Nanometer rare earth materials, matla a macha phetohong ea indasteri

Nanometer rare earth materials, matla a macha phetohong ea indasteri

Nanotechnology ke lefapha le lecha la thuto e fapaneng le ntlafalitsoeng butle butle bofelong ba lilemo tsa bo-1980 le mathoasong a lilemo tsa bo-1990. Hobane e na le monyetla o moholo oa ho theha lits'ebetso tse ncha tsa tlhahiso, lisebelisoa tse ncha le lihlahisoa tse ncha, e tla qala phetoho e ncha ea indasteri lekholong le lecha la lilemo.Maemo a hajoale a nts'etsopele ea nanoscience le nanotechnology e ts'oana le ea thekenoloji ea khomphutha le tlhahisoleseling ka bo-1950. Bo-rasaense ba bangata ba itetseng tabeng ena ba bolela esale pele hore tsoelo-pele ea nanotechnology e tla ba le phello e pharaletseng le e pharaletseng likarolong tse ngata tsa theknoloji. Bo-rasaense ba lumela hore e na le thepa e makatsang le ts'ebetso e ikhethang, Litlamorao tse kholo tsa ho koalloa tse lebisang mekhoeng e makatsang ea lisebelisoa tsa nano rare earth ke phello e ikhethang ea bokaholimo, phello ea boholo bo nyane, phello ea ponaletso, phello ea kotopo le phello ea macroscopic quantum. Litlamorao tsena li etsa hore thepa ea nano e fapane le ea lisebelisoa tse tloaelehileng tsa leseli, motlakase, mocheso le makenete, 'me e hlahisa likarolo tse ngata tsa lipale. ea li-nanomaterials tse nang le ts'ebetso e ntle haholo; Rala le ho lokisa lisebelisoa le lisebelisoa tse fapaneng tsa nano; Ho lemoha le ho sekaseka thepa ea libaka tsa nano. Hajoale, nano rare earth e na le litaelo tse latelang tsa ts'ebeliso, 'me ts'ebeliso ea eona e hloka ho ntlafatsoa nakong e tlang.

Nanometer lanthanum oxide (La2O3)

Nanometer lanthanum oxide e sebelisoa ho lisebelisoa tsa piezoelectric, lisebelisoa tsa electrothermal, thepa ea thermoelectric, lisebelisoa tsa magnetoresistance, lisebelisoa tsa luminescent (phofo e putsoa), lisebelisoa tsa polokelo ea haedrojene, khalase ea optical, lisebelisoa tsa laser, lisebelisoa tse fapaneng tsa alloy, li-catalysts bakeng sa ho lokisa lihlahisoa tsa lik'hemik'hale tsa tlhaho, le lisebelisoa tsa ho fokotsa matla. mosi oa likoloi, le lifilimi tsa temo tsa phetoho e bobebe le tsona li sebelisoa ho nanometer lanthanum oxide.

Nanometer cerium oxide (CeO2)

Lisebelisoa tse ka sehloohong tsa nano cerium oxide ke tse latelang: 1. Joaloka motsoako oa khalase, nano cerium oxide e ka monya mahlaseli a ultraviolet le mahlaseli a infrared, 'me e sebelisitsoe khalase ea koloi. E ke ke ea thibela mahlaseli a ultraviolet feela, empa hape e fokotsa mocheso ka har'a koloi, kahoo e boloka motlakase bakeng sa ho futhumatsa moea. 2. Ho sebelisoa ha nano cerium oxide ka mochine oa ho hloekisa mokelikeli oa likoloi ho ka thibela ka katleho hore ho be le khase e ngata ea koloi e tsoang moeeng.3. Nano-cerium oxide e ka sebelisoa ka pigment ho mebala ea polasetiki, hape e ka sebelisoa indastering ea ho roala, enke le ea pampiri. 4. Tšebeliso ea nano cerium oxide ka thepa ea ho bentša e 'nile ea tsejoa ka ho pharaletseng e le tlhokahalo e phahameng ea ho nepahala bakeng sa ho bentša liphaphatha tsa silicon le li-sapphire single crystal substrates.5. Ntle le moo, nano cerium oxide e ka boela ea sebelisoa ho lisebelisoa tsa polokelo ea haedrojene, lisebelisoa tsa thermoelectric, nano cerium oxide tungsten electrode, ceramic capacitors, piezoelectric ceramics, nano cerium oxide silicon carbide abrasives, lisebelisoa tse tala tsa sele ea mafura, li-catalyst tsa peterole, lisebelisoa tse ling tse sa feleng tsa makenete. litšepe tse fapaneng tsa alloy le litšepe tse se nang ferrous, jj.

