Hadda,dhul dhif ahcanaasiirta waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa laba qaybood oo waaweyn: mid dhaqameed iyo mid sare. Codsiyada dhaqameed, sababtoo ah dhaqdhaqaaqa sare ee biraha dhifka ah ee dhulka, waxay nadiifin karaan biraha kale waxaana si ballaaran loogu isticmaalaa warshadaha birta. Ku darista oksaydhyada dhulka dhifka ah ee birta dhalaalaysa waxay ka saari kartaa wasakhda sida arsenic, antimony, bismuth, iwm. Awoodda sare ee birta alloy hoose ee laga sameeyay oxides-ka naadirka ah ayaa loo isticmaali karaa in lagu soo saaro qaybaha baabuurta, waxaana lagu cadaadin karaa birta iyo tuubooyinka birta, la isticmaalo soo saarista dhuumaha saliidda iyo gaaska.
Curiyayaasha dhulka naadirka ah waxay leeyihiin firfircooni firfircooni sare leh waxaana loo istcimaalaa dildilaaca batroolka ee warshadaha batroolka si loo hagaajiyo soosaarka saliidda iftiinka. Dhulka naadirka ah ayaa sidoo kale loo isticmaalaa sifeeyayaal katalytik ah oo loogu talagalay qiiqa baabuurta, qalajiyaha rinjiga, xasilinta kulaylka caaga ah, iyo soo saarista alaabada kiimikaad sida caag synthetic, dhogor macmal ah, iyo naylon. Ka faa'iidaysiga hawsha kiimikada iyo shaqada midabaynta ionic ee curiyeyaasha dhulka naadir, waxaa loo isticmaalaa warshadaha galaaska iyo dhoobada si ay u caddeeyaan dhalada, daalidda, midabaynta, midabaynta, iyo midabada dhoobada. Markii ugu horeysay ee Shiinaha, dhul dhif ah ayaa loo adeegsaday beeraha sida walxaha raadraaca ee bacriminta isku dhafan ee kala duwan, kor u qaadista wax soo saarka beeraha. Codsiyada soo jireenka ah, cerium group-ka naadirka ah ayaa inta badan laga faa'iidaystaa, taasoo ka dhigan 90% wadarta isticmaalkadhul dhif ahcuriyayaasha.
Codsiyada teknoolojiyadda sare, sababtoo ah qaab-dhismeedka elektiroonigga ah ee gaarka ah eedhul dhif ah,Heerarka tamarta kala duwan ee wareejinta elektiroonigga ah waxay abuuraan muuqaal gaar ah. Oksaydhyada eeyttrium, terbiumiyoeuropiumWaxaa si weyn loogu isticmaalaa sida fosfooraska cas ee telefishinnada midabka, hababka bandhigga ee kala duwan, iyo soo saarista saddex budo laambad ah midabka aasaasiga ah. Isticmaalka guryaha naadirka ah ee magnetic gaar ah si loo soo saaro magnets super joogto ah oo kala duwan, sida samarium cobalt magnets joogto ah iyo neodymium iron boron bir ah magnets joogto ah, waxay leedahay rajo codsiga ballaaran ee beeraha kala duwan ee farsamada sare sida matoor koronto, qalabka sawir-magnetic resonance nuclear, maglev. tareenada, iyo optoelectronics kale. Muraayada Lanthanum waxaa si weyn loogu isticmaalaa alaab ahaan muraayadaha kala duwan, muraayadaha, iyo fiilooyinka indhaha. Muraayada Cerium waxaa loo isticmaalaa sidii walxo shucaac u adkaysta. Dhalada Neodymium iyo yttrium aluminium garnet crystals-ka naadirka ah ee ka samaysan dhulka ayaa ah walxo muhiim ah oo dhegaha.
Warshadaha elektarooniga ah, ceramics kala duwan oo lagu daroneodymium oxide,lanthanum oxideiyoyttrium oxidewaxaa loo isticmaalaa sida qalab capacitor kala duwan. Biraha dhulka naadirka ah ayaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu soo saaro baytariyada nikkel haydarojiin lagu soo celin karo. Warshadaha tamarta atomiga, yttrium oxide waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu soo saaro ulaha xakamaynta ee reactors nukliyeerka. Alloysyada fudud ee u adkaysta kulaylka ee laga sameeyay kooxda cerium-ka naadirka ah walxaha dhulka iyo aluminium iyo magnesium ayaa loo isticmaalaa warshadaha hawada si loo soo saaro qaybaha diyaaradaha, dayax gacmeedyada, gantaalada, gantaalada, iyo in ka badan. Dhulka naadirka ah ayaa sidoo kale loo isticmaalaa qalabaynta sare iyo qalabka magnetostrictive, laakiin dhinacan ayaa weli ku jira marxaladda cilmi-baarista iyo horumarinta.
