Lanthanum, mmewere 57 nke tebụl oge.
Iji mee ka tebụl nke ihe dị n'oge dị mma ka ọ dịkwuo mma, ndị mmadụ wepụrụ ụdị ihe dị iche iche 15, gụnyere lanthanum, nke ọnụọgụ Atọm na-abawanye n'aka nke ya, ma tinye ha iche n'okpuru tebụl oge. Njirimara kemịkal ha yiri ya. Ha na-ekekọrịta lattice nke atọ n'ahịrị nke isii nke tebụl oge, nke a na-akpọkọta ọnụ dị ka "Lanthanide" ma bụrụ nke "ihe ndị na-adịghị ahụkebe ụwa". Dị ka aha ahụ na-egosi, ọdịnaya nke lanthanum dị n'ime ụwa dị ntakịrị, nke abụọ na cerium.
Na njedebe nke 1838, onye Sweden chemist Mossander zoro aka na oxide ọhụrụ dị ka ụwa lanthanide na mmewere dị ka lanthanum. Ọ bụ ezie na ọtụtụ ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị ghọtara nkwubi okwu ahụ, Mossander ka nwere obi abụọ banyere nsonaazụ ya bipụtara n'ihi na ọ hụrụ agba dị iche iche na nnwale ahụ: mgbe ụfọdụ lanthanum na-apụta na-acha uhie uhie na-acha odo odo, mgbe ụfọdụ na-acha ọcha, na mgbe ụfọdụ na pink dị ka ihe nke atọ. Ihe ndị a mere ka o kwenye na lanthanum nwere ike ịbụ ngwakọta dị ka cerium.
Lanthanum metalbụ ọla ọcha na-acha ọcha ọla ọcha nke nwere ike ịkpụ, gbatịa, were mma gbutuo ya, jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ na-emebi mmiri oyi, na-emeghachi omume ike n'ime mmiri ọkụ, ma nwee ike ịmịnye hydrogen gas. Ọ nwere ike meghachi omume ozugbo na ọtụtụ ihe ndị na-abụghị ọla dị ka carbon, nitrogen, boron, selenium, wdg.
Amorphous ntụ ntụ na-acha ọcha na nonmagneticLanthanum oxidea na-ejikarị eme ihe na mmepụta ụlọ ọrụ. Ndị mmadụ na-eji lanthanum kama sodium na calcium mee bentonite gbanwetụrụ, nke a makwaara dị ka onye na-akpọchi phosphorus.
The Eutrophication nke mmiri ahu bụ tumadi n'ihi na oké phosphorus mmewere na mmiri ahụ, nke ga-eduga na uto nke-acha anụnụ anụnụ-acha akwụkwọ ndụ algae na-eri etisasịwo oxygen na mmiri, n'ihi na n'ebe nile ọnwụ nke azụ. Ọ bụrụ na agwọghị ya n'oge, mmiri ga-esi ísì, àgwà mmiri ga-akawanye njọ. Mwepu mmiri na-aga n'ihu na-aga n'ihu na iji phosphorus nwere fatịlaịza eme ihe na-abawanye ụba nke phosphorus n'ime mmiri. A na-agbakwunye bentonite nke nwere lanthanum n'ime mmiri ma nwee ike ịgbasa oke phosphorus n'ime mmiri nke ọma ka ọ na-adaba na ala. Mgbe ọ na-adaba na ala, ọ nwekwara ike ịfefe phosphorus na mmiri ala mmiri, gbochie ntọhapụ nke phosphorus na sludge n'okpuru mmiri, ma na-achịkwa ọdịnaya nke phosphorus dị na mmiri, karịsịa, ọ nwere ike ime ka ihe ndị dị na phosphorus weghara phosphate. ụdị hydrates nke lanthanum phosphate, nke mere na algae enweghị ike iji phosphorus na mmiri, si otú a na-egbochi uto na mmepụta nke algae-acha anụnụ anụnụ, na-edozikwa Eutrophication nke sitere na phosphorus na mmiri dị iche iche dị ka ọdọ mmiri, ọdọ mmiri na osimiri.
Ịdị ọcha dị eluLanthanum oxideenwere ike iji rụpụta lenses ziri ezi yana bọọdụ eriri anya dị elu. A pụkwara iji Lanthanum mee ngwaọrụ ọhụụ abalị, ka ndị agha nwee ike mezue ọrụ ọgụ n'abalị dịka ha na-eme n'ehihie. A pụkwara iji Lanthanum oxide rụpụta capacitor ceramic, piezoelectric ceramics na ihe ọkụ ọkụ X-ray.
Mgbe ha na-enyocha mmanụ ọkụ ọzọ, ndị mmadụ lekwasịrị anya na hydrogen ume dị ọcha, na ihe nchekwa hydrogen bụ isi ihe na-eji hydrogen eme ihe. N'ihi ọdịdị na-enwu ọkụ na mgbawa nke hydrogen, cylinders nchekwa hydrogen nwere ike ịpụta na-enweghị isi. Site na nyocha na-aga n'ihu, ndị mmadụ chọpụtara na Lanthanum-nickel alloy, ihe nchekwa hydrogen ígwè, nwere ikike siri ike ijide hydrogen. Ọ nwere ike ijide ụmụ irighiri mmiri hydrogen wee kewaa ha n'ime atọm hydrogen, wee chekwaa atom hydrogen n'ime oghere lattice ọla iji mepụta hydride metal. Mgbe igwe hydrides ndị a na-ekpo ọkụ, ha ga-erepịa ma hapụ hydrogen, nke ya na akpa maka ịchekwa hydrogen, mana olu na ịdị arọ dị ntakịrị karịa nke ígwè cylinders, n'ihi ya, a pụrụ iji ha mee ihe anode maka nickel a na-ebugharị. - batrị hydride metal na ụgbọ ala eletrik ngwakọ.
Oge nzipu: Ọgọst-01-2023