Nanometer praseodymium oxide (Pr6O11)

Litšebeliso tse ka sehloohong tsa nanometer praseodymium oxide ke tse latelang: 1. E sebelisoa haholo ho haha ​​​​li-ceramics le li-ceramics tsa letsatsi le letsatsi. E ka kopanngoa le glaze ea ceramic ho etsa glaze e mebala, hape e ka sebelisoa e le underglaze pigment feela. Pigment e lokisitsoeng e mosehla o mosehla ka molumo o hloekileng le o motle. 2. E sebelisoa ho etsa limakete tse sa feleng 'me e sebelisoa haholo lisebelisoa tse fapaneng tsa elektroniki le li-motor. 3. E sebelisoa bakeng sa petroleum catalytic cracking.Mosebetsi, khetho le botsitso ba catalysis li ka ntlafatsoa. 4. Nano-praseodymium oxide e ka boela ea sebelisoa bakeng sa polishing ea abrasive. Ho phaella moo, tšebeliso ea nanometer praseodymium oxide tšimong ea fiber optical e ntse e eketseha le ho feta.

Nanometer neodymium oxide (Nd2O3)

Nanometer neodymium oxide e fetohile sebaka se chesang 'marakeng ka lilemo tse ngata ka lebaka la boemo ba eona bo ikhethang tšimong ea lefatše le sa tloaelehang. Nano-neodymium oxide e boetse e sebelisoa ho lisebelisoa tse se nang ferrous. Ho eketsa 1.5% ~ 2.5% nano neodymium oxide ho magnesium kapa alloy alloy e ka ntlafatsa ts'ebetso e phahameng ea mocheso, ho tiisa moea le ho hanyetsa kutu ea motsoako, 'me e sebelisoa haholo e le sebaka sa sefofane. thepa bakeng sa sefofane. Ntle le moo, nano yttrium aluminium garnet e entsoeng ka nano neodymium oxide e hlahisa beam ea laser e khuts'oane, e sebelisoang haholo bakeng sa ho tjheseletsa le ho seha lisebelisoa tse tšesaane tse nang le botenya bo ka tlase ho 10mm indastering. Ka lehlakoreng la bongaka, Nano-YAG laser doped with nano-Nd _ 2O _ 3 e sebelisoa ho tlosa maqeba a ho buuoa kapa maqeba a bolaeang likokoana-hloko ho e-na le lithipa tsa ho buoa. Nanometer neodymium oxide e boetse e sebelisoa bakeng sa mebala ea khalase le lisebelisoa tsa ceramic, lihlahisoa tsa rabara le li-additives.

