Mu 1879, abarimu ba chimie bo muri Suwede LF Nilson (1840-1899) na PT Cleve (1840-1905) bavumbuye ikintu gishya mumabuye y'agaciro adasanzwe gadolinite hamwe nubutare bwa zahabu budasanzwe mugihe kimwe.Iyi ngingo bayise "Scandium", cyari" boron nka "element yahanuwe na Mendeleev. Ubuvumbuzi bwabo bwongeye kwerekana ukuri kw'amategeko agenga ibintu hamwe n'ubushishozi bwa Mendeleev.
Ugereranije nibintu bya lanthanide, scandium ifite radiyo ntoya cyane kandi alkalinity ya hydroxide nayo ifite intege nke cyane.Kubwibyo, iyo scandium nibintu bidasanzwe byisi bivanze hamwe, bivurwa na ammonia (cyangwa alkali ikabije cyane), kandi scandium izabanza kugwa.Kubwibyo, irashobora gutandukanywa byoroshye nibintu bidasanzwe byubutaka nuburyo bwa "progaramu yimvura".Ubundi buryo ni ugukoresha polar decomposition ya nitrate kugirango itandukane, kuko nitrati ya scandium niyo yoroshye kubora, kugirango ugere ku ntego yo gutandukana.
Icyuma cya Scandium gishobora kuboneka na electrolysis.Mugihe cyo gutunganya scandium,ScCl3, KCl, na LiCl birashonga, kandi zinc yashongeshejwe ikoreshwa nka cathode ya electrolysis kugirango igabanye scandium kuri electrode ya zinc.Hanyuma, zinc ihumeka kugirango ibone icyuma cya scandium.Mubyongeyeho, biroroshye kugarura scandium mugihe utunganya ubutare kugirango ubyare uranium, thorium, na lanthanide.Isubiranamo ryuzuye rya scandium iherekejwe na tungsten na amabati nayo ni isoko yingenzi ya scandium.Scandium iri muburyo butagereranywa mubice kandi byoroshye okiside kuriSc2O3mu kirere, gutakaza ibyuma byayo kandi bigahinduka imvi zijimye.Scandium irashobora gufata amazi ashyushye kugirango irekure hydrogene kandi irashobora gushonga byoroshye muri acide, bigatuma igabanya imbaraga zikomeye.Okiside na hydroxide ya scandium byerekana gusa alkaline, ariko ivu ryumunyu ntirishobora kuba hydrolyz.Chloride ya scandium ni kirisiti yera ishobora gushonga byoroshye mumazi kandi irashobora gutanga mukirere.Ibikorwa byingenzi byingenzi nibi bikurikira.
.Kurugero, kongeramo scandium nkeya kuri fer yashongeshejwe birashobora kunoza cyane imiterere yicyuma, mugihe wongeyeho scandium nkeya kuri aluminium birashobora kunoza imbaraga no kurwanya ubushyuhe.
.Ferrite irimo scandium nayo ifite porogaramu zitanga ikizere muri mudasobwa ya magnetiki.
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(4) Mu nganda z ibirahure, ikirahuri kidasanzwe kirimo scandium kirashobora gukorwa.
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Scandium ibaho muburyo bwa 15Sc muri kamere, kandi hariho na isotopi 9 ya radio ikora ya scandium, aribyo 40-44Sc na 16-49Sc.Muri byo, 46Sc yakoreshejwe nka tracer mu miti ya chimique, metallurgiki, ninyanja.Mu buvuzi, hari n’ubushakashatsi mu mahanga hakoreshejwe 46Sc mu kuvura kanseri.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Apr-19-2023