Heerarka tayada eeBir dhif ah dhulkaKhayraadka waxa ka mid ah laba dhinac: shuruudaha guud ee warshadaha ee kaydadka dhulka dhifka ah iyo heerarka tayada ee meelaha dhifka ah ee dhulka. Waxa ku jira F, CaO, TiO2, iyo Tfe ee ku jira fluorocarbon cerium ore concentrate waa in uu falanqeeyaa alaab-qeybiyaha, laakiin waa in aan loo isticmaalin saldhig ahaan qiimeynta; Heerka tayada ee isku-dhafka bastnaesite iyo monazite ayaa lagu dabaqi karaa xoogga la helay ka-faa'iidaysiga kadib. Waxyaabaha wasakhda ah ee P iyo CaO ee alaabta fasalka koowaad waxay bixiyaan oo kaliya xogta loomana isticmaalo saldhig qiimeyn ahaan; Isku-duubnaanta Monazite waxa loola jeedaa xoogga-ururinta macdanta ciidda ka dib ka faa'iidaysiga; Fosfooraska yttrium ore xooga waxa kale oo ay tilmaamaysaa xooga laga helay ka faa'iidaysiga macdanta ciidda.
Horumarinta iyo ilaalinta macdanta aasaasiga ah ee dhifka ah ee dhulka ayaa ku lug leh tignoolajiyada soo kabashada macdanta. Sabaynta, kala-soocidda cuf-jiidadka, kala-soocidda magnetic, iyo ka faa'iidaysiga habraaca la isku daray ayaa dhammaantood loo adeegsaday kobcinta macdanta dhulka naadir ah. Arrimaha ugu waaweyn ee saameeya dib-u-warshadaynta waxaa ka mid ah noocyada iyo xaaladaha dhacdooyinka curiyeyaasha dhulka dhifka ah, qaab-dhismeedka, qaab-dhismeedka, iyo sifooyinka qaybinta macdanta dhulka naadir ah, iyo noocyada iyo sifooyinka macdanta gangue. Farsamooyinka ka faa'iidaysiga ee kala duwan ayaa loo baahan yahay in lagu xusho iyadoo lagu salaynayo duruufo gaar ah.
Ka faa'iidaysiga macdanta aasaasiga ah ee naadirka ah ayaa guud ahaan qaata habka sabbaynta, oo inta badan lagu kabo cuf-isjiidadka iyo kala-soocidda birlabeedka, samaynta isku-darka cuf-isjiidadka sabbeynta, hababka kala soocidda magnetic flotation. Meelaha naadirka ah ee dhulka waxaa inta badan ku urursan cuf-isjiidadka, oo ay kaabayaan kala-soocidda birlabeedka, sabbaynta, iyo kala-soocidda korantada. Kaydinta macdanta birta ah ee dhifka ah ee Bayunebo ee gudaha Mongolia waxay ka kooban tahay monazite iyo fluorocarbon cerium ore. Xoog-saar dhul naadir ah oo ka kooban 60% REO waxaa lagu heli karaa iyadoo la adeegsanayo hab isku dhafan oo sabbeyn-dhaqid isku-dhafan oo kala soocida sabbeynta culeyska. Kaydinta dhulka naadirka ah ee Yaniuping ee Mianning, Sichuan waxay inta badan soo saartaa fluorocarbon cerium ore, iyo xooga dhul dhif ah oo ka kooban 60% REO ayaa sidoo kale la helay iyadoo la adeegsanayo habka sabbeynta sabbeynta culeyska. Xulashada wakiilada sabbeynta ayaa fure u ah guusha habka sabbeynta ee farsamaynta macdanta. Macdanta dhulka dhifka ah ee ay soo saarto miinada Nanshan Haibin ee Guangdong waxay u badan yihiin monazite iyo yttrium phosphate. Biyo-mareenka laga helay maydhista biyaha qaawan waxa lagu sakhiray faa'iidaysi wareeg ah, oo ay ku xigto kala-soocida cuf-isjiidadka, oo lagu kabo kala-soocidda magnetic iyo sabbaynta, si loo helo xooga monazite ah oo ka kooban 60.62% REO iyo fosfoorti ka kooban Y2O525.35%.
Waqtiga boostada: Oct-17-2023