Samarium oxide nanoparticles (Sm2O3)

Tšebeliso e ka sehloohong ea nano-size samarium oxide ke: nano-size samarium oxide ke mosehla o mosehla, o sebelisoang ho li-capacitor tsa ceramic le li-catalysts. Ho feta moo, nano-size samarium oxide e na le thepa ea nyutlelie, 'me e ka sebelisoa e le thepa ea meralo, thepa e sireletsang le thepa ea ho laola ea reactor ea matla a athomo, e le hore matla a maholo a hlahisoang ke fission ea nyutlelie a ka sebelisoa ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng. Europium oxide nanoparticles (Eu2O3) e sebelisoa haholo ho phosphors.Eu3+ e sebelisoa e le activator ea phosphor e khubelu, 'me Eu2+ e sebelisoa e le phosphor e putsoa. Y0O3:Eu3+ ke phosphor e ntle ka ho fetisisa ka katleho e khanyang, botsitso ba ho koahela, litšenyehelo tsa ho hlaphoheloa, joalo-joalo, 'me e sebelisoa haholo ka lebaka la ntlafatso ea katleho e khanyang le phapang. Haufinyane tjena, nano europium oxide e boetse e sebelisoa e le phosphor e susumetsang bakeng sa sistimi e ncha ea X-ray ea tlhahlobo ea bongaka. lisebelisoa tsa ho laola, lisebelisoa tsa tšireletso le lisebelisoa tsa sebopeho sa li-reactor tsa athomo. Karolo e ntle ea gadolinium europium oxide (Y2O3:Eu3 +) phosphor e khubelu e entsoe ka ho sebelisa nano yttrium oxide (Y2O3) le nano europium oxide (Eu2O3) e le lisebelisoa tse tala. Ha e sebelisoa ho lokisa phosphor e sa tloaelehang ea lefats'e ea tricolor, ho ile ha fumanoa hore: (a) e ka ba hantle le ka mokhoa o ts'oanang e kopantsoe le phofo e tala le phofo e putsoa; (b) Ts'ebetso e ntle ea ho roala; (c) Kaha boholo ba karoloana ea phofo e khubelu e nyenyane, sebaka se itseng sa holimo sea eketseha 'me palo ea likaroloana tsa luminescent e eketseha, palo ea phofo e khubelu ea phosphors e sa tloaelehang ea lefats'e ea tricolor e ka fokotseha, e leng se bakang litšenyehelo tse tlaase.

Gadolinium oxide nanoparticles (Gd2O3)

Litšebeliso tsa eona tse ka sehloohong ke tse latelang: 1. Setsi sa eona sa paramagnetic se qhibilihang ka metsi se ka ntlafatsa pontšo ea litšoantšo ea NMR ea 'mele oa motho kalafo ea bongaka. 2. Base sulphur oxide e ka sebelisoa e le marang-rang a matrix a tube ea oscilloscope le skrine ea X-ray e nang le khanya e khethehileng. 3. Nano-gadolinium oxide ka nano-gadolinium gallium garnet ke sebaka se le seng se loketseng bakeng sa memori ea bubble ea makenete. 4. Ha ho se na moeli oa potoloho ea Camot, e ka sebelisoa e le mokhoa o tiileng oa ho pholisa oa makenete. 5. E sebelisoa e le sethibela ho laola boemo ba ketane ea lipolante tsa matla a nyutlelie ho netefatsa polokeho ea liphetoho tsa nyutlelie. Ho phaella moo, tšebeliso ea nano-gadolinium oxide le nano-lanthanum oxide e thusa ho fetola sebaka sa vitrification le ho ntlafatsa botsitso ba mocheso oa khalase. Nano gadolinium oxide e ka boela ea sebelisoa bakeng sa ho etsa li-capacitor le X-ray intensifying screens. Hona joale, lefats'e le etsa boiteko bo matla ba ho ntshetsa pele tšebeliso ea nano-gadolinium oxide le lisebelisoa tsa eona ka sehatsetsing sa magnetic, 'me se tsoetse pele ka katleho.

