisiliva chlorideUkujika okumpunga kufaka ukuchayeka kumakhemikhali athile, anjenge-hydrogen peroxide noma isibabule. Lezi zinto zisebenza njengokunciphisa ama-ejenti, ukukhuthaza ukuguqulwa kwama-ions esiliva kuIsiliva lensimbi.
Enye into ethokozisayo ebangela ukuba i-chloride yesiliva iphenduke impunga yendima yokungcola noma ekulimaleni esakhiweni sekristalu. Ngisho nasemsulwaisiliva chlorideAmakristalu, kuvame ukuba neziphambeko ezincanyana noma ukungcola okuhlakazeka kulo lonke elase-crystal lattice. Lokhu kungasebenza njengezindawo zokuqalwa kokuphendula okuncishisiwe, okuholela ekugcinweni kweinsimbi yelivaekrakhweni ekristalu.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela lokho kumpungaisiliva chlorideakukhona ngempela umphumela omubi. Eqinisweni, isetshenziswe ezinhlelweni ezahlukahlukene, ikakhulukazi emkhakheni wezithombe.Isiliva chlorideisithako esiyisihluthulelo esithombeni esimnyama nesimhlophe, lapho ukuguqulwa kweisiliva chlorideIsiliva isinyathelo esibalulekile ekwakheni isithombe esibonakalayo. Okuveziweisiliva chlorideAmakristalu aphenduka grey lapho ephendula ngokukhanya, akha isithombe esisetshenzisiwe, esakhiwa kusetshenziswa amakhemikhali wezithombe ukuze aveze isithombe sokugcina esimnyama nomhlophe.
Ukufingqa, umbala onsundu weisiliva chloridekubangelwa ukuguqulwa kwama-ion esiliva kuIsiliva lensimbiekrakhweni ekristalu. Lesi simo sibangelwa ukuvezwa ukukhanya noma amakhemikhali athile adala ukusabela kokuncipha. Ukuba khona kokungcola noma amaphutha esakhiweni sekristalu nakho kungadala le mpunga. Yize kungashintsha ukubukeka kweisiliva chloride, lolu shintsho luye lwaxhashazwa ezithombeni zokwakha izithombe ezimnyama nezimhlophe.
Isikhathi sePosi: Nov-07-2023