Sannadkii 1788-kii, Karl Arrhenius, oo ahaa sarkaal Iswidhish ah, oo ahaa hiwaayad bartay kimisteriga iyo macdanta iyo ururinta macdanta, ayaa ka helay macdan madow oo muuqaal ah asphalt iyo dhuxusha tuulada Ytterby ee ka baxsan Stockholm Bay, oo loogu magac daray Ytterbit sida magaca deegaanka.
Sannadkii 1794kii, farmashiistaha Finnishka ah ee John Gadolin ayaa falanqeeyay muunaddan Itebite. Waxaa la ogaaday in marka lagu daro oksaydhyada beryllium, silicon, iyo iron, oksaydhka ka kooban 38% curiyayaasha aan la garanayn loo yaqaan "dhul cusub". Sanadkii 1797 kii, kiimiste Iswidhish ah Anders Gustaf Ekeberg ayaa xaqiijiyay "dhulka cusub" wuxuuna u magacaabay dhulka yttrium (macneheedu waa oksaydhka yttrium).
Yttriumwaa bir aad loo isticmaalo oo leh waxyaalahan soo socda ee muhiimka ah.
(1) Waxyaabaha lagu daro birta iyo daawaha aan birta ahayn. Alaabooyinka FeCr waxay caadi ahaan ka kooban yihiin 0.5% ilaa 4% yttrium, taas oo kor u qaadi karta iska caabbinta oksaydhka iyo ductility birtaan; Ka dib marka lagu daro qadar ku habboon oo ah yttrium qani ah isku dhafka dhulka dhifka ah ee MB26, waxqabadka guud ee daawadu si weyn ayaa loo wanaajiyey, kaas oo bedeli kara qaar ka mid ah aluminium aluminium xoog dhexdhexaad ah si loogu isticmaalo qaybaha xamuulka qaada diyaaradaha; Ku darista qadar yar oo yttrium hodan ah dhul naadir ah Al Zr alloy waxay wanaajin kartaa habdhaqanka daawaha; Alloyskan waxa qaatay inta badan warshadaha siliga dalka; Ku darida yttrium ee daawaha naxaasta waxay wanaajisaa dhaqdhaqaaqa iyo xoogga farsamada.
(2) Alaabta dhoobada Silicon nitride oo ka kooban 6% yttrium iyo 2% aluminium ayaa loo isticmaali karaa si loo horumariyo qaybaha mishiinka.
(3) Isticmaal 400W neodymium yttrium aluminium garnet beam laser si aad u sameyso farsamaynta farsamada sida qodista, goynta, iyo alxanka qaybaha waaweyn.
(4) Mikroskoob elektaroonig ah shaashadda fluorescent ee ka kooban Y-A1 garnet hal wafers crystal ayaa leh dhalaal sare oo iftiin leh, nuugista hoose ee iftiinka kala firdhisan, iska caabin wanaagsan heerkulka sare iyo xirashada farsamada.
(5) Alloys-dhismeedka yttrium sare oo ka kooban ilaa 90% yttrium ayaa loo isticmaali karaa duulista iyo codsiyada kale ee u baahan cufnaanta hoose iyo barta dhalaalka sare.
(6) Waqtigan xaadirka ah, yttrium doped SrZrO3 heerkul sare oo proton ah ayaa soo jiidatay dareen badan, taas oo muhiimad weyn u leh soo saarista unugyada shidaalka, unugyada elektiroonigga ah iyo dareemayaasha gaaska ee u baahan milanka hydrogen sare. Intaa waxaa dheer, yttrium waxaa sidoo kale loo isticmaalaa sida wax lagu buufiyo heerkul sarreeya, dareere ah shidaalka reactor nukliyeer, wax lagu daro magnet joogto ah iyo gter warshadaha elektiroonigga ah.
Birta Yttrium Waxay leedahay adeegsiyo badan oo kala duwan, oo leh yttrium aluminium garnet loo isticmaalo sida walxaha laysarka, yttrium iron garnet loo isticmaalo tignoolajiyada microwave iyo wareejinta tamarta dhawaaqa, iyo europium doped yttrium vanadate iyo europium doped yttrium oxide loo isticmaalo sida fosfooraska loogu talagalay telefishinnada midabka.
Waqtiga boostada: Abriil-21-2023