Terbium oxide nanoparticles (Tb4O7)

Libaka tse ka sehloohong tsa kopo ke tse latelang: 1. Phosphors e sebelisoa e le li-activators tsa phofo e tala ka tricolor phosphors, tse kang phosphate matrix e entsoeng ke nano terbium oxide, silicate matrix e entsoeng ke nano terbium oxide le nano cerium oxide magnesium aluminate matrix e entsoeng ke nano terbium. oxide, tseo kaofela li ntšang khanya e tala sebakeng sa thabo. 2. Lisebelisoa tsa polokelo ea Magneto-optical, Lilemong tsa morao tjena, lisebelisoa tsa nano-terbium oxide magneto-optical li 'nile tsa etsoa lipatlisiso le ho ntlafatsoa. magneto-optical disk e entsoeng ka filimi ea Tb-Fe amorphous e sebelisoa e le ntho ea polokelo ea k'homphieutha, 'me matla a polokelo a ka eketsoa ka makhetlo a 10 ~ 15. 3. Magneto-optical glass, Faraday optically active glass e nang le nanometer terbium oxide, ke lisebelisoa tsa bohlokoa bakeng sa ho etsa li-rotator, isolators, annulators le tse sebelisoang haholo ho theknoloji ea laser.Nanometer terbium oxide nanometer dysprosium oxide e sebelisoa haholo-holo ka sonar, 'me e 'nile ea e-ba teng haholo. e sebelisoa mafapheng a mangata, joalo ka sistimi ea ente ea mafura, taolo ea li-valve tsa metsi, boemo bo tlase, mochini o kenyang mochini, mochini le taolo ea mapheo ea sebonela-hōle sa sefofane.

Nano Dysprosium oxide Dy2O3

Tšebeliso e ka sehloohong ea Dy2O3 nano dysprosium oxide ke:1. Nano-dysprosium oxide e sebelisoa e le activator ea phosphor, 'me trivalent nano-dysprosium oxide ke ion e ts'episang ea lisebelisoa tsa luminescent tsa tricolor tse nang le setsi se le seng sa luminescent. Haholo-holo e na le lihlopha tse peli tsa emission, e 'ngoe ke khanya e mosehla, e' ngoe ke khanya e putsoa, ​​'me lisebelisoa tsa luminescent tse nang le nano-dysprosium oxide li ka sebelisoa e le tricolor phosphors.2. Nanometer dysprosium oxide ke lintho tse hlokahalang tsa tšepe tse tala bakeng sa ho lokisa motsoako oa Terfenol ka motsoako o moholo oa magnetostrictive nano-terbium oxide le nano-dysprosium oxide, e ka hlokomelang mesebetsi e meng e nepahetseng ea motsamao oa mochini. 3. Nanometer dysprosium oxide tšepe e ka sebelisoa e le lisebelisoa tsa polokelo ea magneto-optical ka lebelo le phahameng la ho rekota le kutloisiso ea ho bala. 4. E sebelisetsoa ho lokisetsa lebone la nanometer dysprosium oxide. Ntho e sebetsang e sebelisoang lebone la nano dysprosium oxide ke nano dysprosium oxide, e nang le melemo ea khanya e phahameng, 'mala o motle, mocheso o phahameng oa' mala, boholo bo nyane le arc e tsitsitseng, 'me e' nile ea e-ba teng. e sebedisoang joalo ka mohloli oa mabone bakeng sa filimi le khatiso. 5. Nanometer dysprosium oxide e sebelisoa ho lekanya matla a nyutrone kapa e le mohanyi oa nyutrone indastering ea matla a athomo ka lebaka la sebaka sa eona se seholo sa neutron se tšoarang likarolo tse fapaneng.

