Qaybaha Dhulka Naadirka ah | Scandium (Sc)

 

https://www.xingluchemical.com/high-quality-rare-earth-scandium-metal-sc-metal-with-factory-price-products/Sannadkii 1879-kii, macallimiinta kimistariga ee Iswiidhishka LF Nilson (1840-1899) iyo PT Cleve (1840-1905) waxay heleen walxo cusub oo ah macdanta qaaliga ah ee gadolinite iyo macdanta dahabka madow ee dhifka ah isku mar. Waxay u bixiyeen element this "Scandium", kaas oo ahaa curiyaha "boron like" ee uu saadaaliyay Mendeleev. Heliddooda ayaa mar kale caddaynaysa saxnaanta sharciga xilliyeedka ee curiyeyaasha iyo aragtida Mendeleev.

 

Marka la barbar dhigo canaasirta lanthanide, scandium waxay leedahay radius ionic ah oo aad u yar iyo alkalinity hydroxide sidoo kale waa mid daciif ah. Sidaa darteed, marka scandium iyo walxaha dhifka ah ee dhulka la isku daro, waxaa lagu daaweeyaa ammonia (ama alkali aad u khafiif ah), iyo scandium ayaa soo da'i doona marka hore. Sidaa darteed, waxa si fudud looga sooci karaa curiyayaasha dhulka naadir ah iyadoo loo eegayo habka "da'ay heersare ah". Habka kale waa in la isticmaalo kala goynta polar ee Nitrate-ka si loo kala saaro, sababtoo ah scandium nitrate waa kan ugu fudud ee la gooyo, si loo gaaro ujeedada kala-goynta.

 

Birta Scandium waxaa lagu heli karaa koronto la'aan. Inta lagu jiro sifaynta scandium,Scl3, KCl, iyo LiCl waa la dhalaalay, iyo zinc-ka dhalaaliyay waxaa loo isticmaalaa sidii cathode ee korantada si ay u soo daadiso scandium ee korantada zinc. Kadibna, zinc-ka ayaa la uumi baxaa si loo helo birta Scandium. Intaa waxaa dheer, way fududahay in dib loo soo kabsado scandium marka la farsameynayo macdanta si loo soo saaro uranium, thorium, iyo walxo lanthanide. Soo kabashada dhamaystiran ee scandium la socota ee tungsten iyo tiin miinada sidoo kale waa isha muhiimka ah ee scandium. Scandium inta badan waxay ku jirtaa xaalad trivalent oo isku dhis ah oo si fudud ayaa oksaydhaysan loogu sameeyaaSc2O3Hawo, luminaysa dhalaalkeedii macdan oo isu beddelaya cawl madow. Scandium waxay la falgali kartaa biyo kulul si ay u sii deyso haydarojiin waxayna si fudud ugu milmi kartaa asiidhyada, taasoo ka dhigaysa wax yareeya. Oxidaysyada iyo hydroxides ee scandium kaliya waxay muujinayaan alkalinity, laakiin dambas milix ah si dhib leh ayaa loo nadiifin karaa. chloride of scandium waa kiristaalo cad oo si fudud biyaha ugu milmi kara oo hawada ka saari kara. Codsiyada ugu muhiimsan waa sida soo socota.

 

(1) Warshadaha birta, scandium waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa in lagu soo saaro alloys (wax lagu daro Alloys) si loo hagaajiyo xooggooda, adkaantooda, caabbinta kulaylka, iyo waxqabadka. Tusaale ahaan, ku darista qadar yar oo scandium ah birta dhalaalaysa waxay si weyn u wanaajin kartaa sifooyinka birta, halka qadar yar oo scandium ah lagu daro aluminium waxay hagaajin kartaa xooggeeda iyo kulaylka.

 

(2) Warshadaha elektiroonigga ah, scandium waxaa loo isticmaali karaa aalado kala duwan oo semiconductor ah, sida codsiga scandium sulfite ee semiconductors, taas oo soo jiidatay dareenka gudaha iyo dibedda labadaba. Ferrites ay ku jiraan scandium waxay sidoo kale leeyihiin codsiyo rajo leh oo ku jira kombuyuutarrada magnetic.

 

(3) Warshadaha kiimikaad, xeryahooda scandium waxaa loo isticmaalaa kiciyayaal wax ku ool u ah fuuq-baxa khamriga iyo fuuq-baxa soo saarista ethylene iyo soo saarista koloriin ee qashinka hydrochloric acid.

 

(4) Warshadaha galaaska, galaas gaar ah oo ay ku jiraan scandium waa la soo saari karaa.

 

(5) Warshadaha isha korontada, nalalka Scandium sodium ee laga sameeyay scandium iyo sodium waxay leeyihiin faa'iidooyinka waxtarka sare iyo midabka iftiinka togan.

 

Scandium waxay u jirtaa qaab 15Sc dabeecad ahaan, waxaana sidoo kale jira 9 isotopes oo shucaac ah oo scandium ah, kuwaas oo kala ah 40-44Sc iyo 16-49Sc. Waxaa ka mid ah, 46Sc waxaa loo adeegsaday raadiye kiimikaad, biraha, iyo meelaha oceanographical. Daawada, waxaa sidoo kale jira daraasado dibadda ah oo isticmaalaya 46Sc si loo daaweeyo kansarka.

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Waqtiga boostada: Abriil-19-2023