Ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị ewepụtala ikpo okwu maka ịchịkọta akụrụngwa nanosized, ma ọ bụ "nano-objects," nke ụdị dị iche iche -- inorganic ma ọ bụ organic - n'ime ụlọ 3-D achọrọ.Ọ bụ ezie na ejirila mgbakọ onwe onye (SA) mee ihe nke ọma iji hazie nanomaterials nke ụdị dị iche iche, usoro ahụ abụrụla nke ukwuu usoro-kpọmkwem, na-emepụta ihe dị iche iche dabere na njirimara dị n'ime ihe ndị ahụ.Dị ka akọwara n'akwụkwọ e bipụtara taa na Nature Materials, a pụrụ itinye usoro DNA ọhụrụ ha na-eme nanofabrication iji hazie ihe dị iche iche nke 3-D n'otu ụzọ ahụ edebere na nanoscale (ijeri ijeri otu mita), ebe anya pụrụ iche, kemịkalụ. , na ihe ndị ọzọ na-apụta.
"Otu n'ime isi ihe kpatara SA abụghị usoro nhọrọ maka ngwa bara uru bụ na enweghị ike itinye otu usoro SA n'ofe ihe dị iche iche iji mepụta usoro 3-D nyere iwu site na nanocomponents dị iche iche," onye edemede kwekọrọ na Oleg Gang kọwara. , onye ndu nke Soft na Bio Nanomaterials Group na Center for Functional Nanomaterials (CFN) - a US Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science User Facility na Brookhaven National Laboratory -- na prọfesọ nke Chemical Engineering na nke Applied Physics na Science Sciences na Columbia Engineering."N'ebe a, anyị na-ewepụ usoro SA site na ihe onwunwe site n'ichepụta okpokolo agba DNA nke polyhedral siri ike nke nwere ike ịmepụta ihe dị iche iche inorganic ma ọ bụ organic nano, gụnyere ọla, semiconductor, na ọbụna protein na enzymes."
Ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị ahụ rụpụtara fremu DNA sịntetik n'ụdị cube, octahedron, na tetrahedron.N'ime okpokolo agba ndị ahụ bụ "ogwe aka" DNA nke naanị nano-ihe nwere usoro DNA agbakwunyere nwere ike jikọta ya.Voxels ihe ndị a - njikọ nke etiti DNA na nano-ihe - bụ ihe mgbochi ụlọ nke enwere ike isi na ya rụọ ụlọ 3-D macroscale.okpokolo agba a na-ejikọta ibe ha n'agbanyeghị ụdị nano-ihe dị n'ime (ma ọ bụ na ọ bụghị) dịka usoro mmekọ agbakwunyere ha na-etinye koodu na vertices ha.Dabere na ọdịdị ha, okpokolo agba nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ dị iche iche nke vertices ma si otú ahụ na-etolite kpamkpam dị iche iche ihe owuwu.Ihe nano-ihe ọ bụla akwadoro n'ime okpokolo agba na-ewere usoro etiti ahụ akọwapụtara.
Iji gosipụta usoro mgbakọ ha, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị ahọrọla ọla (ọlaedo) na semiconducting (cadmium selenide) nanoparticles na protein nje (streptavidin) dị ka ihe inorganic na organic nano-ihe a ga-etinye n'ime etiti DNA.Nke mbụ, ha kwadoro iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe nke okpokolo agba DNA na nguzobe nke voxels ihe site na iji microscopes eletrọn mee ihe na CFN Electron Microscope Facility na Van Andel Institute, nke nwere ngwa ọrụ nke na-arụ ọrụ na okpomọkụ cryogenic maka ihe atụ ndu.Ha wee nyochaa usoro lattice 3-D na Coherent Hard X-ray Scattering and Complex Materials Scattering beamline of the National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLS-II) -- ọzọ DOE Office of Science User Facility na Brookhaven Lab.Columbia Engineering Bykhovsky Prọfesọ nke Chemical Engineering Sanat Kumar na otu ya rụrụ computational modeling na-ekpughe na experimentally hụrụ lattice Ọdịdị (dabere na x-ray agbasa ụkpụrụ) bụ ndị kasị thermodynamically kwụsiri ike na ihe voxels nwere ike na-etolite.
"Voxels ihe ndị a na-enye anyị ohere ịmalite iji echiche ndị sitere na atom (na molecules) na kristal ha na-emepụta, na-ebufe ihe ọmụma a buru ibu na nchekwa data na usoro mmasị na nanoscale," Kumar kọwara.
Ụmụ akwụkwọ ndị òtù nọ na Columbia gosiziri otú e nwere ike isi jiri ikpo okwu mgbakọ mee ka nhazi nke ụdị ihe abụọ dị iche iche nwere ọrụ kemịkal na ngwa anya.N'otu oge, ha jikọtara enzymes abụọ, na-emepụta usoro 3-D na njupụta dị elu.Ọ bụ ezie na enzymes nọgidere na-agbanwe agbanwe, ha gosipụtara ihe dị ka mmụba okpukpu anọ na ọrụ enzymatic.Enwere ike iji "nanoreactor" ndị a iji megharịa mmeghachi omume cascade ma mee ka ịmepụta ihe ndị na-arụ ọrụ kemịkal.Maka ihe ngosi ngwa anya, ha gwakọtara agba abụọ dị iche iche nke ntụpọ quantum - obere nanocrystals ndị a na-eji mee ihe ngosi telivishọn nwere saturation na nchapụta dị elu.Onyonyo ewepụtara na microscope fluorescence gosipụtara na lattice kpụrụ na-edobe ịdị ọcha agba n'okpuru oke diffraction (wavelength) nke ìhè;ihe onwunwe a nwere ike inye ohere maka nkwalite mkpebi dị ukwuu na ngosipụta dị iche iche na teknụzụ nkwukọrịta anya.
"Anyị kwesịrị ịtụgharị uche ka esi emepụta ihe na otu ha si arụ ọrụ," Gang kwuru."Material redesign nwere ike ọ gaghị adị mkpa; nanị ịkwakọ ihe ndị dị ugbu a n'ụzọ ọhụrụ nwere ike ime ka ihe onwunwe ha dịkwuo elu. Enwere ike, ikpo okwu anyị nwere ike ịbụ nkà na ụzụ na-enyere aka 'karịa 3-D obibi n'ichepụta' iji chịkwaa ihe na obere akpịrịkpa na nnukwu ihe dị iche iche. Iji otu ụzọ na-etolite 3-D lattices si chọrọ nano-ihe nke dị iche iche ihe klaasị, integrating ndị na-agaghị ewere na-ekwekọghị, nwere ike revolutionize nanomanufacturing."
Ngwa ndị DOE/Brookhaven National Laboratory nyere.Mara: Enwere ike dezie ọdịnaya maka ụdị na ogologo.
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Oge nzipu: Jan-14-2020