Ho2O3 Nanometer

Lisebelisoa tse ka sehloohong tsa nano-holmium oxide ke tse latelang: 1. Joaloka motsoako oa lebone la tšepe halogen, lebone la tšepe la halogen ke mofuta oa lebone la ho ntša khase, le hlahisoang motheong oa lebone le phahameng la khatello ea mercury, 'me tšobotsi ea eona ke. hore tleloubu e tletse li-halide tse sa tloaelehang tse fapaneng tsa lefatše. Hona joale, li-iodide tse sa tloaelehang tsa lefats'e li sebelisoa haholo-holo, tse hlahisang melapo e fapaneng ea spectral ha khase e tsoa. ​​Ntho e sebetsang e sebelisoang leboneng la nano-holmium oxide ke nano-holmium oxide iodide, e ka fumanang mahloriso a phahameng a athomo ea tšepe sebakeng sa arc, ka hona. e ntlafatsa haholo ts'ebetso ea mahlaseli. 2. Nanometer holmium oxide e ka sebelisoa e le tlatsetso ea tšepe ea yttrium kapa yttrium aluminium garnet; 3. Nano-holmium oxide e ka sebelisoa e le yttrium iron aluminium garnet (Ho: YAG), e ka ntšang 2μm laser, le tekanyo ea ho monya ha lisele tsa motho ho 2μm laser e phahame. YAG0. Ka hona, ha u sebelisa laser ea Ho: YAG bakeng sa ts'ebetso ea bongaka, e ke ke ea ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso le ho nepahala feela, empa hape e fokotsa sebaka sa tšenyo ea mocheso ho ea boholo bo fokolang. Beam e sa lefelloeng e hlahisoang ke nano holmium oxide crystal e ka felisa mafura ntle le ho hlahisa mocheso o feteletseng, kahoo e fokotsa tšenyo ea mocheso e bakoang ke lisele tse phetseng hantle. Ho tlalehoa hore phekolo ea glaucoma e nang le nanometer holmium oxide laser United States e ka fokotsa bohloko ba ho buuoa. 4. Ka magnetostrictive alloy Terfenol-D, palo e nyenyane ea nano-size holmium oxide e ka boela ea ekeletsoa ho fokotsa tšimo e ka ntle e hlokahalang bakeng sa saturation magnetization ea alloy.5. Ho phaella moo, fiber ea optical e nang le nano-holmium oxide e ka sebelisoa ho etsa lisebelisoa tsa puisano tsa optical tse kang optical fiber lasers, optical fiber amplifiers, optical fiber sensors, joalo-joalo E tla phetha karolo ea bohlokoa haholoanyane puisanong ea kajeno e potlakileng ea optical fiber.

Nano Erbium(III) oxide

Lisebelisoa tse kholo ke:

1. Khanya e khanyang ea nanometer Erbium (III) oxide ho 1550nm ke ea bohlokoa bo khethehileng, hobane bolelele bona ke hantle tahlehelo e fokolang ea fiber optical ea puisano ea Fiber-optic. Ka mor'a ho thabisoa ke khanya ea 980nm le 1480nm, nanometer Erbium (III) oxide ion e fetoha ho tloha sebakeng sa fatše 4115/2 ho ea sebakeng se matla a matla a 4113/2. Ha Er3+ e maemong a matla a phahameng e khutlela fatše, e hlahisa leseli la 1550nm wavelength. Fiber ea quartz e ka fetisa leseli la maqhubu a fapaneng a maqhubu, Leha ho le joalo, litekanyetso tse fapaneng tsa ho fokotsa mahlo lia fapana, 'me sehlopha sa maqhubu a 1550nm se na le sekhahla se tlase sa optical attenuation (0.15 decibels per kilometer) phetisong ea fiber ea quartz, e batlang e le sekhahla se tlase sa ho fokotsa. Ka hona, ha puisano ea fiber optic e sebelisoa e le leseli la matšoao ho 1550nm, tahlehelo ea leseli e ea fokotseha. Ka tsela ena, haeba motsoako o loketseng oa nano Erbium(III) oxide o kenngoa ka har'a matrix a loketseng, amplifier e ka lefella tahlehelo ea tsamaiso ea puisano ho latela molao-motheo oa laser. Ka hona, marang-rang a likhokahano a hlokang ho holisa lets'oao la optical la 1550nm, nano Erbium(III) oxide doped fiber amplifier ke sesebelisoa sa bohlokoa sa optical. Hajoale, nano Erbium(III) oxide doped silica fiber amplifier e rekisitsoe khoebong. Ho tlalehoa hore e le ho qoba ho monya ho se nang thuso, palo ea doping ea nano Erbium(III) oxide ka har'a fiber ke mashome ho ea ho makholo a ppm. Tsoelo-pele e potlakileng ea puisano ea fiber ea optical e tla bula sebaka se secha sa kopo ea nano Erbium(III) oxide.

2. Laser kristale e nang le nanometer Erbium(III) oxide le tlhahiso ea laser ea 1730nm le 1550nm laser e bolokehile bakeng sa mahlo a motho, e na le ts'ebetso e ntle ea phetisetso ea sepakapaka, e na le bokhoni bo matla ba ho kenella ka mosi lebaleng la ntoa, lekunutu le letle, ha ho bonolo ho ba teng. e fumanwang ke sera, mme e be le phapang e kgolo ha e kgantsha diphofu tsa sesole. Ho entsoe "Laser rangefinder" e nkehang bakeng sa ts'ebeliso ea sesole, e bolokehileng mahlong a batho.

3. Nanometer Erbium(III) oxide e ka eketsoa ka har'a khalase ho etsa lisebelisoa tsa laser tse sa tloaelehang tsa khalase ea lefats'e, e leng lisebelisoa tse tiileng tsa laser tse nang le matla a maholohali a phalliso le matla a phahameng ka ho fetisisa a hlahisoang hajoale.

4. Nanometer Erbium(III) oxide e ka boela ea sebelisoa e le ion ea ts'ebetso ea lisebelisoa tsa laser tse sa tloaelehang tsa lefatše.

5. Nanometer Erbium(III) oxide e ka boela ea sebelisoa ho decolorization le mebala ea likhalase tsa mahlo le khalase ea kristale.

Nanometer yttrium oxide (Y2O3)

Lisebelisoa tse ka sehloohong tsa nano yttrium oxide ke tse latelang: 1. Li-additives bakeng sa li-alloys tsa tšepe le li-nonferrous. FeCr alloy hangata e na le 0.5% ~ 4% nano yttrium oxide, e ka ntlafatsang ho hanyetsa ha oxidation le ductility ea litšepe tsena tse se nang tšepe Ka mor'a ho eketsa palo e lekaneng ea lefats'e le sa tloaelehang le nang le nanometer yttrium oxide ho MB26 alloy, ho hlakile hore thepa e feletseng ea motsoako e ne e le teng. e ntlafalitsoe maobane, E ka nkela li-alloys tse mahareng le tse matla tsa aluminium bakeng sa likarolo tse hatelitsoeng tsa sefofane; Ho eketsa palo e nyane ea nano yttrium oxide lefats'e le sa tloaelehang ho Al-Zr alloy ho ka ntlafatsa conductivity ea alloy; Alloy e amohetsoe ke lifeme tse ngata tsa terata Chaena. Nano-yttrium oxide e ile ea kenngoa ka motsoako oa koporo ho ntlafatsa conductivity le matla a mochine. 2. Silicon nitride thepa ea ceramic e nang le 6% nano yttrium oxide le 2% aluminium.E ka sebelisoa ho hlahisa likarolo tsa enjene. 3. Ho cheka, ho itšeha, ho cheselletsa le lisebelisoa tse ling tsa mechine li etsoa ka likarolo tse kholo ka ho sebelisa nano neodymium oxide aluminium garnet laser beam ka matla a 400 watts. 4. Skrine ea microscope ea elektronike e entsoeng ka kristale e le 'ngoe ea Y-Al garnet e na le khanya e phahameng ea fluorescence, ho monya ho fokolang ha leseli le qhalakaneng, le ho hanyetsa mocheso o phahameng le ho hanyetsa ho apara ka mechine.5. High nano yttrium oxide structure alloy e nang le 90% nano gadolinium oxide e ka sebelisoa ho lifofane le liketsahalong tse ling tse hlokang ho fokotseha ho tlaase le ntlha e phahameng ea ho qhibiliha. 6. Thepa e phahameng ea mocheso oa proton conductive e nang le 90% nano yttrium oxide ke ea bohlokoa haholo ho hlahisa lisele tsa mafura, lisele tsa electrolytic le lisele tsa khase tse hlokang ho qhibiliha ha hydrogen. Ntle le moo, Nano-yttrium oxide e boetse e sebelisoa e le lisebelisoa tse hanyetsanang le mocheso o phahameng oa mocheso, motsoako oa mafura a atomic reactor, kenyelletso ea thepa ea magnete e sa feleng le getter indastering ea elektroniki.

Ho phaella ho tse ka holimo, nano rare earth oxides e ka boela ea sebelisoa ka thepa ea liaparo bakeng sa tlhokomelo ea bophelo bo botle ba batho le tšireletso ea tikoloho. Ho tsoa ho lihlopha tsa hona joale tsa lipatlisiso, kaofela li na le litsela tse itseng: mahlaseli a khahlanong le mahlaseli a kotsi; Tšilafalo ea moea le mahlaseli a kotsi a kotsing ea ho tšoaroa ke mafu a letlalo le kankere ea letlalo; Thibelo ea tšilafalo e etsa hore ho be thata hore lintho tse silafatsang li khomarele liaparo; E boetse e ithutoa ka tataiso ea ho boloka mocheso o khahlanong le mocheso.Hobane letlalo le thata ebile le bonolo ho tsofala, le atisa ho ba le hlobo matsatsing a lipula. Letlalo le ka nolofatsoa ka ho soeufala ka nano rare earth cerium oxide, eo ho seng bonolo ho tsofala le hlobo, 'me ho bonolo ho e apara. Lilemong tsa morao tjena, lisebelisoa tsa ho roala ka nano le tsona li tsepamisitse maikutlo lipatlisisong tsa nano-materials, 'me lipatlisiso tse ka sehloohong li shebane le liaparo tse sebetsang. Y2O3 e nang le 80nm United States e ka sebelisoa e le tšireletso ea infrared shielding.Katleho ea ho bonahatsa mocheso e phahame haholo. CeO2 e na le index e phahameng ea refractive le botsitso bo phahameng. Ha nano e sa tloaelehang ea lefats'e yttrium oxide, nano lanthanum oxide le nano cerium oxide phofo e kenyelletsoa ho roala, lerako la ka ntle le ka thibela botsofali, hobane lerako la ka ntle le ka ntle le bonolo ho tsofala le ho oa hobane pente e pepesehetse mahlaseli a letsatsi le mahlaseli a ultraviolet. ka nako e telele, 'me e ka hanyetsa mahlaseli a ultraviolet ka mor'a ho eketsa cerium oxide le yttrium oxide.Ho feta moo, boholo ba eona bo nyenyane haholo,' me nano cerium oxide e sebelisoa e le ultraviolet absorber, e lebeletsoeng hore e sebelisoe ho thibela botsofali ba lihlahisoa tsa polasetiki ka lebaka la mahlaseli a mahlaseli a kotsi, litanka, likoloi, likepe, litanka tsa polokelo ea oli, joalo-joalo, tse ka sireletsang ka ho fetisisa liboto tse kholo tsa ka ntle le ho thibela hlobo. , mongobo le tšilafalo bakeng sa ho roala marako ka hare. Ka lebaka la boholo ba eona bo nyenyane, lerōle ha le bonolo ho khomarela lebota.Mme le ka hlatsuoa ka metsi. Ho ntse ho e-na le litšebeliso tse ngata tsa nano rare earth oxides tse lokelang ho etsoa lipatlisiso le ho ntlafatsoa, ​​'me re tšepa ka tieo hore e tla ba le bokamoso bo khanyang haholoanyane.